Login Register Cart 0
Generic placeholder image

Current Bioactive Compounds

Editor-in-Chief

ISSN (Print): 1573-4072
ISSN (Online): 1875-6646

Back
Journal Home About Journal Editorial Board Journal Insight Current Issue Volumes/Issues
Subscribe
Review Article

A Review on Bioactive Constituents of Essential Oils as Mosquito Repellent

Author(s): Rajat Subhra Dutta*, Supriya Sahu and Bhaskar Mazumder

Volume 18, Issue 5, 2022

Published on: 14 February, 2022

Article ID: e311221199741 Pages: 11

DOI: 10.2174/1573407218666211231124107

Price: $65

Abstract

Currently, the research focus has been on finding new alternatives to synthetic mosquito repellents due to their toxicity. Natural products act as a suitable alternative since plant-based mosquito repellents have been used traditionally due to their low toxicity. Essential oils as mosquito repellent have gained importance due to various functional bioactive constituents. Different formulations of essential oils have been studied from time to time to enhance the stability and protection time. However, the underlying mechanism of repellent activity of the bioactive constituents against specific mosquito species remains unexplored. This review focuses on the various sources of essential oil with their bioactive components and their receptor-based mechanism of action for inducing mosquito repellency against different mosquito species. Furthermore, a comparison of the various formulations of essential oil-based mosquito repellents with synthetic repellents has been discussed.

Keywords: Essential oils, bioactive constituents, mosquito repellent, odorant receptors, olfactory sensory neurons, formulations.

