Login Register Cart 0
Generic placeholder image

Adolescent Psychiatry

Editor-in-Chief

ISSN (Print): 2210-6766
ISSN (Online): 2210-6774

Back
Journal Home About Journal Editorial Board Journal Insight Current Issue Volumes/Issues
Subscribe
Research Article

Imagery- and Verbally-Based Brooding Rumination in Adolescence: Differential Associations with Depressive Symptoms

Author(s): Hannah R. Lawrence*, Greg J. Siegle and Rebecca A. Schwartz-Mette

Volume 12, Issue 2, 2022

Published on: 17 May, 2022

Page: [115 - 123] Pages: 9

DOI: 10.2174/2210676612666220415121824

Price: $65

Abstract

Background: Brooding rumination, or perseverative dwelling on negative cognitions, prolongs negative affect and is associated with heightened risk for depressive symptoms. Emerging research suggests that brooding rumination may be associated with more severe depressive symptoms when individuals brood in the form of mental imagery relative to verbal thoughts.

Objective: The present study tested whether rumination was more highly associated with depressive symptom severity when adolescents ruminated in the form of mental imagery compared with verbal thoughts.

Methods: Adolescents (N = 145) were recruited from the community surrounding a public university in the Northeastern United States. Of these adolescents, 136 were retained in analyses based on their reports of engaging in brooding rumination at least some of the time [age range: 13-17 years; M(SD)age = 15.40(1.24) years; 60.29% female, 32.35% male, 4.41% transgender, 2.94% other genders). In this crosssectional study, adolescents reported their trait levels of brooding rumination, whether they tend to ruminate in the form of mental imagery, verbal thought, or both, and completed a measure of depressive symptom severity. Moderated regression analyses were used to test whether the strength of the relation between brooding rumination and depressive symptom severity varied based on rumination style.

Results: Imagery-based brooding rumination occurred in the majority of adolescents, and imagery-based rumination was more highly associated with depressive symptom severity than verbally-based rumination for female adolescents and those adolescents high in trait brooding rumination.

Conclusion: Findings emphasize the potential utility of assessing and intervening on imagery-based rumination.

Keywords: Brooding rumination, depression, mental imagery, verbal thought, adolescents, gender.

Next »
[]
Campos, A. Gender differences in imagery. Pers. Individ. Dif., 2014, 59, 107-111.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.paid.2013.12.010]
[]
Goldwin, M.; Behar, E. Concreteness of idiographic periods of worry and depressive rumination. Cognit. Ther. Res., 2012, 36(6), 840-846.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10608-011-9428-1]
[]
Goldwin, M.; Behar, E.; Sibrava, N. Concreteness of depressive rumination and trauma recall in individuals with elevated trait rumination and/or posttraumatic stress symptoms. Cognit. Ther. Res., 2013, 37(4), 680-689.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10608-012-9507-y]
[]
Burnett Heyes, S.; Lau, J.Y.F.; Holmes, E.A. Mental imagery, emotion and psychopathology across child and adolescent development. Dev. Cogn. Neurosci., 2013, 5, 119-133.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.dcn.2013.02.004] [PMID: 23523985]
[]
Holmes, E.A.; Mathews, A. Mental imagery and emotion: A special relationship? Emotion, 2005, 5(4), 489-497.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/1528-3542.5.4.489] [PMID: 16366752]
[]
Isaac, A.R.; Marks, D.F. Individual differences in mental imagery experience: Developmental changes and specialization. Br. J. Psychol., 1994, 85(Pt 4), 479-500.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.2044-8295.1994.tb02536.x] [PMID: 7812670]
[]
Jose, P.E.; Brown, I. When does the gender difference in rumination begin? Gender and age differences in the use of rumination by adolescents. J. Youth Adolesc., 2008, 37(2), 180-192.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10964-006-9166-y]
[]
Lawrence, H.R.; Haigh, E.A.P.; Siegle, G.J.; Schwartz-Mette, R.A. Visual and verbal rumination: Implications for depression. Cognit. Ther. Res., 2018, 42, 421-435.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10608-018-9890-0]
[]
Lawrence, H.R.; Schwartz-Mette, R.A. Imagery and verbal thought during rumination and distraction: Does imagery amplify affective response? Cogn. Emotion, 2018, 133(5), 1006-1019.
[PMID: 30351187]
[]
Martin, R.E.; Ochsner, K.N. The neuroscience of emotion regulation development: Implications for education. Curr. Opin. Behav. Sci., 2016, 10, 142-148.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cobeha.2016.06.006] [PMID: 27822488]
[]
McLaughlin, K.A.; Borkovec, T.D.; Sibrava, N.J. The effects of worry and rumination on affect states and cognitive activity. Behav. Ther., 2007, 38(1), 23-38.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.beth.2006.03.003] [PMID: 17292692]
[]
Newby, J.M.; Moulds, M.L. A comparison of the content, themes, and features of intrusive memories and rumination in major depressive disorder. Br. J. Clin. Psychol., 2012, 51(2), 197-205.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.2044-8260.2011.02020.x] [PMID: 22574804]
[]
Nolen-Hoeksema, S.; Morrow, J. Effects of rumination and distraction on naturally occurring depressed mood. Cogn. Emotion, 1993, 7(6), 561-570.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/02699939308409206]
[]
Rood, L.; Roelofs, J.; Bögels, S.M.; Arntz, A. The effects of experimentally induced rumination, positive reappraisal, acceptance, and distancing when thinking about a stressful event on affect states in adolescents. J. Abnorm. Child Psychol., 2012, 40(1), 73-84.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10802-011-9544-0] [PMID: 21789520]
[]
Schwartz, J.J.; Koenig, L.J. Response styles & negative affect among adolescents. Cognit. Ther. Res., 1996, 20(1), 13-36.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02229241]
[]
Speckens, A.E.; Ehlers, A.; Hackmann, A.; Ruths, F.A.; Clark, D.M. Intrusive memories and rumination in patients with post-traumatic stress disorder: A phenomenological comparison. Memory, 2007, 15(3), 249-257.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/09658210701256449] [PMID: 17454662]
[]
Treynor, W.; Gonzalez, R.; Nolen-Hoeksema, S. Rumination reconsidered: A psychometric analysis. Cognit. Ther. Res., 2003, 27(3), 247-259.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1023910315561]

Rights & Permissions Print Cite
Article Metrics
44
2
World Health Day
© 2024 Bentham Science Publishers | Privacy Policy