Abstract
Autoimmune diseases are many, have an overall prevalence of about 3% of the world population, affecting more women than men, and their incidence is influenced by genetics and the environment. It is currently thought that the immune response of a genetically predisposed individual to an environmental pathogen, under the influence of inadequate or non-functional immunoregulatory mechanisms, can lead to the development of an autoimmune disease. Advances in the treatment of autoimmune diseases follow a better understanding of the abnormalities in the cellular activity pathways and the resulting, often permanent, imbalance of the pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokine expression profiles. Over the past few years, there has been a dramatic change in the therapeutic regimens employed in autoimmune diseases, with soluble receptors, monoclonal antibodies and molecular mimetics enhancing or gradually replacing conventional immunosuppressive therapies. New biologicals have been developed, targeting defined pathways of the adaptive immune response. One approach towards the therapeutic management of autoimmune diseases involves the design and use of peptide analogs of disease-associated epitopes to be used as immunomodulatory drugs. Peptides can target cell-functions directly, by interfering with the formation of the tri-molecular complex MHCPeptide- TCR, and/or they can target soluble mediators such as cytokines or their receptors, eventually replacing monoclonal antibody therapies. This review offers an update on the treatment modalities of certain prototypic autoimmune diseases, based on the current knowledge of disease pathogenesis, with emphasis on cell activation and cytokine expression profiles.
Keywords: rheumatoid arthritis, systemic lupus erythematosus, multiple sclerosis, interleukin- receptor, pathogenesis, th/th
Current Medicinal Chemistry
Title: Advances in the Treatment of Autoimmune Diseases; Cellular Activity, Type-1/Type-2 Cytokine Secretion Patterns and their Modulation by Therapeutic Peptides
Volume: 12 Issue: 13
Author(s): Athanasia Mouzaki, Spyros Deraos and Kokona Chatzantoni
Affiliation:
Keywords: rheumatoid arthritis, systemic lupus erythematosus, multiple sclerosis, interleukin- receptor, pathogenesis, th/th
Abstract: Autoimmune diseases are many, have an overall prevalence of about 3% of the world population, affecting more women than men, and their incidence is influenced by genetics and the environment. It is currently thought that the immune response of a genetically predisposed individual to an environmental pathogen, under the influence of inadequate or non-functional immunoregulatory mechanisms, can lead to the development of an autoimmune disease. Advances in the treatment of autoimmune diseases follow a better understanding of the abnormalities in the cellular activity pathways and the resulting, often permanent, imbalance of the pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokine expression profiles. Over the past few years, there has been a dramatic change in the therapeutic regimens employed in autoimmune diseases, with soluble receptors, monoclonal antibodies and molecular mimetics enhancing or gradually replacing conventional immunosuppressive therapies. New biologicals have been developed, targeting defined pathways of the adaptive immune response. One approach towards the therapeutic management of autoimmune diseases involves the design and use of peptide analogs of disease-associated epitopes to be used as immunomodulatory drugs. Peptides can target cell-functions directly, by interfering with the formation of the tri-molecular complex MHCPeptide- TCR, and/or they can target soluble mediators such as cytokines or their receptors, eventually replacing monoclonal antibody therapies. This review offers an update on the treatment modalities of certain prototypic autoimmune diseases, based on the current knowledge of disease pathogenesis, with emphasis on cell activation and cytokine expression profiles.
Export Options
About this article
Cite this article as:
Mouzaki Athanasia, Deraos Spyros and Chatzantoni Kokona, Advances in the Treatment of Autoimmune Diseases; Cellular Activity, Type-1/Type-2 Cytokine Secretion Patterns and their Modulation by Therapeutic Peptides, Current Medicinal Chemistry 2005; 12 (13) . https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/0929867054039044
DOI https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/0929867054039044 |
Print ISSN 0929-8673 |
Publisher Name Bentham Science Publisher |
Online ISSN 1875-533X |
Call for Papers in Thematic Issues
Advances in Medicinal Chemistry: From Cancer to Chronic Diseases.
