Abstract
Few data exist on the pathophysiologic changes in pediatric heart failure. Most of the knowledge has evolved from animal models of ischemic or idiopathic dilated cardiomyopathy. This review addresses the pathophysiologic changes that occur in the failing heart from animal models and the adult experience to unique aspects of heart failure in children.
Keywords: Diastolic dysfunction, heart failure, neurohormonal activation, pediatrics, systolic dysfunction, ventricular remodeling.
Graphical Abstract
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