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Mini-Reviews in Medicinal Chemistry

Editor-in-Chief

ISSN (Print): 1389-5575
ISSN (Online): 1875-5607

Review Article

Astaxanthin and Nrf2 Signaling Pathway: A Novel Target for New Therapeutic Approaches

Author(s): Milad Ashrafizadeh , Zahra Ahmadi , Habib Yaribeygi *, Thozhukat Sathyapalan and Amirhossein Sahebkar*

Volume 22, Issue 2, 2022

Published on: 05 May, 2021

Page: [312 - 321] Pages: 10

DOI: 10.2174/1389557521666210505112834

Price: $65

Abstract

Abstract: Astaxanthin (AST) is a naturally occurring compound isolated from various sources such as fungi, plants, salmon, and crab. However, Haematococcus Pluvialis, a green alga, is the primary source of this beta carotenoid compound. AST has several favourable biological and pharmacological activities such as antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, anti-tumor, anti-diabetes, hepatoprotective, and neuroprotective activities. Nevertheless, the exact molecular mechanisms of these protective effects of AST are unclear yet. The Nrf2 signaling pathway is one of the critical candidate signaling pathways that may be involved in these beneficial effects of AST. This signaling pathway is responsible for maintaining the redox balance in the physiological state. Upon nuclear translocation, Nrf2 signaling activates antioxidant enzymes to reduce oxidative stress and protect cells against damage. In the current study, we have reviewed the effects of AST on the Nrf2 signaling pathway, which could potentially be developed as a novel therapeutic approach for the management of various diseases.

Keywords: Astaxanthin, oxidative stress, cardioprotective, neuroprotective, Nrf2 signaling pathway, renoprotective, diabetes mellitus.

Graphical Abstract
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