Abstract
Limb trauma can lead to the development of a complex regional pain syndrome (CRPS). CRPS is a descriptive term of a variety of different symptoms. According to the current IASP-approved criteria, human CRPS can be diagnosed if a combination of signs is present: continuing pain and hyperalgesia, disproportionate to the initial trauma, skin temperature and colour asymmetry, sweating asymmetry, edema, decreased range of motion, and trophic changes. The diagnosis and treatment of human CRPS can be demanding and the pathophysiology underlying the disease is still under investigation. Immunological aspects are considered to play an important role in the development of CRPS. The impact of elevated pro-inflammatory cytokines systemically as well as locally, increased neurogenic inflammation and auto-antibodies in the pathophysiological development of CRPS are discussed in this review.
Keywords: CRPS, cytokines, neuropeptides, autoimmunity, Limb trauma, pain, hyperalgesia, trauma, sweating, edema.
Current Pharmaceutical Design
Title:Immunological Aspects of the Complex Regional Pain Syndrome (CRPS)
Volume: 18 Issue: 29
Author(s): Heidrun H. Kramer
Affiliation:
Keywords: CRPS, cytokines, neuropeptides, autoimmunity, Limb trauma, pain, hyperalgesia, trauma, sweating, edema.
Abstract: Limb trauma can lead to the development of a complex regional pain syndrome (CRPS). CRPS is a descriptive term of a variety of different symptoms. According to the current IASP-approved criteria, human CRPS can be diagnosed if a combination of signs is present: continuing pain and hyperalgesia, disproportionate to the initial trauma, skin temperature and colour asymmetry, sweating asymmetry, edema, decreased range of motion, and trophic changes. The diagnosis and treatment of human CRPS can be demanding and the pathophysiology underlying the disease is still under investigation. Immunological aspects are considered to play an important role in the development of CRPS. The impact of elevated pro-inflammatory cytokines systemically as well as locally, increased neurogenic inflammation and auto-antibodies in the pathophysiological development of CRPS are discussed in this review.
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Cite this article as:
H. Kramer Heidrun, Immunological Aspects of the Complex Regional Pain Syndrome (CRPS), Current Pharmaceutical Design 2012; 18 (29) . https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/138161212802502206
DOI https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/138161212802502206 |
Print ISSN 1381-6128 |
Publisher Name Bentham Science Publisher |
Online ISSN 1873-4286 |
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