Abstract
The asialoglycoprotein receptor (ASGPR) is a high-capacity C-type lectin receptor mainly expressed on mammalian hepatic cells. The physiological function of ASGPR has not been completely clarified and is thought to be specific binding and internalization of galactose (Gal) or N-acetylgalactosamine (GalNAc)-terminating glycoproteins by hepatocytes. The human ASGPR is comprised of two homologous polypeptides, H1 and H2. ASGPR H1 has two splice variants (H1a and H1b) and ASGPR H2 has three splice variants (H2a, H2b, and H2c). These variants have been discovered to exist both in human liver tissues and in human hepatoma cells. Variant H1b, which has an in-frame deletion of exon 2 resulting in the loss of the transmembrane domain and is secreted as a soluble protein, encodes functional soluble ASGPR (s- ASGPR). Based on our previous results, we proposed the possible physiological function of s-ASGPR, which is well interpreted in the Galactosyl Homeostasis Hypothesis proposed by Weigel. ASGPR is one of the most promising targets for hepatic delivery. In this review, the recent progresses of cationic polysomes and liposomes as effective non-viral delivery system via ASGPR are also presented.
Keywords: Asialoglycoprotein receptor, hepatic-targeted delivery, liposome-based delivery system, lipoplexes, polymeric delivery system, splice variant.
Protein & Peptide Letters
Title:Physiological Roles of Asialoglycoprotein Receptors (ASGPRs) Variants and Recent Advances in Hepatic-Targeted Delivery of Therapeutic Molecules Via ASGPRs
Volume: 21 Issue: 10
Author(s): Jing Hu, Jia Liu, Dongliang Yang, Mengji Lu and Jian Yin
Affiliation:
Keywords: Asialoglycoprotein receptor, hepatic-targeted delivery, liposome-based delivery system, lipoplexes, polymeric delivery system, splice variant.
Abstract: The asialoglycoprotein receptor (ASGPR) is a high-capacity C-type lectin receptor mainly expressed on mammalian hepatic cells. The physiological function of ASGPR has not been completely clarified and is thought to be specific binding and internalization of galactose (Gal) or N-acetylgalactosamine (GalNAc)-terminating glycoproteins by hepatocytes. The human ASGPR is comprised of two homologous polypeptides, H1 and H2. ASGPR H1 has two splice variants (H1a and H1b) and ASGPR H2 has three splice variants (H2a, H2b, and H2c). These variants have been discovered to exist both in human liver tissues and in human hepatoma cells. Variant H1b, which has an in-frame deletion of exon 2 resulting in the loss of the transmembrane domain and is secreted as a soluble protein, encodes functional soluble ASGPR (s- ASGPR). Based on our previous results, we proposed the possible physiological function of s-ASGPR, which is well interpreted in the Galactosyl Homeostasis Hypothesis proposed by Weigel. ASGPR is one of the most promising targets for hepatic delivery. In this review, the recent progresses of cationic polysomes and liposomes as effective non-viral delivery system via ASGPR are also presented.
Export Options
About this article
Cite this article as:
Hu Jing, Liu Jia, Yang Dongliang, Lu Mengji and Yin Jian, Physiological Roles of Asialoglycoprotein Receptors (ASGPRs) Variants and Recent Advances in Hepatic-Targeted Delivery of Therapeutic Molecules Via ASGPRs, Protein & Peptide Letters 2014; 21 (10) . https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/0929866521666140626102429
DOI https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/0929866521666140626102429 |
Print ISSN 0929-8665 |
Publisher Name Bentham Science Publisher |
Online ISSN 1875-5305 |
- Author Guidelines
- Graphical Abstracts
- Fabricating and Stating False Information
- Research Misconduct
- Post Publication Discussions and Corrections
- Publishing Ethics and Rectitude
- Increase Visibility of Your Article
- Archiving Policies
- Peer Review Workflow
- Order Your Article Before Print
- Promote Your Article
- Manuscript Transfer Facility
- Editorial Policies
- Allegations from Whistleblowers
Related Articles
-
Recent Patents in Autophagy and Immune Response
Recent Patents on Inflammation & Allergy Drug Discovery Targeting IAPs as An Approach to Anti-Cancer Therapy
Current Topics in Medicinal Chemistry Structure-Based Drug Design of Novel MARK-3 Inhibitors in Cancer
Current Bioactive Compounds Tumor Thermal Ablation Enhancement by Micromaterials
Current Drug Delivery Inventions Designed to Enhance Drug Delivery Across Epithelial and Endothelial Cells Through the Paracellular Pathway
Recent Patents on Drug Delivery & Formulation Current Developments in Anti-Fungal Agents
Current Medicinal Chemistry - Anti-Infective Agents Novel Molecular-Targeted Therapeutics for the Treatment of Cancer
Anti-Cancer Agents in Medicinal Chemistry Advances in Translational Pharmacological Investigations in Identifying and Validating Molecular Targets of Natural Product Anticancer Agents
Current Cancer Drug Targets Mining the Dark Matter of the Cancer Proteome for Novel Biomarkers
Current Cancer Therapy Reviews Gold - Old Drug with New Potentials
Current Medicinal Chemistry The Cyclin-Dependent Kinase Inhibitor p21CDKN1A as a Target of Anti-Cancer Drugs
Current Cancer Drug Targets New Therapeutic Platforms for the Treatment of Epithelial and Cutaneous Lesions
Current Drug Delivery Anti-Cancer Phytometabolites Targeting Cancer Stem Cells
Current Genomics Hedgehog Signaling and Urological Cancers
Current Drug Targets The Yin and Yang of CD4+ Regulatory T Cells in Autoimmunity and Cancer
Current Medicinal Chemistry Clinical Utility of Combined 18F-Fluoro-2-deoxyglucose Positron Emission Tomography – Computed Tomography in the Evaluation of Gastrointestinal Malignancies
Current Medical Imaging The Blood Brain Barrier, Mechanisms of Cerebral Edema, and the Use of Anti-Inflammatory and other Anti-Edema Agents in Neuro-Oncology
Anti-Inflammatory & Anti-Allergy Agents in Medicinal Chemistry Exploiting HPV-Induced Carcinogenesis for a Rational Drug Development in Cervical Cancer
Current Cancer Drug Targets Endoplasmic Reticulum and Mitochondria: Independent Roles and Crosstalk in Fatty Liver Diseases and Hepatic Inflammation
Current Pharmaceutical Design Inflammasome, Inflammation and Cancer: An Interrelated Pathobiological Triad
Current Drug Targets