The broad spectrum of the issue will provide a comprehensive overview of emerging trends, novel therapeutic interventions, and translational insights that impact modern medicine. The primary focus will be diseases of global concern, including cancer, chronic pain, metabolic disorders, and autoimmune conditions, providing a broad overview of the advancements in ...read more
Approaches to the treatment of chronic inflammation
Chronic inflammation is a hallmark of numerous diseases, significantly impacting global health. Although chronic inflammation is a hot topic, not much has been written about approaches to its treatment. This thematic issue aims to showcase the latest advancements in chronic inflammation treatment and foster discussion on future directions in this ...read more
Cellular and Molecular Mechanisms of Non-Infectious Inflammatory Diseases: Focus on Clinical Implications
The Special Issue covers the results of the studies on cellular and molecular mechanisms of non-infectious inflammatory diseases, in particular, autoimmune rheumatic diseases, atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease and other age-related disorders such as type II diabetes, cancer, neurodegenerative disorders, etc. Review and research articles as well as methodology papers that summarize ...read more
Chalcogen-modified nucleic acid analogues
Chalcogen-modified nucleosides, nucleotides and oligonucleotides have been of great interest to scientific research for many years. The replacement of oxygen in the nucleobase, sugar or phosphate backbone by chalcogen atoms (sulfur, selenium, tellurium) gives these biomolecules unique properties resulting from their altered physical and chemical properties. The continuing interest in ...read more
- Author Guidelines
- Graphical Abstracts
- Fabricating and Stating False Information
- Research Misconduct
- Post Publication Discussions and Corrections
- Publishing Ethics and Rectitude
- Increase Visibility of Your Article
- Archiving Policies
- Peer Review Workflow
- Order Your Article Before Print
- Promote Your Article
- Manuscript Transfer Facility
- Editorial Policies
- Allegations from Whistleblowers
- Announcements
Related Articles
-
Disrupting Acetyl-lysine Interactions: Recent Advance in the Development of BET Inhibitors
Current Drug Targets Targeting Regulatory T Cells in the Treatment of Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus
Current Molecular Medicine Clinical Queries Addressed in Patients with Systemic Autoimmune Diseases. Can Cardiovascular Magnetic Resonance Give the Final Solution?
Inflammation & Allergy - Drug Targets (Discontinued) Transcription Factors in Autoimmune Diseases
Current Pharmaceutical Design CXXC5 Associates with Smads to Mediate TNF-α Induced Apoptosis
Current Molecular Medicine Lipid-Based Nanocarriers for RNA Delivery
Current Pharmaceutical Design Ubiquitin Ligases as Key Elements for the Modulation of the Immune Response: An Insight in the Pathogenesis of Autoimmunity
Current Rheumatology Reviews Current and Potential Agents for the Treatment of Alopecia Areata
Current Pharmaceutical Design Defective Autophagy in Fibroblasts May Contribute to Fibrogenesis in Autoimmune Processes
Current Pharmaceutical Design Autoimmune Lymphoproliferative Syndrome (ALPS)
Current Pharmaceutical Design Monoclonal Antibodies: New Therapeutic Agents for Autoimmune Hemolytic Anemia?
Endocrine, Metabolic & Immune Disorders - Drug Targets Influence of Genetic Polymorphisms on Mycophenolic Acid Pharmacokinetics and Patient Outcomes in Renal Transplantation
Current Drug Metabolism Antibody-Mediated Endothelial Cell Damage Via Nitric Oxide
Current Pharmaceutical Design Current and Future Therapies Targeting the Immune System in Multiple Sclerosis
Current Pharmaceutical Biotechnology The Emergence of Multiplexed Technologies as Diagnostic Platforms in Systemic Autoimmune Diseases
Current Medicinal Chemistry The NF-kB Pathway as a Potential Target for Autoimmune Disease Therapy
Current Pharmaceutical Design The Contrasting Roles of NKT Cells in Tumor Immunity
Current Molecular Medicine Use of Synbiotics for Ulcerative Colitis Treatment
Current Clinical Pharmacology A Common Pathway for All Autoimmune Diseases? The Unholy Alliance of Environment, Cell Death and Nucleic Acids
Current Immunology Reviews (Discontinued) Models of Antigen Receptor Activation in the Design of Vaccines
Current Pharmaceutical Design