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Current Drug Discovery Technologies

Editor-in-Chief

ISSN (Print): 1570-1638
ISSN (Online): 1875-6220

Microarray Analysis Reveals CCL24/Eotaxin-2 as an Effector of the Pathogenetic Effects Induced by HIV-1 Nef

Author(s): Gianna Fiorucci, Eleonora Olivetta, Maria Vincenza Chiantore and Maurizio Federico

Volume 4, Issue 1, 2007

Page: [12 - 23] Pages: 12

DOI: 10.2174/157016307781115502

Price: $65

Abstract

Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-1 Nef is a regulatory protein critically involved in AIDS pathogenesis. We previously demonstrated that extracellular Nef is efficiently internalized by human primary monocyte-derived macrophages (MDMs), thereby activating a number of transcription factors including STATs, MAPKs, IRF-3, and NF-κB. Such an activation state leads to the release of inflammatory factors whose paracrine effects deserve deep consideration. Here, we demonstrate that quiescent CD4 lymphocytes undergo cell activation when cultivated in supernatants from autologous MDMs treated with extracellular wt Nef but not with its counterpart mutated in the 72PxxP75 polyproline domain. Of a pathogenetic relevance, this effect coupled with the sensitization of quiescent CD4 lymphocytes to HIV-1 infection. By microarray assay, we found that the CCL24/eotaxin-2 gene was up-regulated in MDMs treated with wt Nef but not with the 72AxxA75 mutant. In addition, the higher transcription activity correlated with a significant increase of the CCL24/Eotaxin-2 release. Finally, we observed that anti-CCL24/eotaxin-2 antibodies efficiently neutralized the stimulatory effect on CD4 lymphocytes of supernatants from MDMs treated with extracellular Nef. Overall, these data support the idea that CCL24/eotaxin-2 is part of the mechanism of CD4 lymphocyte activation paracrinally induced by Nef.

Keywords: Macrophages, HIV-1, nef, microarray, CCL24/eotaxin-2


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