Login Register Cart 0
Generic placeholder image

Current Nutrition & Food Science

Editor-in-Chief

ISSN (Print): 1573-4013
ISSN (Online): 2212-3881

Back
Journal Home About Journal Editorial Board Journal Insight Current Issue Volumes/Issues
Subscribe
Mini-Review Article

Edible Coatings to Enhance Shelf Life of Fruits and Vegetables: A Mini-Review

Author(s): Aswini Murugan, Azeez Thahira Banu* and Duraikkannu Shanthana Lakshmi

Volume 18, Issue 6, 2022

Published on: 21 April, 2022

Page: [525 - 538] Pages: 14

DOI: 10.2174/1573401318666220303161527

Price: $65

Abstract

Recently, edible coatings or films have gained significant importance in fruit and vegetable preservation. This review summarises edible coatings, the classification of coating materials, formulation procedures, and the benefits of active edible coating. Studies reported that edible coating or films from natural resources benefit the consumer as well as the environment. In general, edible coatings or films are a combination of polysaccharides, proteins, lipids, and plasticizers, used to enhance the functional properties and the general quality parameters of fruits and vegetables, such as texture, colour, acidity, total soluble solids, thus preventing their browning and oxidation. Casting (wet process) and extrusion (dry process) are two prominent methods used to fabricate edible thin films. General techniques for applying edible coatings are dipping, spraying, coating, panning, using a fluidized bed, and film wrapping. Active edible coatings or films are developed with herbal extracts to improve the functional properties, i.e., antioxidant and antimicrobial. Therefore, based on the literature review, future research exploration will focus on underutilized edible natural resources, along with some natural edible plasticizers used to improve the postharvest quality of fruits and vegetables without affecting their nutritional, organoleptic, and sensory attributes. The primary objective of the present review was to summarize the different types of edible coatings with an infusion of herbal extracts and their application on fruits and vegetables.

Keywords: Edible coating, casting, extrusion, polysaccharides, thin films, active edible coatings.

