Abstract
Cocaine belongs to the group of psychostimulants and together with amphetamines has been recognized as one of the most significant examples of drug abuse. Cocaine abuse is due to intense feelings of euphoria, friendliness, empathy, and hyperactivity, which result from its potent inhibitory effects on presynaptic dopamine and noradrenaline re-uptake. Misuse of cocaine can induce severe toxic effects, including neurotoxicity, cardiotoxicity, hepatotoxicity. There are a number of data, both experimental and clinical, regarding its hepatotoxic effects, associated with lipid peroxidation-induced oxidative damage. The oxidative metabolism of cocaine to reactive oxygen species (ROS) like nitrogen peroxide and superoxide anion radicals are thought to be responsible for the cocaine associated liver injury. This review summarizes the present information on cocaine hepatic biotransformation and the possible role of its oxidative metabolism in cocaine-induced hepatic injury.
Keywords: Cocaine hepatotoxicity, oxidative stress, lipid peroxidation, antioxidant defence, psychostimulants, amphetamines, drug abuse, Cocaine abuse, intense feelings of euphoria, hyperactivity
Current Medicinal Chemistry
Title:Cocaine Toxicity and Hepatic Oxidative Stress
Volume: 19 Issue: 33
Author(s): V. Vitcheva
Affiliation:
Keywords: Cocaine hepatotoxicity, oxidative stress, lipid peroxidation, antioxidant defence, psychostimulants, amphetamines, drug abuse, Cocaine abuse, intense feelings of euphoria, hyperactivity
Abstract: Cocaine belongs to the group of psychostimulants and together with amphetamines has been recognized as one of the most significant examples of drug abuse. Cocaine abuse is due to intense feelings of euphoria, friendliness, empathy, and hyperactivity, which result from its potent inhibitory effects on presynaptic dopamine and noradrenaline re-uptake. Misuse of cocaine can induce severe toxic effects, including neurotoxicity, cardiotoxicity, hepatotoxicity. There are a number of data, both experimental and clinical, regarding its hepatotoxic effects, associated with lipid peroxidation-induced oxidative damage. The oxidative metabolism of cocaine to reactive oxygen species (ROS) like nitrogen peroxide and superoxide anion radicals are thought to be responsible for the cocaine associated liver injury. This review summarizes the present information on cocaine hepatic biotransformation and the possible role of its oxidative metabolism in cocaine-induced hepatic injury.
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Cite this article as:
Vitcheva V., Cocaine Toxicity and Hepatic Oxidative Stress, Current Medicinal Chemistry 2012; 19 (33) . https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/092986712803988929
DOI https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/092986712803988929 |
Print ISSN 0929-8673 |
Publisher Name Bentham Science Publisher |
Online ISSN 1875-533X |
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