Abstract
Several drugs may have a number of adverse reactions (ADRs) involving the oro-facial region. The dose of the drug and the time required for the reaction to take place are relevant parameters; nonetheless, ADRs mechanisms are not always known and ADRs are not always predictable since aspects other than drug pharmacodynamics and/or pharmacokinetics, as well as various interacting variables contribute to the final outcome. All tissues and many functions of the oral cavity can be affected. In particular, salivary function is frequently involved and hypo-salivation is the main manifestation; several mucosal lesions with different morphology (ulcerations, vesiculobullous lesions, white lesions, pigmentations, swelling) are also possible. Taste, sensation and trigeminal function alterations have been reported and the recent evidence regarding the occurrence of jawbones osteonecrosis, especially in bisphosphonates treated patients, is increasing.
Clinical management may be quite difficult due to the multiplicity of involved classes of drugs and substances (dental materials, foods), the variety of affected tissues and functions, the type of produced lesions and disturbances, the complexity of related pathogenetic mechanisms (if known), the difficulties in assessing causality and managing drug withdrawal and/or dose adjustment, as well as in establishing specific treatments, if any.
In this paper the most common and significant oral ADRs, their related aspects and importance (including medico-legal implications) for health care providers will be discussed.
Keywords: Adverse reactions, drugs, oral cavity, medical liability, drug pharmacodynamics, pharmacokinetics, hypo-salivation, mucosal lesions, osteonecrosis, bisphosphonates.
Current Pharmaceutical Design
Title:Adverse Drug Reactions in the Oral Cavity
Volume: 18 Issue: 34
Author(s): Lucio Lo Russo, Laura Guida, Maria Di Masi, Claudio Buccelli, Giovanni Giannatempo, Olga Di Fede, Pierpaolo Di Lorenzo and Lorenzo Lo Muzio
Affiliation:
Keywords: Adverse reactions, drugs, oral cavity, medical liability, drug pharmacodynamics, pharmacokinetics, hypo-salivation, mucosal lesions, osteonecrosis, bisphosphonates.
Abstract: Several drugs may have a number of adverse reactions (ADRs) involving the oro-facial region. The dose of the drug and the time required for the reaction to take place are relevant parameters; nonetheless, ADRs mechanisms are not always known and ADRs are not always predictable since aspects other than drug pharmacodynamics and/or pharmacokinetics, as well as various interacting variables contribute to the final outcome. All tissues and many functions of the oral cavity can be affected. In particular, salivary function is frequently involved and hypo-salivation is the main manifestation; several mucosal lesions with different morphology (ulcerations, vesiculobullous lesions, white lesions, pigmentations, swelling) are also possible. Taste, sensation and trigeminal function alterations have been reported and the recent evidence regarding the occurrence of jawbones osteonecrosis, especially in bisphosphonates treated patients, is increasing.
Clinical management may be quite difficult due to the multiplicity of involved classes of drugs and substances (dental materials, foods), the variety of affected tissues and functions, the type of produced lesions and disturbances, the complexity of related pathogenetic mechanisms (if known), the difficulties in assessing causality and managing drug withdrawal and/or dose adjustment, as well as in establishing specific treatments, if any.
In this paper the most common and significant oral ADRs, their related aspects and importance (including medico-legal implications) for health care providers will be discussed.
