Abstract
The recent approval of lidocaine hydrochloride and epinephrine combined iontophoretic patch (Lidosite® Vysteris Inc.) for localized pain treatment by FDA has invigorated the gaining interest in iontophoretic drug delivery systems for the transdermal delivery of drugs. This technique of facilitated movement of ions across a membrane under the influence of an externally applied electric potential difference, is one of the most promising physical skin penetration enhancing method. The rationale behind using this technique is the capability of this method to increase the systemic delivery of high molecular weight compounds with controlled input kinetics and minimum inter-subject variability, which is otherwise achieved only when parentral route of administration is used. Recently, good permeation of larger peptides like insulin has been achieved through this technique in combination with chemical enhancers. This review briefly describes the factors which affect iontophoretic drug delivery and summarizes the studies conducted recently using this technique in order to achieve higher systemic absorption of the drugs having low passive diffusion otherwise. The effect of permeation enhancers (chemical enhancers) on iontophoretic flux of drugs has also been described. Present review also provides an insight into reverse iontophoresis. Various parameters which affect the transdermal absorption of drugs through iontophoresis like drug concentration, polarity of drugs, pH of donor solution, presence of co-ions, ionic strength, electrode polarity etc. have also been reviewed in detail.
Keywords: Iontophoresis, electric current, potential difference, transdermal, permeation enhancers
Current Drug Delivery
Title: Iontophoresis - An Approach for Controlled Drug Delivery: A Review
Volume: 4 Issue: 1
Author(s): Nitin Dixit, Vikas Bali, Sanjula Baboota, Alka Ahuja and Javed Ali
Affiliation:
Keywords: Iontophoresis, electric current, potential difference, transdermal, permeation enhancers
Abstract: The recent approval of lidocaine hydrochloride and epinephrine combined iontophoretic patch (Lidosite® Vysteris Inc.) for localized pain treatment by FDA has invigorated the gaining interest in iontophoretic drug delivery systems for the transdermal delivery of drugs. This technique of facilitated movement of ions across a membrane under the influence of an externally applied electric potential difference, is one of the most promising physical skin penetration enhancing method. The rationale behind using this technique is the capability of this method to increase the systemic delivery of high molecular weight compounds with controlled input kinetics and minimum inter-subject variability, which is otherwise achieved only when parentral route of administration is used. Recently, good permeation of larger peptides like insulin has been achieved through this technique in combination with chemical enhancers. This review briefly describes the factors which affect iontophoretic drug delivery and summarizes the studies conducted recently using this technique in order to achieve higher systemic absorption of the drugs having low passive diffusion otherwise. The effect of permeation enhancers (chemical enhancers) on iontophoretic flux of drugs has also been described. Present review also provides an insight into reverse iontophoresis. Various parameters which affect the transdermal absorption of drugs through iontophoresis like drug concentration, polarity of drugs, pH of donor solution, presence of co-ions, ionic strength, electrode polarity etc. have also been reviewed in detail.
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Cite this article as:
Dixit Nitin, Bali Vikas, Baboota Sanjula, Ahuja Alka and Ali Javed, Iontophoresis - An Approach for Controlled Drug Delivery: A Review, Current Drug Delivery 2007; 4 (1) . https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1567201810704010001
DOI https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1567201810704010001 |
Print ISSN 1567-2018 |
Publisher Name Bentham Science Publisher |
Online ISSN 1875-5704 |
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