Abstract
HIV-1 replicates by infecting new target cells either as cell-free viral particle or, much more efficiently, via cell-to-cell viral transmission. Cell-mediated viral spread, in which the infected cell directly transfers the viral particles to target cells via cell-cell contacts, in vitro is up to three orders of magnitude more efficient than transmission mediated by cell-free viral particles. Because of its potency, it has been suggested that current antiretroviral treatments could be less effective in blocking cell-to-cell viral transmission than cell-free. In this review, I will present an overview of the drugbased antiretroviral approaches as well as how the recently identified class of anti-HIV-1 broadly neutralizing antibodies could become part of an effective anti-viral strategy. I will discuss how both treatment strategies can be guided by our consideration that cell-to-cell HIV-1 spread is a major route of viral spread also in vivo.
Keywords: Broadly neutralizing antibodies, cell-to-cell transmission, cART, HIV-1, HIV-1 accessory proteins, virological synapse.
Current Drug Targets
Title:HIV-1 Cell-to-Cell Transmission and Antiviral Strategies: An Overview
Volume: 17 Issue: 1
Author(s): Nicoletta Casartelli
Affiliation:
Keywords: Broadly neutralizing antibodies, cell-to-cell transmission, cART, HIV-1, HIV-1 accessory proteins, virological synapse.
Abstract: HIV-1 replicates by infecting new target cells either as cell-free viral particle or, much more efficiently, via cell-to-cell viral transmission. Cell-mediated viral spread, in which the infected cell directly transfers the viral particles to target cells via cell-cell contacts, in vitro is up to three orders of magnitude more efficient than transmission mediated by cell-free viral particles. Because of its potency, it has been suggested that current antiretroviral treatments could be less effective in blocking cell-to-cell viral transmission than cell-free. In this review, I will present an overview of the drugbased antiretroviral approaches as well as how the recently identified class of anti-HIV-1 broadly neutralizing antibodies could become part of an effective anti-viral strategy. I will discuss how both treatment strategies can be guided by our consideration that cell-to-cell HIV-1 spread is a major route of viral spread also in vivo.
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Cite this article as:
Casartelli Nicoletta, HIV-1 Cell-to-Cell Transmission and Antiviral Strategies: An Overview, Current Drug Targets 2016; 17 (1) . https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/138945011701151217105638
DOI https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/138945011701151217105638 |
Print ISSN 1389-4501 |
Publisher Name Bentham Science Publisher |
Online ISSN 1873-5592 |
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