Graphical Abstract

[1]
Alayo, M.A.; Femi-Oyewo, M.N.; Bakre, L.G.; Fashina, A.O. Larvicidal potential and mosquito repellent activity of Cassia mimosoides extracts. Southeast Asian J. Trop. Med. Public Health, 2015, 46(4), 596-601.
[PMID: 26867378]
[2]
Amer, A.; Mehlhorn, H. Repellency effect of forty-one essential oils against Aedes, Anopheles, and Culex mosquitoes. Parasitol. Res., 2006, 99(4), 478-490.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00436-006-0184-1] [PMID: 16642384]
[3]
Sanghong, R.; Junkum, A.; Chaithong, U.; Jitpakdi, A.; Riyong, D.; Tuetun, B.; Champakaew, D.; Intirach, J.; Muangmoon, R.; Chansang, A.; Pitasawat, B. Remarkable repellency of Ligusticum sinense (Umbelliferae), a herbal alternative against laboratory populations of Anopheles minimus and Aedes aegypti (Diptera: Culicidae). Malar. J., 2015, 14, 307.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12936-015-0816-y] [PMID: 26249666]
[4]
Govindarajan, M.; Rajeswary, M.; Arivoli, S.; Tennyson, S.; Benelli, G. Larvicidal and repellent potential of Zingiber nimmonii (J. Graham) Dalzell (Zingiberaceae) essential oil: An eco-friendly tool against malaria, dengue, and lymphatic filariasis mosquito vectors? Parasitol. Res., 2016, 115(5), 1807-1816.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00436-016-4920-x] [PMID: 26792432]
[5]
Asadollahi, A.; Khoobdel, M.; Zahraei-Ramazani, A.; Azarmi, S.; Mosawi, S.H. Effectiveness of plant-based repellents against different Anopheles species: A systematic review. Malar. J., 2019, 18(1), 436.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12936-019-3064-8] [PMID: 31864359]
[6]
Gnankiné, O.; Bassolé, I.H.N. Essential oils as an alternative to pyrethroids’ resistance against Anopheles Species Complex Giles (Diptera: Culicidae). Molecules, 2017, 22(10), 1321.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules22101321] [PMID: 28937642]
[7]
Jaenson, T.G.T.; Pålsson, K.; Borg-Karlson, A.K. Evaluation of extracts and oils of mosquito (Diptera: Culicidae) repellent plants from Sweden and Guinea-Bissau. J. Med. Entomol., 2006, 43(1), 113-119.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jmedent/43.1.113] [PMID: 16506457]
[8]
Trongtokit, Y.; Rongsriyam, Y.; Komalamisra, N.; Apiwathnasorn, C. Comparative repellency of 38 essential oils against mosquito bites. Phytother. Res., 2005, 19(4), 303-309.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ptr.1637] [PMID: 16041723]
[9]
Gillij, Y.G.; Gleiser, R.M.; Zygadlo, J.A. Mosquito repellent activity of essential oils of aromatic plants growing in Argentina. Bioresour. Technol., 2008, 99(7), 2507-2515.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.biortech.2007.04.066] [PMID: 17583499]
[10]
Park, B.S.; Choi, W.S.; Kim, J.H.; Kim, K.H.; Lee, S.E. Monoterpenes from thyme (Thymus vulgaris) as potential mosquito repellents. J. Am. Mosq. Control Assoc., 2005, 21(1), 80-83.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.2987/8756-971X(2005)21[80:MFTTVA]2.0.CO;2] [PMID: 15825766]
[11]
Omolo, M.O.; Okinyo, D.; Ndiege, I.O.; Lwande, W.; Hassanali, A. Repellency of essential oils of some Kenyan plants against Anopheles gambiae. Phytochemistry, 2004, 65(20), 2797-2802.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.phytochem.2004.08.035] [PMID: 15474566]
[12]
Odalo, J.O.; Omolo, M.O.; Malebo, H.; Angira, J.; Njeru, P.M.; Ndiege, I.O.; Hassanali, A. Repellency of essential oils of some plants from the Kenyan coast against Anopheles gambiae. Acta Trop., 2005, 95(3), 210-218.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.actatropica.2005.06.007] [PMID: 16018957]
[13]
Choochote, W.; Chaithong, U.; Kamsuk, K.; Jitpakdi, A.; Tippawangkosol, P.; Tuetun, B.; Champakaew, D.; Pitasawat, B. Repellent activity of selected essential oils against Aedes aegypti. Fitoterapia, 2007, 78(5), 359-364.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.fitote.2007.02.006] [PMID: 17512681]
[14]
Gokulakrishnan, J.; Elumalai, K.; Dhanasekaran, S.; Anandan, A.; Krishnappa, K. Pupicidal and repellent activities of Pogostemon cablin essential oil chemical compounds against medically important human vector mosquitoes. Asian Pac. J. Trop. Dis., 2013, 3(1), 26-31.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S2222-1808(13)60006-7]
