Abstract
With improved and highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) the average life span of HIV infected individuals has increased tremendously. HIV infections can now be managed with HAART for years making it a chronic disease much in line with others like diabetes or high blood pressure. However the increasing use of HAART therapy for HIV management has also revealed a growing concern for the side effects associated with this treatment regimen. The two groups of drugs currently at the forefront of HAART therapy namely Nucleoside Reverse Transcriptase inhibitors (NRTI) and Protease inhibitors (PI) are known to induce toxicities that lead to cardiovascular complications. While NRTIs are known to directly affect cardiac cells via their effect on mitochondria; the PIs have more indirect effects through alteration of lipid metabolism leading to dyslipidemia, a predisposing factor for atherosclerosis and heart disease. In this review, we provide a summary of the mechanism of cardiovascular complications that are associated with HIV infection as well as long term treatment with HAART.
Keywords: Adverse events, cardiovascular disease, drug toxicity, dyslipidemia, HAART, HIV, infectious diseases, mitochondria, protease inhibitors, reverse transcriptase inhibitors, virus
Cardiovascular & Hematological Agents in Medicinal Chemistry
Title:Cardiovascular Complications of HIV Infection and Treatment
Volume: 11 Issue: 1
Author(s): Himanshu Garg, Anjali Joshi and Debabrata Mukherjee
Affiliation:
Keywords: Adverse events, cardiovascular disease, drug toxicity, dyslipidemia, HAART, HIV, infectious diseases, mitochondria, protease inhibitors, reverse transcriptase inhibitors, virus
Abstract: With improved and highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) the average life span of HIV infected individuals has increased tremendously. HIV infections can now be managed with HAART for years making it a chronic disease much in line with others like diabetes or high blood pressure. However the increasing use of HAART therapy for HIV management has also revealed a growing concern for the side effects associated with this treatment regimen. The two groups of drugs currently at the forefront of HAART therapy namely Nucleoside Reverse Transcriptase inhibitors (NRTI) and Protease inhibitors (PI) are known to induce toxicities that lead to cardiovascular complications. While NRTIs are known to directly affect cardiac cells via their effect on mitochondria; the PIs have more indirect effects through alteration of lipid metabolism leading to dyslipidemia, a predisposing factor for atherosclerosis and heart disease. In this review, we provide a summary of the mechanism of cardiovascular complications that are associated with HIV infection as well as long term treatment with HAART.
Export Options
About this article
Cite this article as:
Garg Himanshu, Joshi Anjali and Mukherjee Debabrata, Cardiovascular Complications of HIV Infection and Treatment, Cardiovascular & Hematological Agents in Medicinal Chemistry 2013; 11 (1) . https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1871525711311010010
DOI https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1871525711311010010 |
Print ISSN 1871-5257 |
Publisher Name Bentham Science Publisher |
Online ISSN 1875-6182 |
Call for Papers in Thematic Issues
Medicinal Plants with Beneficial Properties on Diabetes and Hypertension
Diabetes and hypertension are real scourges of the 21st century. It is imperative to act in order to find innovative solutions to this problem. Taking medications such as hypoglycemic and antihypertensive drugs may aggravate certain underlying comorbidities, such as chronic kidney disease and cardiovascular disease. This significant drawback therefore requires ...read more
- Author Guidelines
- Graphical Abstracts
- Fabricating and Stating False Information
- Research Misconduct
- Post Publication Discussions and Corrections
- Publishing Ethics and Rectitude
- Increase Visibility of Your Article
- Archiving Policies
- Peer Review Workflow
- Order Your Article Before Print
- Promote Your Article
- Manuscript Transfer Facility
- Editorial Policies
- Allegations from Whistleblowers
Related Articles
-
The Coronary Circulation in Cyanotic Congenital Heart Disease
Current Cardiology Reviews Anabolic Androgenic Steroid (AAS) Related Deaths: Autoptic, Histopathological and Toxicological Findings
Current Neuropharmacology Hyperglycaemia and Vitamin D: A Systematic Overview
Current Diabetes Reviews Omega-3 Fatty Acids Supplementation in Psychiatric Disorders: A Systematic Review
Current Psychopharmacology SHP-2 Regulates Growth Factor Dependent Vascular Signalling and Function
Mini-Reviews in Medicinal Chemistry The Properties of Poly(3-hydroxybutyrate-co-3-hydroxyhexanoate) and its Applications in Tissue Engineering
Current Stem Cell Research & Therapy Redox State, Oxidative Stress, and Molecular Mechanisms of Protective and Toxic Effects of Bilirubin on Cells
Current Pharmaceutical Design Innovative Strategy in Treating Angina Pectoris with Chinese Patent Medicines by Promoting Blood Circulation and Removing Blood Stasis: Experience from Combination Therapy in Chinese Medicine
Current Vascular Pharmacology Revision on Renal Sympathetic Ablation in the Treatment of Resistant Hypertension
Current Hypertension Reviews A1 Receptors Ligands: Past, Present and Future Trends
Current Topics in Medicinal Chemistry The Effect of Sex and Gender on Diabetic Complications
Current Diabetes Reviews Prostacyclin, Atherothrombosis and Diabetes Mellitus: Physiologic and Clinical Considerations
Current Molecular Medicine MicroRNAs Determining Inflammation as Novel Biomarkers and Potential Therapeutic Targets
Current Medicinal Chemistry Sex-Related Differences in QTc Effects Potential of Drugs
Reviews on Recent Clinical Trials Subject Index to Volume 10
Current Pharmaceutical Design Adolescent Asthma Management
Current Pediatric Reviews Antibacterial Activities of Flavonoids: Structure-Activity Relationship and Mechanism
Current Medicinal Chemistry Insulin Resistance and Endothelial Dysfunction: A Mutual Relationship in Cardiometabolic Risk
Current Pharmaceutical Design Retraction Note: Phytochemicals from Plants to Combat Cardiovascular Disease
Current Medicinal Chemistry Pharmacotherapy in Neonatal and Pediatric Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation (ECMO)
Current Drug Metabolism