Login Register Cart 0
Generic placeholder image

Current Rheumatology Reviews

Editor-in-Chief

ISSN (Print): 1573-3971
ISSN (Online): 1875-6360

Back
Journal Home About Journal Editorial Board Journal Insight Current Issue Volumes/Issues
Subscribe
Research Article

Atherogenic Index of Plasma in Women with Rheumatoid Arthritis and Systemic Lupus Erythematosus: A 10-Year Potential Predictor of Cardiovascular Disease

Author(s): Nevin Hammam*, Noha Abdel-Wahab and Tamer A Gheita

Volume 17, Issue 1, 2021

Published on: 07 October, 2020

Page: [122 - 130] Pages: 9

DOI: 10.2174/1573397116666201007123403

Price: $65

Abstract

Background: Women with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) are at high risk of cardiovascular diseases (CVD). The atherogenic index of plasma (AIP) is a new marker for the assessment of CVD.

Objective: This study aimed to determine the predictive value of AIP with long-term CVD risk among women with RA and SLE.

Methods: This is a cross-sectional study of 99 RA and 59 SLE women. Demographic, clinical, and biochemical data were obtained, and disease activities were calculated. For each patient, the longterm risk of CVD was calculated using the Framingham risk score (FRS); AIP was derived according to the logarithmic (triglycerides/high-density lipoproteins cholesterol).

Results: The mean age of the RA and SLE patients was 47.97 ± 8.78 and 36.75 ± 9.09 years, respectively. The median (interquartile range) of AIP values in RA and SLE patients were 0.34 (-0.15, 1.02) and 0.33 (-0.53, 0.96), respectively, while FRS values of RA patients and SLE patients were 6.38 ± 5.58 and 4.86 ± 4.5, respectively (p >0.05). There was a moderate correlation between AIP and FRS in RA and SLE patients (r=0.42, p=0.002 and r=0.33, p=0.007, respectively). According to the multivariate regression analyses, we found that AIP value is an independent factor for FRS in RA (β: 4.13, 95% confidence interval; 1.71, 6.18; p=0.008) and in SLE patients (β: 6.19, 95% confidence interval; 2.58, 9.81; p<0.001).

Conclusions: We reported that AIP can be used as an independent indicator for long-term CVD risk in RA and SLE patients.

Keywords: Atherogenic index, plasma, rheumatoid arthritis, systemic lupus erythematosus, framingham sore, cardiovascular disease risk.