« Previous Next »
Graphical Abstract

[1]
Shilpi G, Sabrina C, Gaurav R, et al. Growth inhibition of common food spoilage and pathogenic microorganisms in the presence of brown seaweed extracts. Food Bioprocess Technol 2012; 5(5): 1907-16.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11947-010-0502-6]
[2]
Thahira BA, Sri RP. Effect of seaweed coating on quality characteristics and shelf life of tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum mill). Food Sci Hum Wellness 2020; 9(2): 176-83.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.fshw.2020.03.002]
[3]
Ramakrishna GVS. Influence of pullulan-based edible coatings to enhance post-harvest storage life of tomatoes under ambient conditions. Int J Botany Stud 2020; 5(3): 527-33.
[4]
Skandamis PN, Kapetanakou AE, Manios SG. Application of edible films and coatings on food. In: Boziaris IS, Ed. Novel Food Preservation and Microbial Assessment Techniques. 1st Ed. Boca Raton: CRC Press 2014.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/b16758-11]
[5]
Aguirre-Joya JA, De Leon-Zapata MA, Alvarez-Perez OB, et al. Basic and applied concepts of edible packaging for foods. In: Grumezescu AM, Holban AM, Eds. Food Packaging and Preservation. Cambridge, Massachusetts: Academic Press 2018; pp. 1-60.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-12-811516-9.00001-4]
[6]
Senturk PT, Schmid M, Müller K. Effect of dipping and vacuum impregnation coating techniques with alginate based coating on physical quality parameters of cantaloupe melon. J Food Sci 2018; 83(4): 929-36.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/1750-3841.14091] [PMID: 29524227]
[7]
Kumar N. Polysaccharide-based component and their relevance in edible film/coating: A review. Nutr Food Sci 2019; 49(5): 793-823.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/NFS-10-2018-0294]
[8]
Erkmen O. General characteristics of edible films. Food Biotechnol Res 2018; 2(1): 3.
[9]
Erkmen O, Bozoglu TF. Food microbiology: principles into practice. Chichester, UK: John Wiley and Sons Ltd 2016; p. 458.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781119237860]
[10]
Han JH. Innovation in food packaging Edible films and coatings: a review. London: Academic Press 2014; pp. 213-55.
[11]
Pascall A. The application of edible polymeric film and coating in the food industry. J Food Process Technol 2013; 4: 116.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.4172/2157-7110.1000e116]
[12]
Khaliq G, Mohamed MTM, Ali A, Ding P, Ghazali HM. Effect of gum arabic coating combined with calcium chloride on physico-chemical and qualitative properties of mango (Mangifera indica L.) fruit during low temperature storage. Sci Hortic (Amsterdam) 2015; 190: 187-94.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.scienta.2015.04.020]
[13]
Calderón-Castro A, Vega-García MO, de Jesús Zazueta-Morales J, et al. Effect of extrusion process on the functional properties of high amylose corn starch edible films and its application in mango (Mangifera indica L.) cv. Tommy Atkins. J Food Sci Technol 2018; 55(3): 905-14.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s13197-017-2997-6] [PMID: 29487432]
[14]
Maqbool M, Ali A, Ramachandran S, Smith RD, Alderson GP. Control of post harvest anthracnose of banana using a new edible composite coating. Crop Prot 2010; 29(10): 1136-41.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cropro.2010.06.005]
[15]
Jafarizadeh H, Osman A, Tan PC, Rahman AR. Development of an ediblecoating based on chitosan-glycerol to delay ‘Berangan’ banana (Musa sapientum cv.Berangan) ripening process. Int Food Res J 2011; 18(3): 989-97.
[16]
Lakshmi SM, Abirami SSL, Pushkala R, Srividya N. Enhancement of storage life and quality maintenance of papaya fruit using Aloe vera based antimicrobial coating. Indian J Biotechnol 2011; 10: 83-9.
[17]
Kohli D, Srivastava A, Kumar S, Upadhyay S, Kaur G. Effect of edible coating on quality of fresh cut sliced papaya. Int J Food Sci Nutr 2018; 3(3): 64-6. Available from: www.foodsciencejournal.com
[18]
Silva-Vera W, Zamorano-Riquelme M, Rocco-Orellana C, et al. Study of spray system applications of edible coating suspensions based on hydrocolloids containing cellulose nano fibers on grape surface (Vitis vinifera L.). Food Bioprocess Technol 2018; 11(8): 1575-85.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11947-018-2126-1]
[19]
Menezes J, Athmaselvi KA. Polysaccharide based edible coating on sapota fruit. Int Agrophys 2016; 30(4): 551-7.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/intag-2016-0019]
[20]
Duan J, Wu R, Strik C, Beradine ZY. Effect of edible coatings on the quality of fresh blueberries (Duke and Elliott) under commercial storage conditions. Postharvest Biol Technol 2011; 59(1): 71-9.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.postharvbio.2010.08.006]
[21]