[15]
Reichert, W.; Ejercito, J.; Guda, T.; Dong, X.; Wu, Q.; Ray, A.; Simon, J.E. Repellency assessment of Nepeta cataria essential oils and isolated nepetalactones on Aedes aegypti. Sci. Rep., 2019, 9(1), 1524.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41598-018-36814-1] [PMID: 30728370]
[16]
Pirmohammadi, M.; Shayeghi, M.; Vatandoost, H.; Abaei, M.R.; Mohammadi, A.; Bagheri, A.; Khoobdel, M.; Bakhshi, H.; Pirmohammadi, M.; Tavassoli, M. Chemical composition and repellent activity of Achillea vermiculata and Satureja hortensis against Anopheles stephensi. J. Arthropod Borne Dis., 2016, 10(2), 201-210.
[PMID: 27308278]
[17]
Sritabutra, D.; Soonwera, M.; Waltanachanobon, S.; Poungjai, S. Evaluation of herbal essential oil as repellents against Aedes aegypti (L.) and Anopheles dirus Peyton & Harrion. Asian Pac. J. Trop. Biomed., 2011, 1(1), S124-S128.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S2221-1691(11)60138-X]
[18]
Yusufoglu, H.S.; Tabanca, N.; Bernier, U.R.; Li, A.Y.; Salkini, M.A.; Alqasoumi, S.I.; Demirci, B. Mosquito and tick repellency of two Anthemis essential oils from Saudi Arabia. Saudi Pharm. J., 2018, 26(6), 860-864.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jsps.2018.03.012] [PMID: 30202228]
[19]
Kumar, S.; Mishra, M.; Wahab, N.; Warikoo, R. Larvicidal, repellent, and irritant potential of the seed-derived essential oil of Apium graveolens against dengue vector, Aedes aegypti L. (Diptera: Culicidae). Front. Public Health, 2014, 2, 147.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fpubh.2014.00147] [PMID: 25279371]
[20]
Baskar, K.; Benelli, G.; Nattudurai, G.; Jayakumar, M.; Al-Dhabi, N.A.; Ignacimuthu, S.; Duraipandiyan, V.; Sudha, V. Larvicidal and repellent activity of the essential oil from Atalantia monophylla on three mosquito vectors of public health importance, with limited impact on non-target zebra fish. Physiol. Mol. Plant Pathol., 2018, 101, 197-201.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.pmpp.2017.03.002]
[21]
Tavassoli, M.; Shayeghi, M.; Abai, M.; Vatandoost, H.; Khoobdel, M.; Salari, M.; Ghaderi, A.; Rafi, F. Repellency effects of essential oils of Myrtle (Myrtus communis), Marigold (Calendula officinalis) compared with DEET against Anopheles stephensi on human volunteers. Iran. J. Arthropod-Borne Dis., 2011, 5(2), 10-22.
[PMID: 22808414]
[22]
Phasomkusolsil, S.; Soonwera, M. Comparative mosquito repellency of essential oils against Aedes aegypti (Linn.), Anopheles dirus (Peyton and Harrison) and Culex quinquefasciatus (Say). Asian Pac. J. Trop. Biomed., 2011, 1(1), S113-S118.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S2221-1691(11)60136-6]
[23]
Soonwera, M. Efficacy of essential oil from Cananga odorata (Lamk.) Hook.f. & Thomson (Annonaceae) against three mosquito species Aedes aegypti (L.), Anopheles dirus (Peyton and Harrison), and Culex quinquefasciatus (Say). Parasitol. Res., 2015, 114(12), 4531-4543.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00436-015-4699-1] [PMID: 26337270]
[24]
Rajkumar, S.; Jebanesan, A. Repellent activity of selected plant essential oils against the malarial fever mosquito Anopheles stephensi. Trop. Biomed., 2007, 24(2), 71-75.
[PMID: 18209711]
[25]
Prajapati, V.; Tripathi, A.K.; Aggarwal, K.K.; Khanuja, S.P. Insecticidal, repellent and oviposition-deterrent activity of selected essential oils against Anopheles stephensi, Aedes aegypti and Culex quinquefasciatus. Bioresour. Technol., 2005, 96(16), 1749-1757.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.biortech.2005.01.007] [PMID: 16051081]
[26]
Govindarajan, M. Larvicidal and repellent properties of some essential oils against Culex tritaeniorhynchus Giles and Anopheles subpictus Grassi (Diptera: Culicidae). Asian Pac. J. Trop. Med., 2011, 4(2), 106-111.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S1995-7645(11)60047-3] [PMID: 21771431]
[27]
Mozaffari, E.; Abai, M.R.; Khanavi, M.; Vatandoost, H.; Sedaghat, M.M.; Moridnia, A.; Saber-Navaei, M.; Sanei-Dehkordi, A.; Rafi, F. Chemical composition, larvicidal and repellency properties of Cionura erecta (L.) Griseb. against malaria vector, Anopheles stephensi Liston (Diptera: Culicidae). J. Arthropod Borne Dis., 2014, 8(2), 147-155.
