Abstract
Chalcones are the principal precursors for the biosynthesis of flavonoids and isoflavonoids. A three carbon α, β-unsaturated carbonyl system constitutes chalcones. Chalcones are the condensation products of aromatic aldehyde with acetophenones in attendance of catalyst. They go through an assortment of chemical reactions and are found advantageous in synthesis of pyrazoline, isoxazole and a variety of heterocyclic compounds. In synthesizing a range of therapeutic compounds, chalcones impart key role. They have showed worth mentioning therapeutic efficacy for the treatment of various diseases. Chalcone based derivatives have gained heed since they own simple structures, and diverse pharmacological actions. A lot of methods and schemes have been reported for the synthesis of these compounds. Amongst all, Aldol condensation and Claisen-Schmidt condensation still grasp high up position. Other distinguished techniques include Suzuki reaction, Witting reaction, Friedel-Crafts acylation with cinnamoyl chloride, Photo-Fries rearrangement of phenyl cinnamates etc. These inventive techniques utilize various catalysts and reagents including SOCl2 natural phosphate, lithium nitrate, amino grafted zeolites, zinc oxide, water, Na2CO3, PEG400, silicasulfuric acid, ZrCl4 and ionic liquid etc. The development of better techniques for the synthesis of α, β- unsaturated carbonyl compounds is still in high demand. In brief, we have explained the methods and catalysts used in the synthesis of chalcones along with their biological activities in a review form to provide information for the development of new-fangled processes targeting better yield, less reaction time and least side effects with utmost pharmacological properties.
Keywords: Chalcones, Claisen-Schmidt condensation, flavonoids, anticancer, Anti-inflammatory
Mini-Reviews in Medicinal Chemistry
Title:Synthesis and Biological Evaluation of Chalcone Derivatives (Mini Review)
Volume: 12 Issue: 13
Author(s): Syed Nasir Abbas Bukhari, Malina Jasamai and Ibrahim Jantan
Affiliation:
Keywords: Chalcones, Claisen-Schmidt condensation, flavonoids, anticancer, Anti-inflammatory
Abstract: Chalcones are the principal precursors for the biosynthesis of flavonoids and isoflavonoids. A three carbon α, β-unsaturated carbonyl system constitutes chalcones. Chalcones are the condensation products of aromatic aldehyde with acetophenones in attendance of catalyst. They go through an assortment of chemical reactions and are found advantageous in synthesis of pyrazoline, isoxazole and a variety of heterocyclic compounds. In synthesizing a range of therapeutic compounds, chalcones impart key role. They have showed worth mentioning therapeutic efficacy for the treatment of various diseases. Chalcone based derivatives have gained heed since they own simple structures, and diverse pharmacological actions. A lot of methods and schemes have been reported for the synthesis of these compounds. Amongst all, Aldol condensation and Claisen-Schmidt condensation still grasp high up position. Other distinguished techniques include Suzuki reaction, Witting reaction, Friedel-Crafts acylation with cinnamoyl chloride, Photo-Fries rearrangement of phenyl cinnamates etc. These inventive techniques utilize various catalysts and reagents including SOCl2 natural phosphate, lithium nitrate, amino grafted zeolites, zinc oxide, water, Na2CO3, PEG400, silicasulfuric acid, ZrCl4 and ionic liquid etc. The development of better techniques for the synthesis of α, β- unsaturated carbonyl compounds is still in high demand. In brief, we have explained the methods and catalysts used in the synthesis of chalcones along with their biological activities in a review form to provide information for the development of new-fangled processes targeting better yield, less reaction time and least side effects with utmost pharmacological properties.