« Previous Next »
Graphical Abstract

[1]
Marder W, Vinet É, Somers EC. Rheumatic autoimmune diseases in women and midlife health. Women’s midlife Heal 2015; 1(11)
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s40695-015-0012-9] [PMID: 28553545]
[2]
Doran MF, Pond GR, Crowson CS, O’Fallon WM, Gabriel SE. Trends in incidence and mortality in rheumatoid arthritis in Rochester, Minnesota, over a forty-year period. Arthritis Rheum 2002; 46(3): 625-31.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/art.509] [PMID: 11920397]
[3]
DeMizio DJ, Geraldino-Pardilla LB. Autoimmunity and inflammation link to cardiovascular disease risk in rheumatoid arthritis. Rheumatol Ther 2020; 7(1): 19-33.
[PMID: 31853784]
[4]
Kremers HM, Crowson CS, Therneau TM, Roger VL, Gabriel SE. High ten-year risk of cardiovascular disease in newly diagnosed rheumatoid arthritis patients: a population-based cohort study. Arthritis Rheum 2008; 58(8): 2268-74.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/art.23650] [PMID: 18668561]
[5]
Lewandowski LB, Kaplan MJ. Update on cardiovascular disease in lupus. Curr Opin Rheumatol 2016; 28(5): 468-76.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/BOR.0000000000000307] [PMID: 27227346]
[6]
Garg N, Muduli SK, Kapoor A, et al. Comparison of different cardiovascular risk score calculators for cardiovascular risk prediction and guideline recommended statin uses. Indian Heart J 2017; 69(4): 458-63.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ihj.2017.01.015] [PMID: 28822511]
[7]
Hammam N, Ezeugwu VE, Rumsey DG, Manns PJ, Pritchard-Wiart L. Physical activity, sedentary behavior, and long-term cardiovascular risk in individuals with rheumatoid arthritis. Phys Sportsmed 2019; 47(4): 463-70.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00913847.2019.1623995] [PMID: 31122104]
[8]
Jafri K, Ogdie A, Qasim A, Patterson SL, Gianfrancesco M, Izadi Z, et al. Discordance of the Framingham cardiovascular risk score and the 2013 American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association risk score in systemic lupus erythematosus and rheumatoid arthritis. Clin Rheumatol 2017; 37(2): 467-74.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10067-017-3860-x] [PMID: 28993952]
[9]
Maradit-Kremers H, Nicola PJ, Crowson CS, Ballman KV, Gabriel SE. Cardiovascular death in rheumatoid arthritis: a population-based study. Arthritis Rheum 2005; 52(3): 722-32.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/art.20878] [PMID: 15751097]
[10]
Szabó MZ, Szodoray P, Kiss E. Dyslipidemia in systemic lupus erythematosus. Immunol Res 2017; 65(2): 543-50.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12026-016-8892-9] [PMID: 28168401]
[11]
Khazaál MS. Atherogenic Index of Plasma (AIP) as a parameter in predicting cardiovascular risk in males compared to the conventional dyslipidemic indices (cholesterol ratios). Kerbala Jorunal Med 2013; 6(1): 1506-13.
[12]
Manninen V, Tenkanen L, Koskinen P, et al. Joint effects of serum triglyceride and LDL cholesterol and HDL cholesterol concentrations on coronary heart disease risk in the Helsinki Heart Study. Implications for treatment. Circulation 1992; 85(1): 37-45.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1161/01.CIR.85.1.37] [PMID: 1728471]
[13]
Onat A. Lipids, lipoproteins and apolipoproteins among turks, and impact on coronary heart disease. Anadolu Kardiyol Derg 2004; 4(3): 236-45.
[PMID: 15355827]
[14]
Pappas DA, Nyberg F, Kremer JM, et al. Prevalence of cardiovascular disease and major risk factors in patients with rheumatoid arthritis: a multinational cross-sectional study. Clin Rheumatol 2018; 37(9): 2331-40.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10067-018-4113-3] [PMID: 29696436]
[15]
Cure E, Icli A, Uslu AU, et al. Atherogenic index of plasma: a useful marker for subclinical atherosclerosis in ankylosing spondylitis : AIP associate with cIMT in AS. Clin Rheumatol 2018; 37(5): 1273-80.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10067-018-4027-0] [PMID: 29435680]
[16]
Cure E, Icli A, Ugur Uslu A, et al. Atherogenic index of plasma may be strong predictor of subclinical atherosclerosis in patients with Behçet disease. Z Rheumatol 2017; 76(3): 259-66.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00393-016-0141-z] [PMID: 27431747]
[17]
Uslu AU, Kucuk A, Icli A, et al. Plasma atherogenic index is an independent indicator of subclinical atherosclerosis in systemic lupus erythematosus. Eurasian J Med 2017; 49(3): 193-7.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.5152/eurasianjmed.2017.17143] [PMID: 29123443]
