Abstract
Background: The continuing inflammatory response entailed by atherosclerosis is categorised by a pathological surface expression of certain proteins over the endothelium, namely, P-selectins. Thus, to boost the efficiency of drug carriers, these proteins can be used as binding targets.
Objectives: Delivery of particles in a specific size range, from 200 to 3200 nm, covered by P-selectin aptamers (PSA), to an atherosclerotic plaque in a pathologically high haematocrit (Hct) blood flow was simulated. The surface of the plaque was assumed to possess a pathologically high expression of P-Selectins.
Methods: An in-silico patient-specific model of a Left Anterior Descending (LAD) coronary artery considering the luminal unevenness was built and meshed using the finite element method.
Results: The distribution of deposited particles over the plaque in high Hct blood was significantly more homogenous compared to that of particles that travelled in normal blood Hct. Moreover, in the high Hct, the increase in the particle size, from 800 nm forwards, had a trivial effect on the upsurge in the surface density of adhered particles (SDAs) over the targeted endothelium. Yet, in normal blood Hct (45% in this research), the increase in the particle diameter from 800 nm forwards resulted in a significant increase in the SDAs over the targeted plaque. Interestingly, unlike the adsorption pattern of particles in normal Hct, a significant distribution of deposited particles in the post-constriction region of the atherosclerotic plaque was observed.
Conclusion: Our findings provide insights into designing optimum carriers of anti-thrombotic/inflammatory drugs specifically for high blood Hct conditions.
Keywords: High haematocrit, nano drug carriers, adhesion, personalised modelling, atherosclerotic plaque, anti-thrombotic/inflammatory drugs.
Current Drug Delivery
Title:High Haematocrit Blood Flow and Adsorption of Micro and Nanoparticles on an Atherosclerotic Plaque: An In-silico Study
Volume: 18 Issue: 10
Author(s): Mohamadamin Forouzandehmehr and Amir Shamloo*
Affiliation:
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Sharif University of Technology, Tehran,Iran
Keywords: High haematocrit, nano drug carriers, adhesion, personalised modelling, atherosclerotic plaque, anti-thrombotic/inflammatory drugs.
Abstract:
Background: The continuing inflammatory response entailed by atherosclerosis is categorised by a pathological surface expression of certain proteins over the endothelium, namely, P-selectins. Thus, to boost the efficiency of drug carriers, these proteins can be used as binding targets.
Objectives: Delivery of particles in a specific size range, from 200 to 3200 nm, covered by P-selectin aptamers (PSA), to an atherosclerotic plaque in a pathologically high haematocrit (Hct) blood flow was simulated. The surface of the plaque was assumed to possess a pathologically high expression of P-Selectins.
Methods: An in-silico patient-specific model of a Left Anterior Descending (LAD) coronary artery considering the luminal unevenness was built and meshed using the finite element method.
Results: The distribution of deposited particles over the plaque in high Hct blood was significantly more homogenous compared to that of particles that travelled in normal blood Hct. Moreover, in the high Hct, the increase in the particle size, from 800 nm forwards, had a trivial effect on the upsurge in the surface density of adhered particles (SDAs) over the targeted endothelium. Yet, in normal blood Hct (45% in this research), the increase in the particle diameter from 800 nm forwards resulted in a significant increase in the SDAs over the targeted plaque. Interestingly, unlike the adsorption pattern of particles in normal Hct, a significant distribution of deposited particles in the post-constriction region of the atherosclerotic plaque was observed.
Conclusion: Our findings provide insights into designing optimum carriers of anti-thrombotic/inflammatory drugs specifically for high blood Hct conditions.