Export Options
About this article
Cite this article as:
Lo Russo Lucio, Guida Laura, Di Masi Maria, Buccelli Claudio, Giannatempo Giovanni, Di Fede Olga, Di Lorenzo Pierpaolo and Lo Muzio Lorenzo, Adverse Drug Reactions in the Oral Cavity, Current Pharmaceutical Design 2012; 18 (34) . https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/138161212803307518
DOI https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/138161212803307518 |
Print ISSN 1381-6128 |
Publisher Name Bentham Science Publisher |
Online ISSN 1873-4286 |
Call for Papers in Thematic Issues
"Tuberculosis Prevention, Diagnosis and Drug Discovery"
The Nobel Prize-winning discoveries of Mycobacterium tuberculosis and streptomycin have enabled an appropriate diagnosis and an effective treatment of tuberculosis (TB). Since then, many newer diagnosis methods and drugs have been saving millions of lives. Despite advances in the past, TB is still a leading cause of infectious disease mortality ...read more
Current Pharmaceutical challenges in the treatment and diagnosis of neurological dysfunctions
Neurological dysfunctions (MND, ALS, MS, PD, AD, HD, ALS, Autism, OCD etc..) present significant challenges in both diagnosis and treatment, often necessitating innovative approaches and therapeutic interventions. This thematic issue aims to explore the current pharmaceutical landscape surrounding neurological disorders, shedding light on the challenges faced by researchers, clinicians, and ...read more
Emerging and re-emerging diseases
Faced with a possible endemic situation of COVID-19, the world has experienced two important phenomena, the emergence of new infectious diseases and/or the resurgence of previously eradicated infectious diseases. Furthermore, the geographic distribution of such diseases has also undergone changes. This context, in turn, may have a strong relationship with ...read more
Melanoma and Non-Melanoma Skin Cancer Treatment: Standard of Care and Recent Advances
In this thematic issue, we aim to provide a standard of care of the diagnosis and treatment of melanoma and non-melanoma skin cancer. The editor will invite authors from different countries who will write review articles of melanoma and non-melanoma skin cancers. The Diagnosis, Staging, Surgical Treatment, Non-Surgical Treatment all ...read more
- Author Guidelines
- Graphical Abstracts
- Fabricating and Stating False Information
- Research Misconduct
- Post Publication Discussions and Corrections
- Publishing Ethics and Rectitude
- Increase Visibility of Your Article
- Archiving Policies
- Peer Review Workflow
- Order Your Article Before Print
- Promote Your Article
- Manuscript Transfer Facility
- Editorial Policies
- Allegations from Whistleblowers
- Announcements
Related Articles
-
Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors: Mechanisms of Action and Implications In Anesthesia Practice
Current Pharmaceutical Design Seasonal Allergic Rhinitis
Recent Patents on Inflammation & Allergy Drug Discovery Chemotherapy and Targeted Agents for Elderly Women with Advanced Breast Cancer
Recent Patents on Anti-Cancer Drug Discovery New Ways of Detecting ADRs in Neonates and Children
Current Pharmaceutical Design Immunotoxicity and Immunogenicity of Biopharmaceuticals: Design Concepts and Safety Assessment
Current Drug Safety Anabolic-androgenic Steroid use and Psychopathology in Athletes. A Systematic Review
Current Neuropharmacology Emerging Biologics in the Treatment of Inflammatory Bowel Disease: What is Around the Corner?
Current Drug Targets Efficacy and Safety of Nonopioid Analgesics in Perioperative Pain Control
Current Drug Safety The Role of Anti-Inflammatory Drugs in Respiratory Diseases - Pirfenidone, Penicillamine, Chloroquine and Chlorambucil
Current Respiratory Medicine Reviews Multiple Drug Intolerance Syndrome: An Underreported Distinct Clinical Entity
Current Clinical Pharmacology The Effect of SEX/Gender on Cardiovascular Pharmacology
Current Pharmaceutical Design Conventional and Non-Conventional Targets of Natural Products in the Management of Diabetes Mellitus and Associated Complications
Current Medicinal Chemistry Endothelin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors
Current Enzyme Inhibition Effects of ACE-Inhibitors and Angiotensin Receptor Blockers on Inflammation
Current Pharmaceutical Design Medication-Induced Acute Abdominal Pain: Evaluation with CT Imaging
Current Medical Imaging Non-glycemic Adverse Effects of Insulin
Current Diabetes Reviews Systematic Review on Infusion Reactions Associated with Chemotherapies and Monoclonal Antibodies for Metastatic Colorectal Cancer
Current Clinical Pharmacology Use of Alternative Antiplatelet Agents for Clopidogrel Hypersensitivity
Current Vascular Pharmacology Safety and Efficacy of Aliskiren in the Treatment of Hypertension and Associated Clinical Conditions
Current Drug Safety Histamine and Histamine Receptor Antagonists in Cancer Biology
Inflammation & Allergy - Drug Targets (Discontinued)