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Endocrine, Metabolic & Immune Disorders - Drug Targets

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ISSN (Print): 1871-5303
ISSN (Online): 2212-3873

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Review Article

Role of Polyphenol in Regulating Oxidative Stress, Inflammation, Fibrosis, and Apoptosis in Diabetic Nephropathy

Author(s): Syaifuzah Sapian*, Siti Balkis Budin, Izatus Shima Taib, Vanitha Mariappan, Satirah Zainalabidin and Kok Yong Chin

Volume 22, Issue 5, 2022

Published on: 03 February, 2022

Page: [453 - 470] Pages: 18

DOI: 10.2174/1871530321666211119144309

Price: $65

Abstract

Diabetic Nephropathy (DN) is known as one of the driving sources of End-Stage Renal Disease (ESRD). DN prevalence continues to increase in every corner of the world andthat has been a major concern to healthcare professionals as DN is the key driver of Diabetes Mellitus (DM) morbidity and mortality. Hyperglycaemia is closely connected with the production of Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) that cause oxidative stress response as well as numerous cellular and molecular modifications. Oxidative stress is a significant causative factor to renal damage, as it can activate other immunological pathways, such as inflammatory, fibrosis, and apoptosis pathways. These pathways can lead to cellular impairment and death as well as cellular senescence. Natural substances containing bioactive compounds, such as polyphenols, have been reported to exert valuable effects on various pathological conditions, including DM. The role of polyphenols in alleviating DN conditions has been documented in many studies. In this review, the potential of polyphenols in ameliorating the progression of DN via modulation of oxidative stress, inflammation, fibrosis, and apoptosis, as well as cellular senescence, has been addressed. This information may be used as the strategies for the management of DN and development as nutraceutical products to overcome DN development.

Keywords: Diabetes mellitus, diabetic nephropathy, reactive oxygen species, phytochemicals, bioactive compounds, fibrosis.

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