Abstract
Background: Very little is known about the influence of Highly Active Antiretroviral Therapy (HAART) on the surface expression of CCR5 and CXCR4 with respect to receptor tropism and replication kinetics of autologous HIV strains, during continuous therapy and structured treatment interruption (STI) regimens. Objectives: The main objectives of this study were to assess whether continuous therapy and STI regimens had any modulatory effects on expression of CCR5 and CXCR4 on T lymphocytes. Study Design: We studied 6 patients on continuous HAART, 4 patients on STI and 1 treatment-naïve patient. Sequential peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) samples were analyzed to determine viral replication kinetics, the genotype influencing tropism of the autologous strain, in vitro co-receptor usage patterns in relation to the surface expression of each co-receptor. Results: Our data suggest that predominant CCR5 expression and tropism, during therapy, but significant downmodulation of CXCR4 expression. During the off-therapy phases of STI, CXCR4 expression increased, which correlated with increased CXCR4 tropism of isolates from these time points. In-vitro tropism during therapy was consistent with the HIV-1 V3 genotype, which was characteristic of CCR5 using strains. Conclusions: These results suggest that certain HAART regimens influence the surface expression of CXCR4, which may have profound implications for antiretroviral treatment.
Keywords: HIV, HAART, STI, co-receptor expression, CCR5
Current HIV Research
Title: Evidence for Predominance of CCR5-Using HIV-1 Strains During Highly Active Antiretroviral Therapy
Volume: 5 Issue: 2
Author(s): Yuan Min Wang, Bin Wang, Wayne B. Dyer, Kishen Lachireddy, Ng Kee Peng and Nitin K. Saksena
Affiliation:
Keywords: HIV, HAART, STI, co-receptor expression, CCR5
Abstract: Background: Very little is known about the influence of Highly Active Antiretroviral Therapy (HAART) on the surface expression of CCR5 and CXCR4 with respect to receptor tropism and replication kinetics of autologous HIV strains, during continuous therapy and structured treatment interruption (STI) regimens. Objectives: The main objectives of this study were to assess whether continuous therapy and STI regimens had any modulatory effects on expression of CCR5 and CXCR4 on T lymphocytes. Study Design: We studied 6 patients on continuous HAART, 4 patients on STI and 1 treatment-naïve patient. Sequential peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) samples were analyzed to determine viral replication kinetics, the genotype influencing tropism of the autologous strain, in vitro co-receptor usage patterns in relation to the surface expression of each co-receptor. Results: Our data suggest that predominant CCR5 expression and tropism, during therapy, but significant downmodulation of CXCR4 expression. During the off-therapy phases of STI, CXCR4 expression increased, which correlated with increased CXCR4 tropism of isolates from these time points. In-vitro tropism during therapy was consistent with the HIV-1 V3 genotype, which was characteristic of CCR5 using strains. Conclusions: These results suggest that certain HAART regimens influence the surface expression of CXCR4, which may have profound implications for antiretroviral treatment.
Export Options
About this article
Cite this article as:
Min Wang Yuan, Wang Bin, Dyer B. Wayne, Lachireddy Kishen, Kee Peng Ng and Saksena K. Nitin, Evidence for Predominance of CCR5-Using HIV-1 Strains During Highly Active Antiretroviral Therapy, Current HIV Research 2007; 5 (2) . https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/157016207780077048
DOI https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/157016207780077048 |
Print ISSN 1570-162X |
Publisher Name Bentham Science Publisher |
Online ISSN 1873-4251 |
Call for Papers in Thematic Issues
Management of HIV: Management of HIV: old challenges and new needs
The aim of this thematic issue is to provide the most recent updates regarding the effective management of HIV infection. Antiretroviral therapy (ART) has significantly decreased HIV-related mortality, leading to an enhancement in the quality of life and life expectancy for people living with HIV (PLWH). Despite the numerous advancements ...read more
- Author Guidelines
- Graphical Abstracts
- Fabricating and Stating False Information
- Research Misconduct
- Post Publication Discussions and Corrections
- Publishing Ethics and Rectitude
- Increase Visibility of Your Article
- Archiving Policies
- Peer Review Workflow
- Order Your Article Before Print
- Promote Your Article
- Manuscript Transfer Facility
- Editorial Policies
- Allegations from Whistleblowers
Related Articles
-
In Vivo Anticancer Activity of Methotrexate-loaded Layered Double Hydroxide Nanoparticles
Current Pharmaceutical Design The Roles of Parathyroid Hormone and Calcitonin in Bone Remodeling: Prospects for Novel Therapeutics
Endocrine, Metabolic & Immune Disorders - Drug Targets Back Pain in Children and Adolescents: Etiology, Clinical Approach and Treatment
Current Pediatric Reviews Transition Metal Based Anticancer Drugs
Current Topics in Medicinal Chemistry Circular RNAs and Glioma: Small Molecule with Big Actions
Current Molecular Medicine Vitamin D3 and Vitamin D3 Analogues as an Adjunct to Cancer Chemotherapy and Radiotherapy
Current Medicinal Chemistry - Anti-Cancer Agents Application of Microdialysis in Clinical Pharmacology
Current Clinical Pharmacology Progress in Topical siRNA Delivery Approaches for Skin Disorders
Current Pharmaceutical Design TRAIL-Based Therapeutic Approaches for the Treatment of Pediatric Malignancies
Current Medicinal Chemistry Down-Regulation of DDR1 Induces Apoptosis and Inhibits EMT through Phosphorylation of Pyk2/MKK7 in DU-145 and Lncap-FGC Prostate Cancer Cell Lines
Anti-Cancer Agents in Medicinal Chemistry Drugs of Abuse: Epigenetic Mechanisms in Toxicity and Addiction
Current Medicinal Chemistry A Review of Pharmacological Treatment Options for Lung Cancer: Emphasis on Novel Nanotherapeutics and Associated Toxicity
Current Drug Targets Anticancer Advances of Matrine and Its Derivatives
Current Pharmaceutical Design Targeting the Mitochondrial Electron Transport Chain Complexes for the Induction of Apoptosis and Cancer Treatment
Current Pharmaceutical Biotechnology Application of Selenium Nanoparticles in Localized Drug Targeting for Cancer Therapy
Anti-Cancer Agents in Medicinal Chemistry Novel Targets of Vitamin D Activity in Bone: Action of the Vitamin D Receptor in Osteoblasts, Osteocytes and Osteoclasts
Current Drug Targets Synthesis and Evaluation of Novel Diazaspiro Hydantoins as Potential Anticonvulsants
Central Nervous System Agents in Medicinal Chemistry The Weal and Woe of Costimulation in the Adoptive Therapy of Cancer with Chimeric Antigen Receptor (CAR)-Redirected T Cells
Current Molecular Medicine Mechanisms of Resistance to Photodynamic Therapy
Current Medicinal Chemistry Meet Our Editorial Board Member
Current Cancer Therapy Reviews