Abstract
Superoxide dismutases (SOD) are considered to be antioxidant enzymes. This view came about because its substrate, superoxide, is a free radical; in the era of their discovery, 1960s – 1970s, the general mindset was that free radicals in biology must be damaging. Indeed SOD blunts the cascade of oxidations initiated by superoxide. However in the late 1970s it was observed that cancer cells that have low activity of the mitochondrial form of SOD, MnSOD, grow faster than those with higher activities of MnSOD. These observations indicated that SOD, superoxide, and hydrogen peroxide affected the basic biology of cells and tissues, not just via damaging oxidation reactions. It is now realized that superoxide and hydrogen peroxide are essential for normal cellular and organism function. MnSOD appears to be a central player in the redox biology of cells and tissues.
Keywords: Superoxide dismutase, mitochondria, coenzyme Q, hydrogen peroxide, superoxide, redox environment, hypoxia inducible factor, iron, melanoma cells, reduction, xanthine oxidase, tocopherol, low-flux signaling circuits, hypoxia, histidines
Anti-Cancer Agents in Medicinal Chemistry
Title: Superoxide Dismutase in Redox Biology: The Roles of Superoxide and Hydrogen Peroxide
Volume: 11 Issue: 4
Author(s): Garry R. Buettner
Affiliation:
Keywords: Superoxide dismutase, mitochondria, coenzyme Q, hydrogen peroxide, superoxide, redox environment, hypoxia inducible factor, iron, melanoma cells, reduction, xanthine oxidase, tocopherol, low-flux signaling circuits, hypoxia, histidines
Abstract: Superoxide dismutases (SOD) are considered to be antioxidant enzymes. This view came about because its substrate, superoxide, is a free radical; in the era of their discovery, 1960s – 1970s, the general mindset was that free radicals in biology must be damaging. Indeed SOD blunts the cascade of oxidations initiated by superoxide. However in the late 1970s it was observed that cancer cells that have low activity of the mitochondrial form of SOD, MnSOD, grow faster than those with higher activities of MnSOD. These observations indicated that SOD, superoxide, and hydrogen peroxide affected the basic biology of cells and tissues, not just via damaging oxidation reactions. It is now realized that superoxide and hydrogen peroxide are essential for normal cellular and organism function. MnSOD appears to be a central player in the redox biology of cells and tissues.
Export Options
About this article
Cite this article as:
R. Buettner Garry, Superoxide Dismutase in Redox Biology: The Roles of Superoxide and Hydrogen Peroxide, Anti-Cancer Agents in Medicinal Chemistry 2011; 11 (4) . https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/187152011795677544
DOI https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/187152011795677544 |
Print ISSN 1871-5206 |
Publisher Name Bentham Science Publisher |
Online ISSN 1875-5992 |
Call for Papers in Thematic Issues
Induction of cell death in cancer cells by modulating telomerase activity using small molecule drugs
Telomeres are distinctive but short stretches present at the corners of chromosomes and aid in stabilizing chromosomal makeup. Resynthesis of telomeres supported by the activity of reverse transcriptase ribonucleoprotein complex telomerase. There is no any telomerase activity in human somatic cells, but the stem cells and germ cells undergone telomerase ...read more
Role of natural compounds as anti anti-cancer agents
Cancer is considered the leading cause of worldwide mortality, accounting for nearly 10 million deaths in 2022. Cancer outcome can be improved through an appropriate screening and early detection and through an efficient clinical treatment. Chemotherapy remains an important approach in treatment o f several types of cancers, even though ...read more
Signaling and enzymatic modulators in cancer treatment
Cancer accounts for nearly 10 million deaths in 2022 and is considered the leading cause of worldwide mortality. Cancer outcome can be improved through an appropriate screening and early detection and through an efficient clinical treatment. Chemotherapy, radiotherapy and surgery are the most important approach for the treatment of several ...read more
- Author Guidelines
- Graphical Abstracts
- Fabricating and Stating False Information
- Research Misconduct
- Post Publication Discussions and Corrections
- Publishing Ethics and Rectitude
- Increase Visibility of Your Article
- Archiving Policies
- Peer Review Workflow
- Order Your Article Before Print
- Promote Your Article
- Manuscript Transfer Facility
- Editorial Policies
- Allegations from Whistleblowers
Related Articles
-
Hepatitis C Treatment in Patients with Drug Addiction: Clinical Management of Interferon-Alpha-Associated Psychiatric Side Effects
Current Drug Abuse Reviews Cancer T Cell Immunotherapy with Bispecific Antibodies and Chimeric Antigen Receptors
Recent Patents on Anti-Cancer Drug Discovery Anti-Cancer/Anti-Tumor
Current Bioactive Compounds Therapeutic Applications of Crocus sativus L. (Saffron): A Review
The Natural Products Journal Statins-Mediated Inhibition of Rho GTPases as a Potential Tool in Anti-Tumor Therapy
Mini-Reviews in Medicinal Chemistry Role of Apoptosis and Proinflammatory Cytokines in Influenza Virus Morbidity and Mortality
Anti-Inflammatory & Anti-Allergy Agents in Medicinal Chemistry Pharmacogenetics of Phase I and Phase II Drug Metabolism
Current Pharmaceutical Design Cancer Immunotherapy - Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors in Hepatocellular Carcinoma
Recent Patents on Anti-Cancer Drug Discovery (Phospho)lipid-based Nanosystems for Skin Administration
Current Pharmaceutical Design Recent Advances in the Development of Multi-Kinase Inhibitors
Mini-Reviews in Medicinal Chemistry FoxO Transcription Factors and Regenerative Pathways in Diabetes Mellitus
Current Neurovascular Research Renal and Hepatic Transporter Expression in Type 2 Diabetic Rats
Drug Metabolism Letters Influence of Trishomocubanes on Sigma Receptor Binding of N-(1-Benzylpiperidin- 4-yl)-4-[123I]iodobenzamide In Vivo in the Rat Brain
Medicinal Chemistry Reversible Covalent Binding of Neratinib to Human Serum Albumin In Vitro
Drug Metabolism Letters Chitinases: Biomarkers for Human Diseases
Protein & Peptide Letters Bcl-2 Inhibitors: Emerging Drugs in Cancer Therapy
Current Medicinal Chemistry NADPH Oxidases NOXs and DUOXs as Putative Targets for Cancer Therapy
Anti-Cancer Agents in Medicinal Chemistry Immunotherapy in Bladder Cancer
Current Molecular Pharmacology Anti-cancer Potential of Phyto-alkaloids: A Prospective Review
Current Cancer Therapy Reviews Alpha-Particle Microdosimetry
Current Radiopharmaceuticals