Abstract
Degenerative joint diseases (e.g. rheumatoid arthritis or osteoarthritis) represent a major cause of disability and early retirements in the industrialised countries. These diseases affect primarily the cartilage of the larger joints and destroy its macromolecular constituents. Cartilage covers the ends of the bones acting as a weight bearing, low friction, wear resistant tissue. It is known that the composition of cartilage is crucial for its function and forming the complex matrix network: This matrix consists primarily of collagen and acidic polysaccharides (the glycosaminoglycans) that form in combination with proteins the so-called proteoglycans. This review is dedicated to the molecular organization of cartilage and its components in health and disease with the emphasis on the interactions between the individual polymeric components. Therefore, some physico-chemical methods used in cartilage research will be also discussed. The focus will be on methods of nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (NMR) that allow a clear differentiation and characterization of the components of cartilage. It is one aim to prove that besides classical methods of biochemistry, biophysical techniques are also useful to study cartilage structure and function. Both, basic sciences and medical applications will be considered. Finally, future prospects will be provided how modern NMR techniques may help to assess the quality of bioengineered cartilage.
Keywords: Glycosaminoglycan, Hyaluronan, Disease modifying anti-rheumatic drugs, Atomic Force Microscopy, Reactive Oxygen Species, NSAIDS
Current Organic Chemistry
Title: The Molecular Organization of Polymers of Cartilage in Health and Disease
Volume: 10 Issue: 14
Author(s): Jurgen Schiller, Beate Fuchs and Klaus Arnold
Affiliation:
Keywords: Glycosaminoglycan, Hyaluronan, Disease modifying anti-rheumatic drugs, Atomic Force Microscopy, Reactive Oxygen Species, NSAIDS
Abstract: Degenerative joint diseases (e.g. rheumatoid arthritis or osteoarthritis) represent a major cause of disability and early retirements in the industrialised countries. These diseases affect primarily the cartilage of the larger joints and destroy its macromolecular constituents. Cartilage covers the ends of the bones acting as a weight bearing, low friction, wear resistant tissue. It is known that the composition of cartilage is crucial for its function and forming the complex matrix network: This matrix consists primarily of collagen and acidic polysaccharides (the glycosaminoglycans) that form in combination with proteins the so-called proteoglycans. This review is dedicated to the molecular organization of cartilage and its components in health and disease with the emphasis on the interactions between the individual polymeric components. Therefore, some physico-chemical methods used in cartilage research will be also discussed. The focus will be on methods of nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (NMR) that allow a clear differentiation and characterization of the components of cartilage. It is one aim to prove that besides classical methods of biochemistry, biophysical techniques are also useful to study cartilage structure and function. Both, basic sciences and medical applications will be considered. Finally, future prospects will be provided how modern NMR techniques may help to assess the quality of bioengineered cartilage.
Export Options
About this article
Cite this article as:
Schiller Jurgen, Fuchs Beate and Arnold Klaus, The Molecular Organization of Polymers of Cartilage in Health and Disease, Current Organic Chemistry 2006; 10 (14) . https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/138527206778249856
DOI https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/138527206778249856 |
Print ISSN 1385-2728 |
Publisher Name Bentham Science Publisher |
Online ISSN 1875-5348 |
Call for Papers in Thematic Issues
Advances of Heterocyclic Chemistry with Pesticide Activity
Global food safety and security will continue to be a global concern for the next 50 years and beyond. Plant diseases have had a significant impact on food safety and security throughout the entire food chain, from primary production to consumption. While conventional chemical pesticides have been traditionally used for ...read more
Calculation design of covalent/metal organic framework based catalysts
This research area combines theoretical computation and screening with machine learning for the design of covalent/metal organic framework-based catalysts, bridging the disciplines of organic chemistry, physical chemistry, computational chemistry, materials science, and machine learning. It covers several critical aspects: designing and synthesizing organic catalysts for improved performance, applying computational methods ...read more
Carbohydrates conversion in biofuels and bioproducts
Biomass pretreatment, hydrolysis, and saccharification of carbohydrates, and sugars bioconversion in biofuels and bioproducts within a biorefinery framework. Carbohydrates derived from woody biomass, agricultural wastes, algae, sewage sludge, or any other lignocellulosic feedstock are included in this issue. Simulation, techno-economic analysis, and life cycle analysis of a biorefinery process are ...read more
Catalytic C-H bond activation as a tool for functionalization of heterocycles
The major topic is the functionalization of heterocycles through catalyzed C-H bond activation. The strategies based on C-H activation not only provide straightforward formation of C-C or C-X bonds but, more importantly, allow for the avoidance of pre-functionalization of one or two of the cross-coupling partners. The beneficial impact of ...read more
Related Journals
- Author Guidelines
- Graphical Abstracts
- Fabricating and Stating False Information
- Research Misconduct
- Post Publication Discussions and Corrections
- Publishing Ethics and Rectitude
- Increase Visibility of Your Article
- Archiving Policies
- Peer Review Workflow
- Order Your Article Before Print
- Promote Your Article
- Manuscript Transfer Facility
- Editorial Policies
- Allegations from Whistleblowers
- Announcements
Related Articles
-
Association of Mean Platelet Volume with Hypertension in Rheumatoid Arthritis
Inflammation & Allergy - Drug Targets (Discontinued) Malignancy Risk in Systemic Lupus: Recent Research and Ongoing Challenges
Current Rheumatology Reviews Selectivity, Binding Affinity, and Ionization State of Matrix Metalloproteinase Inhibitors
Current Pharmaceutical Design The Economic Translation of Paradigm-Changing Innovation: A Short History of Biotechnology
Technology Transfer and Entrepreneurship (Discontinued) The Non-Canonical IκB Kinases IKKε and TBK1 as Potential Targets for the Development of Novel Therapeutic Drugs
Current Molecular Medicine Interaction of Cyclosporine A and the Renin-Angiotensin System New Perspectives
Current Drug Metabolism Preclinical Profile of Bacopasides From Bacopa monnieri (BM) As An Emerging Class of Therapeutics for Management of Chronic Pains
Current Medicinal Chemistry Folate Receptor Targeted Liposomes
Drug Design Reviews - Online (Discontinued) The Male Abnormal Gene Family 21 (Mab21) Members Regulate Eye Development
Current Molecular Medicine Genetic Polymorphism and Tumor Immunotherapy
Current Pharmacogenomics Can Unconventional Exercise be Helpful in the Treatment, Management and Prevention of Osteosarcopenic Obesity?
Current Aging Science A Review on Expedient Assets of Polymers Employed in Novel Topical Formulation for Successful Treatment of Arthritis
Current Applied Polymer Science Low-Dose Methotrexate (LD-MTX) in Rheumatology Practice - A Most Widely Misunderstood Drug
Current Rheumatology Reviews Failure of Immune Homeostasis - The Consequences of Under and Over Reactivity
Current Drug Targets - Immune, Endocrine & Metabolic Disorders Circulating miR-10a as Predictor of Therapy Response in Rheumatoid Arthritis Patients Treated with Methotrexate
Current Pharmaceutical Biotechnology Benzo[a]pyrene Toxicity and Inflammatory Disease
Current Rheumatology Reviews Pro-Inflammatory Gene Variants in Myocardial Infarction and Longevity: Implications for Pharmacogenomics
Current Pharmaceutical Design A Common Pathway for All Autoimmune Diseases? The Unholy Alliance of Environment, Cell Death and Nucleic Acids
Current Immunology Reviews (Discontinued) Notch Signalling Pathways and Their Importance in the Treatment of Cancers
Current Drug Targets DNA Methylation in Osteoarthritis
Current Genomics