Yan J, Luo Z, Ban Z, et al. The effect of the Layer-By Layer (LBL) edible coating on strawberry quality and metabolites during storage. Postharvest Biol Technol 2019; 147: 29-38.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.postharvbio.2018.09.002]
[22]
Bal E. Influence of chitosan-based coatings with UV irradiation on quality of strawberry fruit during cold storage. TURJAF 2019; 7(2): 275-81.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.24925/turjaf.v7i2.275-281.2252]
[23]
Pinzon MI, Sanchez LT, Garcia OR, Gutierrez RO, Luna JC, Villa CC. Increasing shelf life of strawberries (Fragaria sp.) by using a banana starch chitosan-Aloe vera gel composite edible coating. Int J Food Sci Technol 2020; 55(1): 92-8.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/ijfs.14254]
[24]
Valero D, Díaz-Mula MH, Zapata JPG, Martínez-Romero D, Castillo S, María S. Effect of alginate edible coating on preserving fruit quality in four plum cultivars during postharvest storage. Postharvest Biol Technol 2013; 77: 1-6.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.postharvbio.2012.10.011]
[25]
Sima P. Plum shelf life enhancement by edible coating based on pectin and carboxymethylcellulose. JBES 2015; 7(1): 423-30.
[26]
Moalemiyan M, Ramaswamy HS. Quality retention and shelf-life extension in mediterranean cucumbers coated with a pectin-based film. J Food Res 2012; 1(3): 159.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/jfr.v1n3p159]
[27]
Oluwaseun AC, Arowora K, Fawole O, Adetunji JB, Olagbaju A. Effect of edible coatings of carboxy methyl cellulose and corn starch on cucumber stored at ambient temperature. Asian J Agric Biol 2013; 1(3): 133-40.
[28]
Adetunji CO, Fadiji AE, Aboyeji OO. Effect of chitosan combined aloe vera gel on cucumber (Cucumis sativa L.) post harvest quality during ambient storage. JETEAS 2014; 5(6): 391-7.
[29]
Villafañe F. Edible coatings for carrots. Food Rev Int 2017; 33(1): 84-103.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/87559129.2016.1150291]
[30]
Athmaselvi KA, Sumitha P, Revathy B. Development of Aloe vera based edible coating for tomato. Int Agrophys 2013; 27(4): 369-75.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/intag-2013-0006]
[31]
Dávila-Aviña JE, Villa-Rodríguez JA, Villegas-Ochoa MA, et al. Effect of edible coatings on bioactive compounds and antioxidant capacity of tomatoes at different maturity stages. J Food Sci Technol 2014; 51(10): 2706-12.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s13197-012-0771-3] [PMID: 25328215]
[32]
Andrade RD, Skurtys O, Osorio FA. Atomizing spray systems for application of edible coatings. Compr Rev Food Sci Food Saf 2012; 11(3): 323-37.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1541-4337.2012.00186.x]
[33]
Raghav PK, Agarwal N, Saini M. Edible coating of fruits and vegetables: A review. Int J Sci Res Modern Educ 2016; 1(1): 2455-5630.
[34]
Hassan B, Chatha SAS, Hussain AI, Zia KM, Akhtar N. Recent advances on polysaccharides, lipids and protein based edible films and coatings: A review. Int J Biol Macromol 2018; 109: 1095-107.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2017.11.097] [PMID: 29155200]
[35]
Chen H, Wang J, Cheng Y, et al. Application of protein-based films and coatings for food packaging: A review. Polymers (Basel) 2019; 11(12): 1-32.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym11122039] [PMID: 31835317]
[36]
Fakhouri FM, Costa D, Yamashita F, et al. Comparative study of processing methods for starch/gelatin films. Carbohydr Polym 2013; 95(2): 681-9.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.carbpol.2013.03.027] [PMID: 23648030]
[37]
Silva-Weiss A, Ihl M, Sobral PJA, Go’mez-Guille’n MC, Bifani V. Natural additives in bioactive edible films and coatings: Functionality and applications in foods. Food Eng Rev 2013; 5(4): 200-16.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12393-013-9072-5]
[38]
Jensen A, Lim LT, Barbut S, Marcone M. Development and characterization of soy protein films incorporated with cellulose fibers using a hot surface casting technique. Lebensm Wiss Technol 2015; 60(1): 162-70.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.lwt.2014.09.027]
[39]
Yang J, Juanli Y, Yong H. Recent developments in gel casting of ceramics. J Eur Ceram Soc 2011; 31(14): 2569-91.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jeurceramsoc.2010.12.035]
[40]
Karki S, Hyeongmin K, Seon JN, Dohyun S, Kanghee J, Jaehwi L. Thin films as an emerging platform for drug delivery. Asian J Pharm Sci 2016; 11(5): 559-74.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ajps.2016.05.004]
[41]
Asghari F, Samiei M, Adibkia K, Akbarzadeh A, Davaran S. Biodegradable and biocompatible polymers for tissue engineering application: A review. Artif Cells Nanomed Biotechnol 2017; 45(2): 185-92.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.3109/21691401.2016.1146731] [PMID: 26923861]
[42]
