Abstract
Mitochondrial genetics has become an emerging area of research in the field of modern therapeutics. Mitochondrial genome is the source of 13 polypeptides which are components of subunits of complexes of electron transport chain and are used in the generation of ATP by oxidative phosphorylation. Any mutation and/or defects in these mitochondrial genes may cause diseases ranging from neurodegenerative diseases, diabetes mellitus to cancer. In an ideal condition mtDNA should be mutation free. There are various mechanisms for the repair of diseased cell or mitochondrial DNA. Nowadays, nucleic acid based therapeutics has become of interest and represent a new area of research. However, problem consistently encountered is safe and effective delivery of DNA to the mitochondria for therapeutic benefits. There are numerous barriers which are to be surpassed for successful delivery of nucleic acid to the cell interior and ultimately to the mitochondria. For efficient and effective DNA delivery to the mitochondrial matrix, a suitable carrier system is required to be designed and developed. In the present review we have discussed briefly about mitochondrial DNA and related diseases, various barriers encountered in the delivery of DNA, internalization processes, delivery strategies and methods for targeted delivery of DNA to the mitochondria.
Keywords: Mitochondrial DNA, mitochondria targeting, nucleic acid delivery
Current Gene Therapy
Title: Targeted Nucleic Acid Delivery to Mitochondria
Volume: 9 Issue: 6
Author(s): Bhuvaneshwar Vaidya, Neeraj Mishra, Devyani Dube, Shailja Tiwari and Suresh P. Vyas
Affiliation:
Keywords: Mitochondrial DNA, mitochondria targeting, nucleic acid delivery
Abstract: Mitochondrial genetics has become an emerging area of research in the field of modern therapeutics. Mitochondrial genome is the source of 13 polypeptides which are components of subunits of complexes of electron transport chain and are used in the generation of ATP by oxidative phosphorylation. Any mutation and/or defects in these mitochondrial genes may cause diseases ranging from neurodegenerative diseases, diabetes mellitus to cancer. In an ideal condition mtDNA should be mutation free. There are various mechanisms for the repair of diseased cell or mitochondrial DNA. Nowadays, nucleic acid based therapeutics has become of interest and represent a new area of research. However, problem consistently encountered is safe and effective delivery of DNA to the mitochondria for therapeutic benefits. There are numerous barriers which are to be surpassed for successful delivery of nucleic acid to the cell interior and ultimately to the mitochondria. For efficient and effective DNA delivery to the mitochondrial matrix, a suitable carrier system is required to be designed and developed. In the present review we have discussed briefly about mitochondrial DNA and related diseases, various barriers encountered in the delivery of DNA, internalization processes, delivery strategies and methods for targeted delivery of DNA to the mitochondria.
Export Options
About this article
Cite this article as:
Vaidya Bhuvaneshwar, Mishra Neeraj, Dube Devyani, Tiwari Shailja and Vyas P. Suresh, Targeted Nucleic Acid Delivery to Mitochondria, Current Gene Therapy 2009; 9 (6) . https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/156652309790031102
DOI https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/156652309790031102 |
Print ISSN 1566-5232 |
Publisher Name Bentham Science Publisher |
Online ISSN 1875-5631 |
Call for Papers in Thematic Issues
Programmed Cell Death Genes in Oncology: Pioneering Therapeutic and Diagnostic Frontiers (BMS-CGT-2024-HT-45)
Programmed Cell Death (PCD) is recognized as a pivotal biological mechanism with far-reaching effects in the realm of cancer therapy. This complex process encompasses a variety of cell death modalities, including apoptosis, autophagic cell death, pyroptosis, and ferroptosis, each of which contributes to the intricate landscape of cancer development and ...read more
Related Journals
- Author Guidelines
- Graphical Abstracts
- Fabricating and Stating False Information
- Research Misconduct
- Post Publication Discussions and Corrections
- Publishing Ethics and Rectitude
- Increase Visibility of Your Article
- Archiving Policies
- Peer Review Workflow
- Order Your Article Before Print
- Promote Your Article
- Manuscript Transfer Facility
- Editorial Policies
- Allegations from Whistleblowers
- Announcements
Related Articles
-
Ultra-Fast Acting Insulin Analogues
Recent Patents on Endocrine, Metabolic & Immune Drug Discovery Endothelial Dysfunction in Hyperglycemia as a Trigger of Atherosclerosis
Current Diabetes Reviews Comparison between Two Calcium Antagonists: Blood Pressure Reduction and Renal Effects in Hypertensive Patients with Type 2 Diabetes
Immunology, Endocrine & Metabolic Agents in Medicinal Chemistry (Discontinued) Mediterranean Diet, Brain and Muscle: Olive Polyphenols and Resveratrol Protection in Neurodegenerative and Neuromuscular Disorders
Current Medicinal Chemistry Diagnostic Value of Postprandial Triglyceride Testing in Healthy Subjects:A Meta-Analysis
Current Vascular Pharmacology Thiazolidinediones and Cardiovascular Risk — A Question of Balance
Current Cardiology Reviews Endogenous Cardioprotective Agents: Role in Pre and Postconditioning
Current Drug Targets Consequences of Secondary Hyperparathyroidism on Vascular Calcification and Cardiovascular Mortality: Potential Benefit of Calcimimetics
Current Drug Therapy From the Stretcher to the Pharmacys Shelf: Drug Leads from Medically Important Brazilian Venomous Arachnid Species
Inflammation & Allergy - Drug Targets (Discontinued) The Immune System in Space, Including Earth-Based Benefits of Space- Based Research
Current Pharmaceutical Biotechnology Composite Microspheres of Rosin Gum and Ethyl cellulose for Controlled Release of an Anti-diabetic Drug: in-vitro and in-vivo Assessment
Drug Delivery Letters An Insight Into the Anxiolytic Effects of Lignans (Phyllanthin and Hypophyllanthin) and Tannin (Corilagin) Rich Extracts of <i>Phyllanthus amarus</i> : An <i>In-Silico</i> and <i>In-vivo</i> approaches
Combinatorial Chemistry & High Throughput Screening Biological, Geometric and Biomechanical Factors Influencing Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm Rupture Risk: A Comprehensive Review
Recent Patents on Medical Imaging Hypertension and Childhood Obesity: A Whirling Tango. A Review of the Dance Steps
Current Hypertension Reviews Potential Inhibitors of Protein Tyrosine Phosphatase (PTP1B) Enzyme: Promising Target for Type-II Diabetes Mellitus
Current Topics in Medicinal Chemistry Cardiac Tumors: Clinical Perspective and Therapeutic Considerations
Current Drug Targets Sulfur- and Acyl Chain-Dependent Influence of 2-Methoxy-Lysophosphatidylcholine Analogues on β Pancreatic Cells
Current Topics in Medicinal Chemistry New Perspectives of HIV/AIDS Therapy Study
Recent Patents on Anti-Infective Drug Discovery Aldose Reductase, Oxidative Stress and Diabetic Cardiovascular Complications
Cardiovascular & Hematological Agents in Medicinal Chemistry Seaweed Polysaccharides - New Therapeutic Insights Against the Inflammatory Response in Diabetic Nephropathy
Anti-Inflammatory & Anti-Allergy Agents in Medicinal Chemistry