Abstract
Balance between excitatory glutamate and inhibitory GABA neurotransmitter is essential and critical for proper development and functioning of brain. GABAergic (gamma aminobutyric acid) and glutamatergic interneurons maintain excitability, integrity and synaptic plasticity. Several evidences implicated relative loss of inhibitory GABA with corresponding glutamate mediated hyperexcitation in the development of autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). ASD is the common neurological disorder with an estimated relative occurrence of 0.5-1% of universal population. Several studies have demonstrated the imbalance of excitatory/inhibitory neurotransmitters resulting from neurodevelopmental impairments in glutamatergic and GABAergic system, which might resemble common pathological mechanism for developmental disorders. This review focuses on the necessity for developing GABA enhancing and glutamate suppressing drug candidates, and illustrates the role of GABAergic and glutamatergic system in cognition and memory impairment involved in neurodevelopmental disorders, with emphasis on ASD and ADHD. The review also highlights the emerging drugs for neurodevelopmental disorders.
Keywords: AMPA/kainite/NMDA antagonist, attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, autism spectrum disorder, GABA, GABA agonist, glutamate.
Current Medicinal Chemistry
Title:A Review on GABA/Glutamate Pathway for Therapeutic Intervention of ASD and ADHD
Volume: 22 Issue: 15
Author(s): Priyanka Purkayastha, Aruna Malapati, Perumal Yogeeswari and Dharmarajan Sriram
Affiliation:
Keywords: AMPA/kainite/NMDA antagonist, attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, autism spectrum disorder, GABA, GABA agonist, glutamate.
Abstract: Balance between excitatory glutamate and inhibitory GABA neurotransmitter is essential and critical for proper development and functioning of brain. GABAergic (gamma aminobutyric acid) and glutamatergic interneurons maintain excitability, integrity and synaptic plasticity. Several evidences implicated relative loss of inhibitory GABA with corresponding glutamate mediated hyperexcitation in the development of autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). ASD is the common neurological disorder with an estimated relative occurrence of 0.5-1% of universal population. Several studies have demonstrated the imbalance of excitatory/inhibitory neurotransmitters resulting from neurodevelopmental impairments in glutamatergic and GABAergic system, which might resemble common pathological mechanism for developmental disorders. This review focuses on the necessity for developing GABA enhancing and glutamate suppressing drug candidates, and illustrates the role of GABAergic and glutamatergic system in cognition and memory impairment involved in neurodevelopmental disorders, with emphasis on ASD and ADHD. The review also highlights the emerging drugs for neurodevelopmental disorders.
Export Options
About this article
Cite this article as:
Purkayastha Priyanka, Malapati Aruna, Yogeeswari Perumal and Sriram Dharmarajan, A Review on GABA/Glutamate Pathway for Therapeutic Intervention of ASD and ADHD, Current Medicinal Chemistry 2015; 22 (15) . https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/0929867322666150209152712
DOI https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/0929867322666150209152712 |
Print ISSN 0929-8673 |
Publisher Name Bentham Science Publisher |
Online ISSN 1875-533X |
Call for Papers in Thematic Issues
Advances in Medicinal Chemistry: From Cancer to Chronic Diseases.
The broad spectrum of the issue will provide a comprehensive overview of emerging trends, novel therapeutic interventions, and translational insights that impact modern medicine. The primary focus will be diseases of global concern, including cancer, chronic pain, metabolic disorders, and autoimmune conditions, providing a broad overview of the advancements in ...read more
Approaches to the treatment of chronic inflammation
Chronic inflammation is a hallmark of numerous diseases, significantly impacting global health. Although chronic inflammation is a hot topic, not much has been written about approaches to its treatment. This thematic issue aims to showcase the latest advancements in chronic inflammation treatment and foster discussion on future directions in this ...read more
Cellular and Molecular Mechanisms of Non-Infectious Inflammatory Diseases: Focus on Clinical Implications
The Special Issue covers the results of the studies on cellular and molecular mechanisms of non-infectious inflammatory diseases, in particular, autoimmune rheumatic diseases, atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease and other age-related disorders such as type II diabetes, cancer, neurodegenerative disorders, etc. Review and research articles as well as methodology papers that summarize ...read more
Chalcogen-modified nucleic acid analogues
Chalcogen-modified nucleosides, nucleotides and oligonucleotides have been of great interest to scientific research for many years. The replacement of oxygen in the nucleobase, sugar or phosphate backbone by chalcogen atoms (sulfur, selenium, tellurium) gives these biomolecules unique properties resulting from their altered physical and chemical properties. The continuing interest in ...read more
- Author Guidelines
- Graphical Abstracts
- Fabricating and Stating False Information
- Research Misconduct
- Post Publication Discussions and Corrections
- Publishing Ethics and Rectitude
- Increase Visibility of Your Article
- Archiving Policies
- Peer Review Workflow
- Order Your Article Before Print
- Promote Your Article
- Manuscript Transfer Facility
- Editorial Policies
- Allegations from Whistleblowers
- Announcements
Related Articles
-
Nicotinic Acetylcholine Receptors as Drug Targets
Current Drug Targets - CNS & Neurological Disorders Comparative Study of LC/MS and EMIT in Therapeutic Monitoring of Carbamazepine and its Clinical Applications
Current Pharmaceutical Analysis The Role of Melatonin in the Immuno-Neuro-Psychology of Mental Disorders
Recent Patents on CNS Drug Discovery (Discontinued) Is There a Relationship Between Sweet Taste and Seizures? Anticonvulsant and Proconvulsant Effects of Non-Nutritive Sweeteners
Combinatorial Chemistry & High Throughput Screening Pathogens and Chronic or Long-Term Neurologic Disorders
Cardiovascular & Hematological Disorders-Drug Targets Contrasting Roles of the Galectin-3 in the Schizophrenia Onset, Clinical Presentation, and Somatic Comorbidity
Current Topics in Medicinal Chemistry Prospective Function of Different Antioxidant Containing Natural Products in the Treatment of Neurodegenerative Diseases
CNS & Neurological Disorders - Drug Targets Neuroimaging of Gut Nutrient Perception
Current Pharmaceutical Design Unraveling Progesterone-Induced Molecular Mechanisms in Physiological and Pathological Conditions
Current Clinical Pharmacology Therapeutic Trials in Human Transmissible Spongiform Encephalopathies: Recent Advances and Problems to Address
Infectious Disorders - Drug Targets GABAergic Pharmacotherapy in the Treatment of Motor Disorders of the Central Nervous System
Current Pharmaceutical Design Genetic Variations in CHRNA7 or CHRFAM7 and Susceptibility to Dementia
Current Drug Targets Desensitization of 5-HT-1A Somatodentritic Receptors in Tryptophan Treated and Co-treated Rats Induced by Methylphenidate
Current Clinical Pharmacology Src Family Kinases in the Central Nervous System: Their Emerging Role in Pathophysiology of Migraine and Neuropathic Pain
Current Neuropharmacology Foreword
Current Topics in Medicinal Chemistry Phentermine and Topiramate Extended-Release for the Obesity: New Kids on the Block
Recent Patents on Cardiovascular Drug Discovery Regulation of miRNA Processing and miRNA Mediated Gene Repression in Cancer
MicroRNA 3,4-DHQLO and Triazole and Its Related Analogues with Anticonvulsant Effects
Mini-Reviews in Medicinal Chemistry Pharmacogenetics of the Human MDR1 Multidrug Transporter
Current Pharmacogenomics Definition of Genes and Paths Involved in Alzheimers Disease: Using Gene Expression Profiles and Chemical Genetics at the Mouse Brain Level
Current Genomics