Fitch-Vargas PR, Aguilar-Palazuelos E, de Jesús Zazueta-Morales J, et al. Physicochemical and micro structural characterization of corn starch edible films obtained by a combination of extrusion technology and casting technique. J Food Sci 2016; 81(9): E2224-32.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/1750-3841.13416] [PMID: 27550869]
[43]
Krishna MA, Nindo CI, Min SC. Development of fish gelatin edible films using extrusion and compression molding. J Food Eng 2012; 108(2): 337-44.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jfoodeng.2011.08.002]
[44]
Anukiruthika T, Sethupathy P, Wilson A, Kashampur K, Moses JA, Anandharamakrishnan C. Multilayer packaging: Advances in preparation techniques and emerging food applications. Compr Rev Food Sci Food Saf 2020; 19(3): 1156-86.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/1541-4337.12556] [PMID: 33331690]
[45]
Andreuccetti C, Carvalho RA, Galicia-García T, Martinez-Bustos F, González-Nuñez R, Grosso CRF. Functional properties of gelatin-based films containing Yucca schidigera extract produced via casting, extrusion and blown extrusion processes: A preliminary study. J Food Eng 2012; 113(1): 33-40.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jfoodeng.2012.05.031]
[46]
Sahaa A, Gupta RK, Tyagia YK. Effects of edible coatings on the shelf life and quality of potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) tubers during storage. J Chem Pharm Res 2014; 6(12): 802-9.
[47]
Ali A, Maqbool M, Ramachandran S, Alderson PG. Gum arabic as a novel edible coating for enhancing shelf life and improving postharvest quality of tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) fruit. Postharvest Biol Technol 2010; 58(1): 42-7.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.postharvbio.2010.05.005]
[48]
Yossef MA. Comparison of different edible coatings materials for improvement of quality and shelf life of perishable fruits. MEJAS 2014; 4(2): 416-24.
[49]
Saiful J, Saleha S, Salman S. Preparation and characterization edible film packaging from carrageenan. In: Proceedings of the 3rd Annual International Conference Syiah Kuala University (AIC Unsyiah) 2013 in conjunction with the 2nd International Conference on Multidisciplinary Research (ICMR); 2013 Oct; Banda Aceh, Indonesia.
[50]
Selvadharshini S, Bakshi A. NandhiniDevi G. Development and efficacy comparison of curry leaves incorporated edible film and coating on fresh cut produce. Indian J Sci 2016; 23(82): 482-91.
[51]
Kumar S, Bhatnagar T. Studies to enhance the shelf life of fruits using Aloe vera based herbal coatings: A review. Int J Agric Food Sci Technol 2014; 5(3): 211-8.
[52]
Gatto MA, Ippolito A, Linsalata V, et al. Activity of extracts from wild edible herbs against postharvest fungal diseases of fruit and vegetables. Postharvest Biol Technol 2011; 61(1): 72-82.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.postharvbio.2011.02.005]
[53]
Chauhan S, Gupta KC, Agrawal M. Efficacy of natural extracts on the storage quality of Apple. Int J Curr Microbiol Appl Sci 2014; 3(3): 1-6.
[54]
Padmaja N, John Don Bosco S. Preservation of jujube fruits by edible aloe vera gel coating to maintain quality and safety. Ind J Sci Res and Tech 2014; 2(3): 79-88.
[55]
Kavas N, Kavas G, Saygil D. Use of ginger essential oil-fortified edible coatings in Kashar cheese and its effects on Escherichia coli O157:H7 and Staphylococcus aureus. CYTA J Food 2016; 14(2): 317-23.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/19476337.2015.1109001]
[56]
Saini M, Raghav PK, Agarwal N. Herbal edible coatings of fruits & vegetables: A newer concept. Int J Adv Res (Indore) 2016; 4(6): 1452-8.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.21474/IJAR01/660]
[57]
Jemilakshmi TV, Rakshana L, Krishna Priya SJ, Aishwarya B, Anithaee C. Postharvest quality enhancement of fruits and vegetables using edible coatings: A review. J Crit Rev 2020; 7(7)
[58]
Nasution Z, Ye JNW, Hamzah Y. Characteristics of fresh-cut guava coated with Aloe vera gel as affected by different additives. Witthayasan Kasetsat Witthayasat 2015; 49(1): 111-21.
[59]
Marpudi SL, Abirami LSS, Pushkala R, Srividya N. Enhancement of storage life and quality maintenance of papaya fruits using Aloe vera based antimicrobial coating. Indian J Biotechnol 2011; 10(1): 83-9.
[60]
Ergun M, Satici F. Use of Aloe vera gel as bio-preservative form ‘Granny Smith’ and ‘red Chief’ apples. J Anim Plant Sci 2012; 22(2): 363-8.
[61]
Kumar V, Andola HC, Lohani H, Chauhan N. Pharmacological review on Ocimum sanctum Linnaeus: A queen of herbs. J Pharm Res 2011; 4(2): 366-8.
[62]
Kayastha BL. Queen of herbs tulsi (Ocimum sanctum) removes impurities from water and plays disinfectant role. J Med Plants Stud 2014; 2(2): 1-8.
[63]
Begum N, Paul SK, Prasanna Kumar GV, Sahu JK, Husain SA. Development of tulsi impregnated starch-based edible coating to extend the shelf-life of tomatoes. Pharma Innov J 2017; 6(9): 249-55.
[64]
