Abstract
The fate of ionic liquids in soils and sediments is significant for the sustainable application of ILs in industry. We are obliged to understand how these compounds are transformed in (bio-) chemical processes and how long they will persist in the environment. In addition, we must understand how ionic liquids interact in complex systems.
This review analyzes and summarizes the results obtained to date by a significant number of research groups on solution and surface interactions of ionic liquids. Due to the structural similarity of ionic liquids with surfactants, it is possible to determine the interaction mechanism of the ionic liquids, with soils and sediments.
It was found that highly lipophilic ILs possessing long alkyl substituents or large organic anions are expected to interact with soils/sediments organic matter thus being rather immobile. Conversely, the weak lipophilic ILs probably be the most mobile in the soil and water, due to their high water solubility as well as their lower affinity to organic matter. For this reason they are thought to present the greatest threat for ground water contamination.
Keywords: Ionic liquids, environmental fate, sorption, sediments, surface activity, xenobiotics, abiotic environment, electrospray, high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), Micelle formation, L-type isotherm, H-type isotherm, S-type isotherm
Call for Papers in Thematic Issues
Advances of Heterocyclic Chemistry with Pesticide Activity
Global food safety and security will continue to be a global concern for the next 50 years and beyond. Plant diseases have had a significant impact on food safety and security throughout the entire food chain, from primary production to consumption. While conventional chemical pesticides have been traditionally used for ...read more
Calculation design of covalent/metal organic framework based catalysts
This research area combines theoretical computation and screening with machine learning for the design of covalent/metal organic framework-based catalysts, bridging the disciplines of organic chemistry, physical chemistry, computational chemistry, materials science, and machine learning. It covers several critical aspects: designing and synthesizing organic catalysts for improved performance, applying computational methods ...read more
Carbohydrates conversion in biofuels and bioproducts
Biomass pretreatment, hydrolysis, and saccharification of carbohydrates, and sugars bioconversion in biofuels and bioproducts within a biorefinery framework. Carbohydrates derived from woody biomass, agricultural wastes, algae, sewage sludge, or any other lignocellulosic feedstock are included in this issue. Simulation, techno-economic analysis, and life cycle analysis of a biorefinery process are ...read more
Catalytic C-H bond activation as a tool for functionalization of heterocycles
The major topic is the functionalization of heterocycles through catalyzed C-H bond activation. The strategies based on C-H activation not only provide straightforward formation of C-C or C-X bonds but, more importantly, allow for the avoidance of pre-functionalization of one or two of the cross-coupling partners. The beneficial impact of ...read more
Related Books
Advances in Organic Synthesis
The Synthetic Methods, Structures, and Properties of the Ca-C σ Bond Organocalcium Containing Compounds
Advances in Organic Synthesis
Chemistry of Bipyrazoles: Synthesis and Applications
Advances in Organic Synthesis
Advanced Nanocatalysis for Organic Synthesis and Electroanalysis
Advances in Organic Synthesis
Advances in Organic Synthesis
21