Export Options
About this article
Cite this article as:
Forouzandehmehr Mohamadamin and Shamloo Amir *, High Haematocrit Blood Flow and Adsorption of Micro and Nanoparticles on an Atherosclerotic Plaque: An In-silico Study, Current Drug Delivery 2021; 18 (10) . https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1567201818666210316111458
DOI https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1567201818666210316111458 |
Print ISSN 1567-2018 |
Publisher Name Bentham Science Publisher |
Online ISSN 1875-5704 |
Call for Papers in Thematic Issues
Advances of natural products, bio-actives and novel drug delivery system against emerging viral infections
Due to the increasing prevalence of viral infections and the ability of these human pathogens to develop resistance to current treatment strategies, there is a great need to find and develop new compounds to combat them. These molecules must have low toxicity, specific activity and high bioavailability. The most suitable ...read more
Electrospun Fibers as Drug Delivery Systems
In recent years, electrospun fibers have attracted considerable attention as potential platforms for drug delivery due to their distinctive properties and adaptability. These fibers feature a notable surface area-to-volume ratio and can be intentionally designed with high porosity, facilitating an increased capacity for drug loading and rendering them suitable for ...read more
Emerging Nanotherapeutics for Mitigation of Neurodegenerative Disorders
Conditions affecting the central nervous system (CNS) present a significant hurdle due to limited access of both treatments and diagnostic tools for the brain. The blood-brain barrier (BBB) acts as a barrier, restricting the passage of molecules from the bloodstream into the brain. The most formidable challenge facing scientists is ...read more
Nanotechnology Based Chemotherapy for the treatment of Head & Neck Cancer
The escalating recurrence rates observed in Head and Neck cancer, particularly within the chemo-therapeutically treated cohort (50-60%), can be attributed to the non-selective nature of current anticancer drug delivery modalities. In this context, nanotechnology-based drug delivery systems emerge as a promising avenue for achieving precise localization of therapeutic agents to ...read more
- Author Guidelines
- Graphical Abstracts
- Fabricating and Stating False Information
- Research Misconduct
- Post Publication Discussions and Corrections
- Publishing Ethics and Rectitude
- Increase Visibility of Your Article
- Archiving Policies
- Peer Review Workflow
- Order Your Article Before Print
- Promote Your Article
- Manuscript Transfer Facility
- Editorial Policies
- Allegations from Whistleblowers
Related Articles
-
Cucurbitacins and the Immune System: Update in Research on Anti-
inflammatory, Antioxidant, and Immunomodulatory Mechanisms
Current Medicinal Chemistry Screening, Evaluation, and Early Management of Acute Aortic Dissection in the ED
Current Cardiology Reviews Molecular Basis of Antiretroviral Drugs-Associated Long-Term Toxicity: How Bad can Good Drugs Be?
Current Medicinal Chemistry - Anti-Infective Agents Recent Advances of Radionuclide-Based Molecular Imaging of Atherosclerosis
Current Pharmaceutical Design Innovative Erythrocyte-based Carriers for Gene Delivery in Porcine Vascular Smooth Muscle Cells: Basis for Local Therapy to Prevent Restenosis
Cardiovascular & Hematological Disorders-Drug Targets Propofol and Systemic Inflammatory Response in Abdominal Aortic Surgery
Letters in Drug Design & Discovery The Role of Oxidative Stress in Cerebral Aneurysm Formation and Rupture
Current Neurovascular Research Crosstalk Between the Angiotensin and Endothelin-System in the Cerebrovasculature
Current Neurovascular Research Mitochondrial Oxidative Stress and Heart Failure ∼Novel Pathophysiological Insight and Treatment Strategies∼
Current Cardiology Reviews Challenges in Managing Amniotic Fluid Embolism: An Up-to-Date Perspective on Diagnostic Testing with Focus on Novel Biomarkers and Avenues for Future Research
Current Pharmaceutical Biotechnology Role of PPAR-γ Agonist Thiazolidinediones in Treatment of Pre-Diabetic and Diabetic Individuals: A Cardiovascular Perspective
Current Drug Targets - Cardiovascular & Hematological Disorders Editorial: Thematic Issue-Topic–Diabetic Cardiovascular Disease–An Unmet Medical Need: Emerging Targets and Therapies-Introduction to the Special Issue
Cardiovascular & Hematological Agents in Medicinal Chemistry The Meaning of Different Forms of Structural Myocardial Injury, Immune Response and Timing of Infarct Necrosis and Cardiac Repair
Current Vascular Pharmacology Soluble Epoxide Hydrolase Inhibitors and their Potential for Treatment of Multiple Pathologic Conditions
Current Medicinal Chemistry Piperine: Medicinal, Analytical and Therapeutics perspective
Current Bioactive Compounds Inflammatory Biomarkers and Cardiovascular Risk Assessment. Current Knowledge and Future Perspectives
Current Pharmaceutical Design Cyclooxygenase and Atherosclerosis: A Smoking Area
Current Pharmaceutical Design Type 2 Diabetes: An Atherothrombotic Syndrome
Current Molecular Medicine CPP-conjugated Anti-apoptotic Peptides as Therapeutic Tools of Ischemiareperfusion Injuries
Current Pharmaceutical Design The Design and Development of Deferiprone (L1) and Other Iron Chelators for Clinical Use: Targeting Methods and Application Prospects
Current Medicinal Chemistry