Deepansh S, Dhanjal DS, Mittal B. Development of edible biofilm containing cinnamon to control food-borne pathogen. J Appl Pharm Sci 2017; 7(1): 160-4.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.7324/JAPS.2017.70122]
[65]
Jakribettu RP, Boloor R, Bhat HP, et al. Ginger (Zingiber officinale Roscoe) oils. In: Preedy VR, Ed. Essential Oils in Food Preservation, Flavor and Safety. Cambridge, Massachusetts: Academic Press 2016.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-12-416641-7.00050-X]
[66]
Vawazola NVH, Arthur DN, Augustin MM, et al. Antibacterial and antiplasmodial potentials of essential oils from two plants of Tangawisi products: Zingiber officinalis Roscoe and Monodora myristica (Gaertn) Dunal. J Pharmacogn Phytochem 2018; 7(1): 643-8.
[67]
Sedyadi E, Kusumawati M, Prabawati SY, Sulistyowati A, Nugraha I. Utilization of ginger extract (Zingiber Officinale) and turmeric extract (Curcuma longa) as edible tomato-packing film. J Phys Conf. 1277(1): 012023.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/1277/1/012023]
[68]
Olmedo RH, Nepote V, Grosso NR. Preservation of sensory and chemical properties in flavoured cheese prepared with cream cheese base using oregano and rosemary essential oils. Lebensm Wiss Technol 2013; 53(2): 409-17.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.lwt.2013.04.007]
[69]
Acevedo-Fani A, Artiga-Artigas M, Martín-Belloso O. Improving the shelf life of low-fat cut cheese using nano emulsion-based edible coatings containing oregano essential oil and mandarin fiber. Food Control 2017; 76: 1-12.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.foodcont.2017.01.001]
[70]
Song Y, Liu L, Shen H, You J, Luo Y. Effect of sodium alginate-based edible coating containing different anti-oxidants on quality and shelf life of refrigerated bream (Megalobrama amblycephala). Food Control 2011; 22(3-4): 608-15.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.foodcont.2010.10.012]
[71]
Xiao C, Zhu LW, Wen L, Song XY, Yun D. Combined action of pure oxygen pre treatment and chitosan coating incorporated with rosemary extracts on the quality of fresh-cut pears. Food Chem 2010; 121(4): 1003-9.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.foodchem.2010.01.038]
[72]
Sharangi AB, Guha S. Wonders of leafy spices: Medicinal properties ensuring Human Health. Sci Int (Lahore) 2013; 1(9): 312-7.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.17311/sciintl.2013.312.317]
[73]
Mohamed A, Mohamed A, Omar AA. A study to find thyme oil dose that kill 50% of mice and minimal dose that kill all mice and maximum nonlethal dose. Nat Sci 2013; 11(12): 52-3.
[74]
Komaki A, Hoseini F, Shahidi S, Baharlouei N. Study of the effect of extract of Thymus vulgaris on anxiety in male rats. J Tradit Complement Med 2015; 6(3): 257-61.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jtcme.2015.01.001] [PMID: 27419090]
[75]
Chiu PE, Lai LS. Antimicrobial activities of tapioca starch/decolorized hsian-tsao leaf gum coatings containing green tea extracts in fruit-based salads, romaine hearts and pork slices. Int J Food Microbiol 2010; 139(1-2): 23-30.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijfoodmicro.2010.01.010] [PMID: 20138382]
[76]
Del Toro-Sánchez C, Ayala-Zavala J, Machi L, et al. Controlled release of antifungal volatiles of thyme essential oil from β-cyclodextrein capsules. J Incl Phenom Macro 2010; 67(3): 431-41.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10847-009-9726-3]
[77]
Keith W. Oregano: Overview of the literature on health benefits. Nutr Today 2010; 45(3): 129-38.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/NT.0b013e3181dec789]
[78]
Nasri H, Sahinfard N, Rafieian M, Rafieian S, Shirzad M, Rafieian-kopaei M. Turmeric: A spice with multifunctional medicinal properties. J Herb Med Pharmacology 2014; 3(1): 5-8.
[79]
Ranade SS, Thiagarajan P. Lemon grass. Int J Pharm Sci Rev Res 2015; 35: 162-7.
[80]
Balakrishnan B, Paramasivam S, Arulkumar A. Evaluation of the lemongrass plant (Cymbopogon citratus) extracted in different solvents for antioxidant and antibacterial activity against human pathogens. Asian Pac J Trop Dis 2014; 4(1): 134-9.
[81]
Moore-Neibel K, Gerber C, Patel J, Friedman M, Ravishankar S. Antimicrobial activity of lemongrass oil against Salmonella enterica on organic leafy greens. J Appl Microbiol 2012; 112(3): 485-92.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2672.2011.05222.x] [PMID: 22188296]
[82]
El-Moneim A, Eman AA. Effect of some natural coating materials on storability and fruit quality of Zaghloul date palm cv. under cold storage. Middle East J Agric Res 2015; 4(3): 602-12.
[83]
Vanitha T, Thammawong M, Umehara H, Nakamura N, Shiina T. Effect of hinokitiol impregnated sheets on shelf life and quality of “KEK‐1” tomatoes during storage. Packag Technol Sci 2019; 32(12): 641-8.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pts.2479]

Rights & Permissions Print Cite
Article Metrics
30
1
© 2024 Bentham Science Publishers | Privacy Policy