Fluorescent Probes for the Detection of Hydrogen Peroxide in Biological Systems

Yahu      A. Liu; Xuebin      Liao

Abstract

Reactive oxygen species (ROS), such as hydrogen peroxide (H₂O₂), are important byproducts of oxygen metabolites. They are essential to life, but become highly harmful in case of exhaustion of antioxidants, causing oxidative stress through the oxidation of biomolecules. Sensitive and selective tools are needed to study H₂O₂ in living systems owing to its reactive and transient nature. The fluorescent H₂O₂ probes are powerful tools due to their high sensitivity, simplicity in data collection, and high spatial resolution in microscopic imaging techniques. This review focuses on the remarkable progress achieved in this field in the last few years.

Keywords: Molecular imaging, Reactive oxygen species (ROS), Hydrogen peroxide (H₂O₂), Fluorescent probe, Boronate probe, Diboronate probe, Monoboronate probe, Ratiometric boronate probe, Non-Boronate probe, Metal complex probe, Reversible Probe, Polymeric probe, Nanoparticle-based probe, Nanoprobe