Abstract
During a progressive HIV-1 infection, the gradual decrease in functional CD4+ Thelper cells leads to immunodeficiency and eventually death in the untreated patient. The virulence role of the lentiviral accessory gene nef was first reported from deletion studies in the macaque model, and research during the past decade has revealed a pluripotent protein capable of multiple points of interference with cellular mechanisms. Importantly, Nef has the capacity to modify the plasma membrane signalling by regulation of receptor / ligand endocytosis as well as to modulate cellular regulation such as apoptosis and lymphocyte activation. This effective defence against an apparent vigorous and specific immune response is crucial for the ability of HIV-1 to persist in the host. Here we review the multitude of functions exerted by Nef and discuss the functional domains of the protein in terms of cellular interaction partners and the effect of nef mutations in the course of AIDS disease progression.
Keywords: hiv-1, immune escape, cellular interactions
Current HIV Research
Title: HIV / SIV Escape from Immune Surveillance: Focus on Nef
Volume: 2 Issue: 2
Author(s): Martin Tolstrup, Lars Ostergaard, Alex L. Laursen, Skou Finn Pedersen and Mogens Duch
Affiliation:
Keywords: hiv-1, immune escape, cellular interactions
Abstract: During a progressive HIV-1 infection, the gradual decrease in functional CD4+ Thelper cells leads to immunodeficiency and eventually death in the untreated patient. The virulence role of the lentiviral accessory gene nef was first reported from deletion studies in the macaque model, and research during the past decade has revealed a pluripotent protein capable of multiple points of interference with cellular mechanisms. Importantly, Nef has the capacity to modify the plasma membrane signalling by regulation of receptor / ligand endocytosis as well as to modulate cellular regulation such as apoptosis and lymphocyte activation. This effective defence against an apparent vigorous and specific immune response is crucial for the ability of HIV-1 to persist in the host. Here we review the multitude of functions exerted by Nef and discuss the functional domains of the protein in terms of cellular interaction partners and the effect of nef mutations in the course of AIDS disease progression.
Export Options
About this article
Cite this article as:
Tolstrup Martin, Ostergaard Lars, Laursen L. Alex, Pedersen Finn Skou and Duch Mogens, HIV / SIV Escape from Immune Surveillance: Focus on Nef, Current HIV Research 2004; 2 (2) . https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1570162043484924
DOI https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1570162043484924 |
Print ISSN 1570-162X |
Publisher Name Bentham Science Publisher |
Online ISSN 1873-4251 |
Call for Papers in Thematic Issues
Management of HIV: Management of HIV: old challenges and new needs
The aim of this thematic issue is to provide the most recent updates regarding the effective management of HIV infection. Antiretroviral therapy (ART) has significantly decreased HIV-related mortality, leading to an enhancement in the quality of life and life expectancy for people living with HIV (PLWH). Despite the numerous advancements ...read more
- Author Guidelines
- Graphical Abstracts
- Fabricating and Stating False Information
- Research Misconduct
- Post Publication Discussions and Corrections
- Publishing Ethics and Rectitude
- Increase Visibility of Your Article
- Archiving Policies
- Peer Review Workflow
- Order Your Article Before Print
- Promote Your Article
- Manuscript Transfer Facility
- Editorial Policies
- Allegations from Whistleblowers
Related Articles
-
Rational Targeting of Peroxisome Proliferating Activated Receptor Subtypes
Current Medicinal Chemistry Processing and Utilization of Palm Date Fruits for Edible Applications
Recent Patents on Food, Nutrition & Agriculture Zebrafish Model in Drug Safety Assessment
Current Pharmaceutical Design P2Y Receptors: Focus on Structural, Pharmacological and Functional Aspects in the Brain
Current Medicinal Chemistry In-silico Studies of Isolated Phytoalkaloid Against Lipoxygenase: Study Based on Possible Correlation
Combinatorial Chemistry & High Throughput Screening A Prognostic Nomogram for Predicting Overall Survival in Pediatric Wilms Tumor Based on an Autophagy-related Gene Signature
Combinatorial Chemistry & High Throughput Screening Fighting Diabetes: Lessons from Xenotransplantation and Nanomedicine
Current Pharmaceutical Design The Role of Growth Hormone, Insulin-Like Growth Factor and Somatostatin in Diabetic Retinopathy
Current Medicinal Chemistry The Role of TGF-β Signaling Regulatory MicroRNAs in the Pathogenesis of Colorectal Cancer
Current Pharmaceutical Design Anti-VEGF Treatment and Response in Age-related Macular Degeneration: Disease’s Susceptibility, Pharmacogenetics and Pharmacokinetics
Current Medicinal Chemistry Advancement in Nanoparticle-based Biosensors for Point-of-care <i>In vitro</i> Diagnostics
Current Topics in Medicinal Chemistry Protein N-Glycosylation in the Baculovirus-Insect Cell System
Current Drug Targets Potential of Gene Therapy for the Treatment of Pituitary Tumors
Current Gene Therapy Systemic and Biophase Bioavailability and Pharmacokinetics of Nanoparticulate Drug Delivery Systems
Current Drug Delivery The Family B1 GPCR: Structural Aspects and Interaction with Accessory Proteins
Current Drug Targets Regulators of the G1 Phase of the Cell Cycle and Neurogenesis
Central Nervous System Agents in Medicinal Chemistry The ERp57/GRp58/1,25D3-MARRS Receptor: Multiple Functional Roles in Diverse Cell Systems
Current Medicinal Chemistry Bioactive Compounds of Aristotelia chilensis Stuntz and their Pharmacological Effects
Current Pharmaceutical Biotechnology Nano/Microtechnology in Biomaterials and Pharmaceutics
Pharmaceutical Nanotechnology Knee Osteoarthritis and Exercise Adherence: A Review
Current Aging Science