Abstract
Poxvirus-based vaccines have a long record of efficacy as both anti-tumour agents and vectors for gene therapy in different human tumour models. Interestingly, several studies of these vaccines have now entered the clinical evaluation phase for safety and effectiveness. A desirable outcome of antigen specific cancer immunotherapy is the disruption of host self-tolerance against endogenous tumour-associated antigens (TAAs). Nonetheless, recent studies have found reductions in vaccine efficacy due to host anti-vaccine immune reactions. Thus, newer approaches bringing together poxvirus-based vaccination and immunostimulation are being developed, and new poxvirus strains are being examined in tumour therapy studies.
Our review summarizes the current knowledge on the efficacy of poxvirus-based vaccination on human tumours, with a particular focus on approaches aimed at increasing innate and specific immune responses. Special attention will be devoted to the new poxvirus strains that are currently under consideration for tumour therapy; the current knowledge on clinical trials and outcomes will also be reviewed.
Keywords: Avipoxviruses, cancer vaccine, cytokines, immunostimulation, poxviruses, tumour-associated antigens.
Anti-Cancer Agents in Medicinal Chemistry
Title:Poxvirus-Based Vaccines for Cancer Immunotherapy: New Insights from Combined Cytokines/Co-Stimulatory Molecules Delivery and “Uncommon” Strains
Volume: 14 Issue: 2
Author(s): Valerio Izzi, Marcin Buler, Laura Masuelli, Maria G. Giganti, Andrea Modesti and Roberto Bei
Affiliation:
Keywords: Avipoxviruses, cancer vaccine, cytokines, immunostimulation, poxviruses, tumour-associated antigens.
Abstract: Poxvirus-based vaccines have a long record of efficacy as both anti-tumour agents and vectors for gene therapy in different human tumour models. Interestingly, several studies of these vaccines have now entered the clinical evaluation phase for safety and effectiveness. A desirable outcome of antigen specific cancer immunotherapy is the disruption of host self-tolerance against endogenous tumour-associated antigens (TAAs). Nonetheless, recent studies have found reductions in vaccine efficacy due to host anti-vaccine immune reactions. Thus, newer approaches bringing together poxvirus-based vaccination and immunostimulation are being developed, and new poxvirus strains are being examined in tumour therapy studies.
Our review summarizes the current knowledge on the efficacy of poxvirus-based vaccination on human tumours, with a particular focus on approaches aimed at increasing innate and specific immune responses. Special attention will be devoted to the new poxvirus strains that are currently under consideration for tumour therapy; the current knowledge on clinical trials and outcomes will also be reviewed.
Export Options
About this article
Cite this article as:
Izzi Valerio, Buler Marcin, Masuelli Laura, Giganti G. Maria, Modesti Andrea and Bei Roberto, Poxvirus-Based Vaccines for Cancer Immunotherapy: New Insights from Combined Cytokines/Co-Stimulatory Molecules Delivery and “Uncommon” Strains, Anti-Cancer Agents in Medicinal Chemistry 2014; 14 (2) . https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/18715206113136660376
DOI https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/18715206113136660376 |
Print ISSN 1871-5206 |
Publisher Name Bentham Science Publisher |
Online ISSN 1875-5992 |
Call for Papers in Thematic Issues
Induction of cell death in cancer cells by modulating telomerase activity using small molecule drugs
Telomeres are distinctive but short stretches present at the corners of chromosomes and aid in stabilizing chromosomal makeup. Resynthesis of telomeres supported by the activity of reverse transcriptase ribonucleoprotein complex telomerase. There is no any telomerase activity in human somatic cells, but the stem cells and germ cells undergone telomerase ...read more
Role of natural compounds as anti anti-cancer agents
Cancer is considered the leading cause of worldwide mortality, accounting for nearly 10 million deaths in 2022. Cancer outcome can be improved through an appropriate screening and early detection and through an efficient clinical treatment. Chemotherapy remains an important approach in treatment o f several types of cancers, even though ...read more
Signaling and enzymatic modulators in cancer treatment
Cancer accounts for nearly 10 million deaths in 2022 and is considered the leading cause of worldwide mortality. Cancer outcome can be improved through an appropriate screening and early detection and through an efficient clinical treatment. Chemotherapy, radiotherapy and surgery are the most important approach for the treatment of several ...read more
- Author Guidelines
- Graphical Abstracts
- Fabricating and Stating False Information
- Research Misconduct
- Post Publication Discussions and Corrections
- Publishing Ethics and Rectitude
- Increase Visibility of Your Article
- Archiving Policies
- Peer Review Workflow
- Order Your Article Before Print
- Promote Your Article
- Manuscript Transfer Facility
- Editorial Policies
- Allegations from Whistleblowers
Related Articles
-
Formulation and In Vitro Evaluation of Gelatin Nanospheres for the Oral Delivery of Selegiline
Current Nanoscience MicroRNA Regulation of Programmed Cell Death Pathways in Cancer
Current Chemical Biology Molecule of the Month
Current Topics in Medicinal Chemistry Targeted Delivery of Growth Factors by HSV-Mediated Gene Transfer for Peripheral Neuropathy
Current Gene Therapy Antidiabetic Effect of Polyphenolic Extracts from Selected Edible Plants as α-Amylase, α -Glucosidase and PTP1B Inhibitors, and β Pancreatic Cells Cytoprotective Agents - A Comparative Study
Current Topics in Medicinal Chemistry SHP-1 in Cell-Cycle Regulation
Anti-Cancer Agents in Medicinal Chemistry Antibacterial Properties of Graphene Based Nanomaterials: An Emphasis on Molecular Mechanisms, Surface Engineering and Size of Sheets
Mini-Reviews in Organic Chemistry Ceramic Nanoparticles: Fabrication Methods and Applications in Drug Delivery
Current Pharmaceutical Design Liposomes as Vehicles for Enhancing Drug Delivery Via Skin Routes
Current Nanoscience Solid Lipid Nanoparticles: A Promising Nanomaterial in Drug Delivery
Current Pharmaceutical Design A Review of Ground Glass Opacity Detection Methods in Lung CT Images
Current Medical Imaging Pharmacological Control of Autophagy: Therapeutic Perspectives in Inflammatory Bowel Disease and Colorectal Cancer
Current Pharmaceutical Design Local Gene Delivery for Cancer Therapy
Current Gene Therapy Compartmentalized Platforms for Neuro-Pharmacological Research
Current Neuropharmacology Transition Metal Based Anticancer Drugs
Current Topics in Medicinal Chemistry Gastrointestinal Non Colorectal Cancer. Do Elderly Patients Need a Specific Management?
Anti-Cancer Agents in Medicinal Chemistry Identifying Biomarkers of Lung Cancer in the Post-Genomic Era
Current Pharmacogenomics Thyroid Ultrasound and Other Imaging Procedures in the Pediatric Age
Current Pediatric Reviews Adopting Network Pharmacology for Cancer Drug Discovery
Current Drug Discovery Technologies Experimental Therapy for Lung Cancer: Umbilical Cord-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cell-Mediated Interleukin-24 Delivery
Current Cancer Drug Targets