Abstract
The synthesis of a series of asymmetrical tertiary alkyl ethers from the etherification of tertiary alkyl alcohols with corresponding alcohols was investigated. Ionic liquids (ILs) with Brønsted acidity, [BsMIm][HSO4] (1-(4-sulfonic acid) butyl-3-methylimidazolium hydrogen sulfate) and [BMIm][HSO4] (1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium hydrogen sulfate), were found to be suitable catalysts for the reactions. Tertiary alkyl ethers including MTBE (methyl tert-butyl ether), ETBE (ethyl tert-butyl ether), IPTBE (isopropyl tert-butyl ether), TAME (tert-amyl methyl ether), and TAEE (tert-amyl ethyl ether) could be produced. Effects of reaction temperature, reaction time, and amount of the catalyst used on the synthesis of the MTBE were investigated. The conversion of TBA (tert-butyl alcohol) and the selectivity of MTBE could reach 69.9 % and 77.4 %, respectively at 393 K as the molar ratio of TBA: Methanol: [BMIm][HSO4] was 20:20:1. The reaction mixture splited into two phases after reaction, and the IL could be separated from the products simply by decantation and could be reused. CO2 could enhance the conversion of TBA and the selectivity of MTBE significantly at suitable pressures.
Keywords: supercritical fluids (SCFs), methyl tert-butylether (MTBE), ethyl tert-butyl ether (IPTBE), tert-amyl methyl ether (TAME), tert-amyl ethyl ether (TAEE)
Call for Papers in Thematic Issues
Advances of Heterocyclic Chemistry with Pesticide Activity
Global food safety and security will continue to be a global concern for the next 50 years and beyond. Plant diseases have had a significant impact on food safety and security throughout the entire food chain, from primary production to consumption. While conventional chemical pesticides have been traditionally used for ...read more
Calculation design of covalent/metal organic framework based catalysts
This research area combines theoretical computation and screening with machine learning for the design of covalent/metal organic framework-based catalysts, bridging the disciplines of organic chemistry, physical chemistry, computational chemistry, materials science, and machine learning. It covers several critical aspects: designing and synthesizing organic catalysts for improved performance, applying computational methods ...read more
Carbohydrates conversion in biofuels and bioproducts
Biomass pretreatment, hydrolysis, and saccharification of carbohydrates, and sugars bioconversion in biofuels and bioproducts within a biorefinery framework. Carbohydrates derived from woody biomass, agricultural wastes, algae, sewage sludge, or any other lignocellulosic feedstock are included in this issue. Simulation, techno-economic analysis, and life cycle analysis of a biorefinery process are ...read more
Catalytic C-H bond activation as a tool for functionalization of heterocycles
The major topic is the functionalization of heterocycles through catalyzed C-H bond activation. The strategies based on C-H activation not only provide straightforward formation of C-C or C-X bonds but, more importantly, allow for the avoidance of pre-functionalization of one or two of the cross-coupling partners. The beneficial impact of ...read more
Related Books
Advances in Organic Synthesis
The Synthetic Methods, Structures, and Properties of the Ca-C σ Bond Organocalcium Containing Compounds
Advances in Organic Synthesis
Chemistry of Bipyrazoles: Synthesis and Applications
Advances in Organic Synthesis
Advanced Nanocatalysis for Organic Synthesis and Electroanalysis
Advances in Organic Synthesis
Advances in Organic Synthesis
4