Export Options
About this article
Cite this article as:
Nasir Abbas Bukhari Syed, Jasamai Malina and Jantan Ibrahim, Synthesis and Biological Evaluation of Chalcone Derivatives (Mini Review), Mini-Reviews in Medicinal Chemistry 2012; 12 (13) . https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/13895575112091394
DOI https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/13895575112091394 |
Print ISSN 1389-5575 |
Publisher Name Bentham Science Publisher |
Online ISSN 1875-5607 |
Call for Papers in Thematic Issues
Bioprospecting of Natural Products as Sources of New Multitarget Therapies
According to the Convention on Biological Diversity, bioprospecting is the exploration of biodiversity and indigenous knowledge to develop commercially valuable products for pharmaceutical and other applications. Bioprospecting involves searching for useful organic compounds in plants, fungi, marine organisms, and microorganisms. Natural products traditionally constituted the primary source of more than ...read more
Computational Frontiers in Medicinal Chemistry
The thematic issue "Computational Frontiers in Medicinal Chemistry" provides a robust platform for delving into state-of-the-art computational methodologies and technologies that significantly propel advancements in medicinal chemistry. This edition seeks to amalgamate top-tier reviews spotlighting the latest trends and breakthroughs in the fusion of computational approaches, including artificial intelligence (AI) ...read more
Mitochondria as a Therapeutic Target in Metabolic Disorders
Mitochondria are the primary site of adenosine triphosphate (ATP) production in mammalian cells. Moreover, these organelles are an important source of reactive oxygen and nitrogen species in virtually any nucleated cell type. The modulation of a myriad of cellular signaling pathways depends on the mitochondrial physiology. Mitochondrial dysfunction is observed ...read more
Natural Products and Dietary Supplements in Alleviation of Metabolic, Cardiovascular, and Neurological Disorders
Metabolic disorders like diabetes, obesity, inflammation, oxidative stress, cancer etc, cardiovascular disorders like angina, myocardial infarction, congestive heart failure etc as well as neurological disorders like Alzheimer?s, Parkinson?s, Epilepsy, Depression, etc are the global burden. They covered the major segment of the diseases and disorders from which the human community ...read more
- Author Guidelines
- Graphical Abstracts
- Fabricating and Stating False Information
- Research Misconduct
- Post Publication Discussions and Corrections
- Publishing Ethics and Rectitude
- Increase Visibility of Your Article
- Archiving Policies
- Peer Review Workflow
- Order Your Article Before Print
- Promote Your Article
- Manuscript Transfer Facility
- Editorial Policies
- Allegations from Whistleblowers
Related Articles
-
Assessment of miR-212 and Other Biomarkers in the Diagnosis and Treatment of HBV-infection-related Liver Diseases
Current Drug Metabolism An Update on Extemporaneous Preparation of Radiopharmaceuticals Using Freeze-Dried Cold Kits
Mini-Reviews in Medicinal Chemistry Synergistic Effects of Social Isolation and Morphine Addiction on Reduced Neurogenesis and BDNF Levels and the Resultant Deficits in Cognition and Emotional State in Male Rats
Current Molecular Pharmacology Selective Chemokine Receptor-Targeted Depletion of Pathological Cells as A Therapeutic Strategy for Inflammatory, Allergic and Autoimmune Diseases
Recent Patents on Inflammation & Allergy Drug Discovery Breast Cancer: Understanding Sensitivity and Resistance to Chemotherapy and Targeted Therapies to Aid in Personalised Medicine
Current Cancer Drug Targets Epigenetic Alterations of the Wnt/β -Catenin Pathway in Human Disease
Endocrine, Metabolic & Immune Disorders - Drug Targets Plumbagin: A Potential Anti-cancer Compound
Mini-Reviews in Medicinal Chemistry Outlook on Epigenetic Therapeutic Approaches for Treatment of Gastric Cancer
Current Cancer Drug Targets Noxa: Role in Cancer Pathogenesis and Treatment
Current Cancer Drug Targets The Mevalonate Pathway as a Therapeutic Target in the Ph-Negative Chronic Myeloproliferative Disorders
Current Drug Targets Advances in Interleukin-12 Gene Therapy for Acquired Liver Diseases
Current Gene Therapy Synthesis and Antiproliferative Assay of Norcantharidin Derivatives in Cancer Cells
Medicinal Chemistry The Potency of Refined Mouse Models: Implications for Clinical Trials
Current Cancer Therapy Reviews Hematological Targets of Radiation Damage
Current Drug Targets Second Generation Proteasome Inhibitors: Carfilzomib and Immunoproteasome-Specific Inhibitors (IPSIs)
Current Cancer Drug Targets Nutrition in Infancy
Current Pediatric Reviews From Leflunomide to Teriflunomide: Drug Development and Immunosuppressive Oral Drugs in the Treatment of Multiple Sclerosis
Current Neuropharmacology Huntingtons Disease: New Frontiers for Molecular and Cell Therapy
Current Drug Targets HDAC Inhibitors as Novel Anti-Cancer Therapeutics
Recent Patents on Anti-Cancer Drug Discovery Troika of the Mouse Blastocyst: Lineage Segregation and Stem Cells
Current Stem Cell Research & Therapy