[18]
Aletaha D, Neogi T, Silman AJ, et al. 2010 Rheumatoid arthritis classification criteria: an American College of Rheumatology/European League Against Rheumatism collaborative initiative. Arthritis Rheum 2010; 62(9): 2569-81.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/art.27584] [PMID: 20872595]
[19]
Petri M, Orbai A-M, Alarcón GS, et al. Derivation and validation of the Systemic Lupus International Collaborating Clinics classification criteria for systemic lupus erythematosus. Arthritis Rheum 2012; 64(8): 2677-86.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/art.34473] [PMID: 22553077]
[20]
Inoue E, Yamanaka H, Hara M, Tomatsu T, Kamatani N. Comparison of Disease Activity Score (DAS)28- erythrocyte sedimentation rate and DAS28- C-reactive protein threshold values. Ann Rheum Dis 2007; 66(3): 407-9.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/ard.2006.054205] [PMID: 16926186]
[21]
Bombardier C, Gladman DD, Urowitz MB, Caron D, Chang CH. The Committee on Prognosis Studies in SLE. Derivation of the SLEDAI. A disease activity index for lupus patients. Arthritis Rheum 1992; 35(6): 630-40.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/art.1780350606] [PMID: 1599520]
[22]
Castrejón I, Tani C, Jolly M, Huang A, Mosca M. Indices to assess patients with systemic lupus erythematosus in clinical trials, long-term observational studies, and clinical care. Clin Exp Rheumatol 2014; 32(5)(Suppl. 85): S-85-95.
[PMID: 25365095]
[23]
Dobiásová M. AIP--atherogenic index of plasma as a significant predictor of cardiovascular risk: from research to practice. Vnitr Lek 2006; 52(1): 64-71.
[PMID: 16526201]
[24]
Ford ES, Giles WH, Mokdad AH. The distribution of 10-Year risk for coronary heart disease among US adults: findings from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey III. J Am Coll Cardiol 2004; 43(10): 1791-6.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jacc.2003.11.061] [PMID: 15145101]
[25]
D’Agostino RB Sr, Vasan RS, Pencina MJ, et al. General cardiovascular risk profile for use in primary care: the Framingham Heart Study. Circulation 2008; 117(6): 743-53.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.107.699579] [PMID: 18212285]
[26]
National Heart and Blood Institute L. Estimate of 10-year risk for coronary heart disease Framingham point scores 2014.
[27]
Wu T-T, Gao Y, Zheng Y-Y, Ma Y-T, Xie X. Atherogenic index of plasma (AIP): a novel predictive indicator for the coronary artery disease in postmenopausal women. Lipids Health Dis 2018; 17(1): 197.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12944-018-0828-z] [PMID: 30134981]
[28]
Fernández-Macías JC, Ochoa-Martínez AC, Varela-Silva JA, Pérez-Maldonado IN. Atherogenic index of plasma: novel predictive biomarker for cardiovascular illnesses. Arch Med Res 2019; 50(5): 285-94.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.arcmed.2019.08.009] [PMID: 31593853]
[29]
Caliskan Z, Demircioglu K, Sayar S, et al. Lipid profile, atherogenic indices, and their relationship with epicardial fat thickness and carotid intima-media thickness in celiac disease. North Clin Istanb 2019; 6(3): 242-7.
[PMID: 31650110]
[30]
Yuan Y, Hu J-W, Wang Y, Wang K-K, Zheng W-L, Chu C, et al. Association between atherogenic index of plasma and subclinical renal damage over a 12-year follow-up: Hanzhong adolescent hypertension study. Eur J Clin Nutr 2019.
[PMID: 31728032]
[31]
Bakshi J, Segura BT, Wincup C, Rahman A. Unmet needs in the pathogenesis and treatment of systemic lupus erythematosus. Clin Rev Allergy Immunol 2018; 55(3): 352-67.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12016-017-8640-5] [PMID: 28853005]
[32]
Hassan SZ, Gheita TA, Kenawy SA, Fahim AT, El-Sorougy IM, Abdou MS. Oxidative stress in systemic lupus erythematosus and rheumatoid arthritis patients: relationship to disease manifestations and activity. Int J Rheum Dis 2011; 14(4): 325-31.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1756-185X.2011.01630.x] [PMID: 22004228]
[33]
Panoulas VF, Milionis HJ, Douglas KMJ, et al. Association of serum uric acid with cardiovascular disease in rheumatoid arthritis. Rheumatology (Oxford) 2007; 46(9): 1466-70.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/rheumatology/kem159] [PMID: 17644822]
[34]
Amaya-Amaya J, Montoya-Sánchez L, Rojas-Villarraga A. Cardiovascular involvement in autoimmune diseases. BioMed Res Int 2014; 2014: 367359.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2014/367359] [PMID: 25177690]
[35]