[PMID: 26114128]
[28]
Auysawasdi, N.; Chuntranuluck, S.; Phasomkusolsil, S.; Keeratinijakal, V. Improving the effectiveness of three essential oils against Aedes aegypti (Linn.) and Anopheles dirus (Peyton and Harrison). Parasitol. Res., 2016, 115(1), 99-106.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00436-015-4725-3] [PMID: 26358103]
[29]
Tawatsin, A.; Wratten, S.D.; Scott, R.R.; Thavara, U.; Techadamrongsin, Y. Repellency of volatile oils from plants against three mosquito vectors. J. Vector Ecol., 2001, 26(1), 76-82.
[PMID: 11469188]
[30]
Innocent, E.; Hassanali, A. Constituents of essential oils from three plant species used in traditional medicine and insect control in Tanzania. J. Herbs Spices Med. Plants, 2015, 21(3), 219-229.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10496475.2014.949997]
[31]
Mayeku, W.P.; Omollo, N.I.; Odalo, O.J.; Hassanali, A. Chemical composition and mosquito repellency of essential oil of Conyza newii propagated in different geographical locations of Kenya. Med. Vet. Entomol., 2014, 28(3), 253-256.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/mve.12039] [PMID: 24266583]
[32]
Yoon, J.K.; Kim, K.C.; Cho, Y.; Gwon, Y.D.; Cho, H.S.; Heo, Y.; Park, K.; Lee, Y.W.; Kim, M.; Oh, Y.K.; Kim, Y.B. Comparison of repellency effect of mosquito repellents for DEET, citronella, and fennel oil. J. Parasitol. Res., 2015, 2015, 361021.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2015/361021] [PMID: 26527362]
[33]
Ansari, M.A.; Razdan, R.K.; Tandon, M.; Vasudevan, P. Larvicidal and repellent actions of Dalbergia sissoo Roxb. (F. Leguminosae) oil against mosquitoes. Bioresour. Technol., 2000, 73(3), 207-211.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0960-8524(99)00180-7]
[34]
Watanabe, K.; Shono, Y.; Kakimizu, A.; Okada, A.; Matsuo, N.; Satoh, A.; Nishimura, H. New mosquito repellent from Eucalyptus camaldulensis. J. Agric. Food Chem., 1993, 41(11), 2164-2166.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/jf00035a065]
[35]
Alwala, O.J.; Wanzala, W.; Inyambukho, R.A.; Osundwa, E.M.; Ndiege, I.O. Characterization and evaluation of repellent effect of essential oil of Mangifera indica L. from Kenya. J. Essent. Oil-Bear. Plants, 2010, 13(1), 85-96.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/0972060X.2010.10643795]
[36]
Manh, H.D.; Tuyet, O.T. Larvicidal and repellent activity of Mentha arvensis L. essential oil against Aedes aegypti. Insects, 2020, 11(3), 198.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/insects11030198] [PMID: 32235733]
[37]
Kumar, S.; Wahab, N.; Warikoo, R. Bioefficacy of Mentha piperita essential oil against dengue fever mosquito Aedes aegypti L. Asian Pac. J. Trop. Biomed., 2011, 1(2), 85-88.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S2221-1691(11)60001-4] [PMID: 23569733]
[38]
Rajkumar, S.; Jebanesan, A. Repellency of volatile oils from Moschosma polystachyum and Solanum xanthocarpum against filarial vector Culex quinquefasciatus say. Trop. Biomed., 2005, 22(2), 139-142.
[PMID: 16883279]
[39]
Nour, A.H.; Elhussein, S.A.; Osman, N.A.; Nour, A.H. Repellent activities of the essential oils of four Sudanese accessions of basil (Ocimum basilicum L.) against Anopheles mosquito. J. Appl. Sci., 2009, 9(14), 2645-2648.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.3923/jas.2009.2645.2648]
[40]
Padilha de Paula, J.; Gomes-Carneiro, M.R.; Paumgartten, F.J. Chemical composition, toxicity and mosquito repellency of Ocimum selloi oil. J. Ethnopharmacol., 2003, 88(2-3), 253-260.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0378-8741(03)00233-2] [PMID: 12963152]
[41]
Govindarajan, M.; Kadaikunnan, S.; Alharbi, N.S.; Benelli, G. Acute toxicity and repellent activity of the Origanum scabrum Boiss. & Heldr. (Lamiaceae) essential oil against four mosquito vectors of public health importance and its biosafety on non-target aquatic organisms. Environ. Sci. Pollut. Res. Int., 2016, 23(22), 23228-23238.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11356-016-7568-2] [PMID: 27604128]
[42]
