摘要
细胞衰老发生在永恒增殖终止阶段。它分为两种类型。一种叫复制型衰老,这种取决于细胞分裂时的端粒长度限制;第二种是与端粒无关的压力诱发型永恒衰老(SIPS)。细胞衰老是对抗癌症的屏障。与此相矛盾的是,衰老细胞的代谢旺盛分泌因子可能会成为促癌基因。造成细胞衰老的主要元凶是DNA损伤和DNA损伤反应。虽然癌细胞经常通过两种主要的信号传输方式(包括细胞衰老)进行突变,叫做p53/p21和p16/Rb,但是他们依然保留DNA损伤诱发衰老的能力。癌细胞衰老是抗癌治疗的有效新靶向。现象表明许多种癌细胞能够经受SIPS。衰老的癌细胞与正常细胞有一般的相同特征(大型号,DNA损伤聚焦的累积和活性增强的衰老β-牛乳糖)。此外衰老癌细胞经常是多倍体,而多倍体可能经常出现不规则的细胞分裂,这就会造成后代体积小的现象。在此我们将聚焦于癌细胞的形态特征和他们的功能能力,比如分泌能力,多倍体化能力以及多能性。我们也将探讨细胞自我吞噬与有丝分裂障碍和衰老细胞重新获得增殖倾向三者的联系。我们希望能够展现出抗癌治疗后癌细胞显现出增殖的复杂性和实验数据解释的困难。
关键词: 细胞自我吞噬,DNA损伤,坏死原因,有丝分裂障碍,多倍体,多能性。
Current Drug Targets
Title:Morphological and Functional Characteristic of Senescent Cancer Cells
Volume: 17 Issue: 4
Author(s): Ewa Sikora, Grazyna Mosieniak and Malgorzata Alicja Sliwinska
Affiliation:
关键词: 细胞自我吞噬,DNA损伤,坏死原因,有丝分裂障碍,多倍体,多能性。
摘要: Cellular senescence is the state of permanent proliferation cessation. There are two types of cell senescence. One is replicative senescence, which relies on telomere length-dependent limit of cell divisions. The second is stress-induced premature senescence (SIPS) which is telomere- independent. Cell senescence is a barrier to cancer. Paradoxically senescent cells, which are metabolically active secrete factors which can be procancerogenic. The main culprit of cell senescence is DNA damage and DNA damage response. Although cancer cells frequently possess mutations in two main signalling pathways involved in cell senescence, namely p53/p21 and p16/Rb, they still preserve the ability to undergo DNA damage-induced senescence. Cancer cell senescence is a new promising target for anticancer therapy. It was shown that many types of cancer cells can undergo SIPS. Senescent cancer cells have generally the same features as normal cells, such as enlarged size, accumulation of DNA damage foci and increased activity of Senescence-Associated β- galactosidase. Moreover senescent cancer cells are frequently polyploid and it was shown that polyploidy might be connected with abnormal cell division, which leads to the appearance of small descendants. In this review we will focus on morphological hallmarks of senescent cancer cells as well as their functional capabilities, such as secretion, polyploidization, and stemness. We will also discuss links with autophagy, mitotic catastrophe and the propensity of senescent cells to regain proliferative activities. We would like to show the complexity of cancer cell phenotype arising after anticancer treatment and difficulties in interpretation of the experimental data.
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Ewa Sikora, Grazyna Mosieniak and Malgorzata Alicja Sliwinska , Morphological and Functional Characteristic of Senescent Cancer Cells, Current Drug Targets 2016; 17 (4) . https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1389450116666151019094724
DOI https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1389450116666151019094724 |
Print ISSN 1389-4501 |
Publisher Name Bentham Science Publisher |
Online ISSN 1873-5592 |
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