Sheikh M, Movassaghi S, Khaledi M, Moghaddassi M. Hyperuricemia in systemic lupus erythematosus: is it associated with the neuropsychiatric manifestations of the disease?Revista Brasileira de Reumatologia scielo. 2016; 56: pp. 471-7.
[36]
Aghdashi M, Behnemoon M, Mahmoodi Rad J, Rabiepour M. Evaluation of serum uric acid level in systemic lupus erythematosus patients with normal and high pulmonary arterial hypertension. Biomedicine (Taipei) 2018; 8(3): 16.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/bmdcn/2018080316] [PMID: 30141403]
[37]
Yang Z, Liang Y, Xi W, Zhu Y, Li C, Zhong R. Association of serum uric acid with lupus nephritis in systemic lupus erythematosus. Rheumatol Int 2011; 31(6): 743-8.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00296-010-1373-x] [PMID: 20155421]
[38]
Wu G-C, Liu H-R, Leng R-X, et al. Subclinical atherosclerosis in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus: A systemic review and meta-analysis. Autoimmun Rev 2016; 15(1): 22-37.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.autrev.2015.10.002] [PMID: 26455562]
[39]
Barsalou J, Bradley TJ, Tyrrell PN, et al. Impact of disease duration on vascular surrogates of early atherosclerosis in childhood-onset systemic lupus erythematosus. Arthritis Rheumatol 2016; 68(1): 237-46.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/art.39423] [PMID: 26361097]
[40]
Floris A, Piga M, Mangoni AA, Bortoluzzi A, Erre GL, Cauli A. Protective Effects of Hydroxychloroquine against Accelerated Atherosclerosis in Systemic Lupus Erythematosus.Mediators Inflamm. 2018; 2018: p. 3424136.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2018/3424136]
[41]
Sharma TS, Wasko MCM, Tang X, et al. Hydroxychloroquine use is associated with decreased incident cardiovascular events in rheumatoid arthritis patients. J Am Heart Assoc 2016; 5(1): e002867.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1161/JAHA.115.002867] [PMID: 26727968]
[42]
Roldan CA, Joson J, Qualls CR, Sharrar J, Sibbitt WLJ Jr. Premature aortic stiffness in systemic lupus erythematosus by transesophageal echocardiography. Lupus 2010; 19(14): 1599-605.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0961203310377088] [PMID: 20813797]
[43]
Mihaylova B, Emberson J, Blackwell L, et al. . Cholesterol Treatment Trialists’ (CTT) Collaborators. The effects of lowering LDL cholesterol with statin therapy in people at low risk of vascular disease: meta-analysis of individual data from 27 randomised trials. Lancet 2012; 380(9841): 581-90.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(12)60367-5] [PMID: 22607822]
[44]
Lamarche F, Agharazii M, Nadeau-Fredette A-C, Madore F, Goupil R. Central and Brachial Blood Pressures, Statins, and Low-Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol: A Mediation Analysis. Hypertens (Dallas, Tex 1979) 2018 Mar; 71(3): 415-21.
[45]
Leung BP, Sattar N, Crilly A, et al. A novel anti-inflammatory role for simvastatin in inflammatory arthritis. J Immunol 2003; 170(3): 1524-30.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.4049/jimmunol.170.3.1524] [PMID: 12538717]
[46]
Pocovi-Gerardino G, Correa-Rodriguez M, Rubio J-LC, Fernandez RR, Amada MM, Caparros M-GC, et al. The relationships of high-sensitivity c-reactive protein and homocysteine levels with disease activity, damage accrual, and cardiovascular risk in systemic lupus erythematosus. Biol Res Nurs 2020; 22(2): 169-77.
[PMID: 31763930]
[47]
Zhang X, Zhang X, Li X, Feng J, Chen X. Association of metabolic syndrome with atherogenic index of plasma in an urban Chinese population: A 15-year prospective study. Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis 2019; 29(11): 1214-9.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.numecd.2019.07.006] [PMID: 31378627]
[48]
Hammam N, Rashad SM, Mohamed AAA. Metabolic syndrome in systemic lupus erythematosus patients: Relationship to disease activity and neuropsychiatric lupus. Z Rheumatol 2018; 77(10): 938-45.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00393-018-0447-0] [PMID: 29651573]
[49]
Sabira Dabeer NS, Abhay N. Correlation between CRP and atherogenic index and assessment of cardiovascular disease risk in patients with rheumatic arthritis. Int J Res Rev 2019; 6(12): 17-21.
[50]
Symmons DPM. Do we need a disease-specific cardiovascular risk calculator for patients with rheumatoid arthritis? Arthritis & rheumatology (Hoboken, NJ). United States 2015; Vol. 67: pp. 1990-4.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/art.39199]

Rights & Permissions Print Cite
Article Metrics
15
World Hemophilia Day
© 2024 Bentham Science Publishers | Privacy Policy