Maheswaran, R.; Ignacimuthu, S. Bioefficacy of essential oil from Polygonum hydropiper L. against mosquitoes, Anopheles stephensi and Culex quinquefasciatus. Ecotoxicol. Environ. Saf., 2013, 97, 26-31.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ecoenv.2013.06.028] [PMID: 23942240]
[43]
Pandey, S.K.; Upadhyay, S.; Tripathi, A.K. Insecticidal and repellent activities of thymol from the essential oil of Trachyspermum ammi (Linn) Sprague seeds against Anopheles stephensi. Parasitol. Res., 2009, 105(2), 507-512.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00436-009-1429-6] [PMID: 19343365]
[44]
Hebbalkar, D.S.; Hebbalkar, G.D.; Sharma, R.N.; Joshi, V.S.; Bhat, V.S. Mosquito repellent activity of oils from Vitex negundo Linn. leaves. Indian J. Med. Res., 1992, 95, 200-203.
[PMID: 1398810]
[45]
Pushpanathan, T.; Jebanesan, A.; Govindarajan, M. The essential oil of Zingiber officinalis Linn (Zingiberaceae) as a mosquito larvicidal and repellent agent against the filarial vector Culex quinquefasciatus Say (Diptera: Culicidae). Parasitol. Res., 2008, 102(6), 1289-1291.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00436-008-0907-6] [PMID: 18278511]
[46]
Ditzen, M.; Pellegrino, M.; Vosshall, L.B. Insect odorant receptors are molecular targets of the insect repellent DEET. Science, 2008, 319(5871), 1838-1842.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/science.1153121] [PMID: 18339904]
[47]
Muema, J.M.; Bargul, J.L.; Njeru, S.N.; Onyango, J.O.; Imbahale, S.S. Prospects for malaria control through manipulation of mosquito larval habitats and olfactory-mediated behavioural responses using plant-derived compounds. Parasit. Vectors, 2017, 10(1), 184.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s13071-017-2122-8] [PMID: 28412962]
[48]
Ray, A. Reception of odors and repellents in mosquitoes. Curr. Opin. Neurobiol., 2015, 34, 158-164.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.conb.2015.06.014] [PMID: 26202080]
[49]
Syed, Z.; Leal, W.S. Mosquitoes smell and avoid the insect repellent DEET. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA, 2008, 105(36), 13598-13603.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.0805312105] [PMID: 18711137]
[50]
DeGennaro, M.; McBride, C.S.; Seeholzer, L.; Nakagawa, T.; Dennis, E.J.; Goldman, C.; Jasinskiene, N.; James, A.A.; Vosshall, L.B. orco mutant mosquitoes lose strong preference for humans and are not repelled by volatile DEET. Nature, 2013, 498(7455), 487-491.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nature12206] [PMID: 23719379]
[51]
Kain, P.; Boyle, S.M.; Tharadra, S.K.; Guda, T.; Pham, C.; Dahanukar, A.; Ray, A. Odour receptors and neurons for DEET and new insect repellents. Nature, 2013, 502(7472), 507-512.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nature12594] [PMID: 24089210]
[52]
Pask, G.M.; Bobkov, Y.V.; Corey, E.A.; Ache, B.W.; Zwiebel, L.J. Blockade of insect odorant receptor currents by amiloride derivatives. Chem. Senses, 2013, 38(3), 221-229.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/chemse/bjs100] [PMID: 23292750]
[53]
Bohbot, J.D.; Dickens, J.C. Selectivity of odorant receptors in insects. Front. Cell. Neurosci., 2012, 6(29), 29.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fncel.2012.00029] [PMID: 22811659]
[54]
Dickens, J.C.; Bohbot, J.D. Mini review: Mode of action of mosquito repellents. Pestic. Biochem. Physiol., 2013, 106(3), 149-155.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.pestbp.2013.02.006]
[55]
Bohbot, J.D.; Jones, P.L.; Wang, G.; Pitts, R.J.; Pask, G.M.; Zwiebel, L.J. Conservation of indole responsive odorant receptors in mosquitoes reveals an ancient olfactory trait. Chem. Senses, 2011, 36(2), 149-160.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/chemse/bjq105] [PMID: 20956733]
[56]
Bohbot, J.D.; Dickens, J.C. Characterization of an enantioselective odorant receptor in the yellow fever mosquito Aedes aegypti. PLoS One, 2009, 4(9), e7032.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0007032] [PMID: 19753115]
[57]
Tzotzos, G.; Iley, J.N.; Moore, E.A. New insights on repellent recognition by Anopheles gambiae odorant-binding protein 1. PLoS One, 2018, 13(4), e0194724.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0194724] [PMID: 29614080]
