Abstract
Reactive oxygen species (ROS) and free radicals have been implicated in a number of diseases and disorders, and the skin, for its localization, is exposed to a large number of environmental threats. Free radical scavengers and antioxidants have thus been proposed as protective or therapeutic agents against ROS-mediated injuries. Oral treatment with several antioxidants has been reported to provide skin protection against deleterious effects of ultraviolet radiation. Topical delivery of antioxidants has increasingly gained interest and development, especially by offering better targeting to the upper skin layer. However, the topical delivery of antioxidants for dermal action is a challenging research field since the molecules are, in general, susceptible to degradation. The search for a new delivery system that, simultaneously, preserves the antioxidant stability and enhances its deposition on the skin, opened a new chapter in drug delivery design. Nanocarriers have been successful in enhancing the clinical efficiency of several drugs. More recent approaches in modulating through the skin delivery led to the development of specialized nanoparticulated systems. The first part of this article presents a review of the potential of antioxidants as pharmacological agents in ROS related diseases, with a special focus on oxidative stress implicated skin pathologies: ROS formation and natural protection against ROS toxicity, ROS-mediated skin damage and skin protection by antioxidants. In the second part of this work, we present reported formulation strategies for dermal delivery of antioxidants focusing on the nanoparticulated systems developed in recent years.
Keywords: Antioxidants, topical delivery, drug delivery systems, dermal delivery, topical application, antioxidant therapy, reactive oxygen species, skin diseases, skin cancer, antioxidant enzymes, low molecular weight antioxidants, drug carriers, nanoparticulated systems, pharmaceutical technology
Current Drug Delivery
Title: Topical Delivery of Antioxidants
Volume: 8 Issue: 6
Author(s): Andreia Ascenso, Helena Margarida Ribeiro, Helena Cabral Marques and Sandra Simoes
Affiliation:
Keywords: Antioxidants, topical delivery, drug delivery systems, dermal delivery, topical application, antioxidant therapy, reactive oxygen species, skin diseases, skin cancer, antioxidant enzymes, low molecular weight antioxidants, drug carriers, nanoparticulated systems, pharmaceutical technology
Abstract: Reactive oxygen species (ROS) and free radicals have been implicated in a number of diseases and disorders, and the skin, for its localization, is exposed to a large number of environmental threats. Free radical scavengers and antioxidants have thus been proposed as protective or therapeutic agents against ROS-mediated injuries. Oral treatment with several antioxidants has been reported to provide skin protection against deleterious effects of ultraviolet radiation. Topical delivery of antioxidants has increasingly gained interest and development, especially by offering better targeting to the upper skin layer. However, the topical delivery of antioxidants for dermal action is a challenging research field since the molecules are, in general, susceptible to degradation. The search for a new delivery system that, simultaneously, preserves the antioxidant stability and enhances its deposition on the skin, opened a new chapter in drug delivery design. Nanocarriers have been successful in enhancing the clinical efficiency of several drugs. More recent approaches in modulating through the skin delivery led to the development of specialized nanoparticulated systems. The first part of this article presents a review of the potential of antioxidants as pharmacological agents in ROS related diseases, with a special focus on oxidative stress implicated skin pathologies: ROS formation and natural protection against ROS toxicity, ROS-mediated skin damage and skin protection by antioxidants. In the second part of this work, we present reported formulation strategies for dermal delivery of antioxidants focusing on the nanoparticulated systems developed in recent years.
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Cite this article as:
Ascenso Andreia, Margarida Ribeiro Helena, Cabral Marques Helena and Simoes Sandra, Topical Delivery of Antioxidants, Current Drug Delivery 2011; 8 (6) . https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/156720111797635487
DOI https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/156720111797635487 |
Print ISSN 1567-2018 |
Publisher Name Bentham Science Publisher |
Online ISSN 1875-5704 |
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