Toll-Like Receptors in Diseases of the Lung

Toll-Like Receptors in Diseases of the Lung

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This e-book is a review on current understanding of the role of toll-like receptors (TLRs) in the lung in health and disease. Topics covered include 1) the expression, function and activation of TLRs ...
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Toll-Like Receptor Recognition of Fungal Pathogens in the Lung

Pp. 133-150 (18)

Sanjay H. Chotirmall, Catherine A. Coughlan and Emer P. Reeves

Abstract

The incidence of pulmonary complications involving fungal infections has increased over the last decade and is a common cause of morbidity and mortality. Candida species are one of the yeast most frequently identified in clinical samples, whilst Aspergillus is the most commonly found filamentous fungus. The major risk factor for fungal infection is host immunosuppression includes individuals undergoing solid organ transplant and those with HIV infection. This chapter aims to provide an overview of the epidemiology and clinical features of fungal lung infection, the expression, function and activation of relevant TLRs within the airways and a discussion of currently used and new antifungal agents and strategies.

Keywords:

Candida spp., Aspergillus spp., TLRs, lung.

Affiliation:

Respiratory Research Division, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Education and Research Centre, Beaumont Hospital, Dublin 9, Ireland