[58]
da Costa, K.S.; Galúcio, J.M.; da Costa, C.H.S.; Santana, A.R.; Dos Santos Carvalho, V.; do Nascimento, L.D.; Lima E Lima, A.H.; Neves Cruz, J.; Alves, C.N.; Lameira, J. Exploring the potentiality of natural products from essential oils as inhibitors of odorant- binding proteins: A structure and ligand based virtual screening approach to find novel mosquito repellents. ACS Omega, 2019, 4(27), 22475-22486.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/acsomega.9b03157] [PMID: 31909330]
[59]
Oyedele, A.O.; Gbolade, A.A.; Sosan, M.B.; Adewoyin, F.B.; Soyelu, O.L.; Orafidiya, O.O. Formulation of an effective mosquito-repellent topical product from lemongrass oil. Phytomedicine, 2002, 9(3), 259-262.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1078/0944-7113-00120] [PMID: 12046869]
[60]
Yadav, N.P.; Rai, V.K.; Mishra, N.; Sinha, P.; Bawankule, D.U.; Pal, A.; Tripathi, A.K.; Chanotiya, C.S. A novel approach for development and characterization of effective mosquito repellent cream formulation containing citronella oil. BioMed Res. Int., 2014, 2014, 786084.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2014/786084] [PMID: 25379509]
[61]
Solomon, B.; Gebre-Mariam, T.; Asres, K. Mosquito repellent actions of the essential oils of Cymbopogon citratus, Cymbopogon nardus and Eucalyptus citriodora: Evaluation and formulation studies. J. Essent. Oil-Bear. Plants, 2012, 15(5), 766-773.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/0972060X.2012.10644118]
[62]
Shivhare, R.S.; Kamble, M.A.; Mahapatra, D.K.; Ingole, A.R.; Baheti, J.R. Development of mosquito repellant gel formulations from various natural volatile oils: Comparative study with the marketed formulation odomos®. J. Drug Deliv. Ther., 2018, 8(6), 106-110.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.22270/jddt.v8i6.2031]
[63]
Eden, W.T.; Alighiri, D.; Supardi, K.I.; Cahyono, E. The mosquito repellent activity of the active component of air freshener gel from Java citronella oil (Cymbopogon winterianus). J. Parasitol. Res., 2020, 2020, 9053741.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2020/9053741] [PMID: 32411423]
[64]
Navayan, A.; Moghimipour, E.; Khodayar, M.J.; Vazirianzadeh, B.; Siahpoosh, A.; Valizadeh, M.; Mansourzadeh, Z. Evaluation of the mosquito repellent activity of nano-sized microemulsion of Eucalyptus globulus essential oil against Culicinae. Jundishapur J. Nat. Pharm. Prod., 2017, 12(4), e55626.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.5812/jjnpp.55626]
[65]
Misni, N.; Mohamed Nor, Z.; Ahmad, R. Microencapsulation of Citrus grandis peel oil using interfacial precipitation chemistry technique for repellent application. Iran. J. Pharm. Res., 2019, 18(1), 198-209.
[PMID: 31089355]
[66]
Nuchuchua, O.; Sakulku, U.; Uawongyart, N.; Puttipipatkhachorn, S.; Soottitantawat, A.; Ruktanonchai, U. In vitro characterization and mosquito (Aedes aegypti) repellent activity of essential-oils-loaded nanoemulsions. AAPS PharmSciTech, 2009, 10(4), 1234-1242.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1208/s12249-009-9323-1] [PMID: 19862624]
[67]
Mohd Narawi, M.; Chiu, H.I.; Yong, Y.K.; Mohamad Zain, N.N.; Ramachandran, M.R.; Tham, C.L.; Samsurrijal, S.F.; Lim, V. Biocompatible nutmeg oil-loaded nanoemulsion as phyto-repellent. Front. Pharmacol., 2020, 11, 214.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fphar.2020.00214] [PMID: 32256345]
[68]
Sakulku, U.; Nuchuchua, O.; Uawongyart, N.; Puttipipatkhachorn, S.; Soottitantawat, A.; Ruktanonchai, U. Characterization and mosquito repellent activity of citronella oil nanoemulsion. Int. J. Pharm., 2009, 372(1-2), 105-111.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijpharm.2008.12.029] [PMID: 19162149]
[69]
Chattopadhyay, P.; Dhiman, S.; Borah, S.; Rabha, B.; Chaurasia, A.K.; Veer, V. Essential oil based polymeric patch development and evaluating its repellent activity against mosquitoes. Acta Trop., 2015, 147, 45-53.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.actatropica.2015.03.027] [PMID: 25861938]

Rights & Permissions Print Cite
Article Metrics
39
1
World Immunization Week
© 2024 Bentham Science Publishers | Privacy Policy