Abstract
Neisseria gonorrhoeae (GC), a major cause of pelvic inflammatory disease, can facilitate HIV transmission. In response to GC infection, genital epithelial cells can produce cytokines, chemokines and defensins to modulate HIV infection and infectivity. GC can also induce the production of cytokines and chemokines in monocytes and modulate T cell activation. In vivo, an increase in the number of endocervical CD4+ T cells has been found in GC-infected women. Additionally, GC appears to modulate HIV-specific immune responses in HIV-exposed sex workers. Interestingly, in vitro, GC exhibits HIV enhancing or inhibitory effects depending on the HIV target cells. This review summarizes molecular and immunological aspects of the modulation of HIV infection and transmission by GC. Future studies using a multi-cellular system or in animal models will offer insight into the mechanisms by which GC increases HIV transmission.
Keywords: Neisseria gonorrhoea, GC-HIV co-infection, HIV transmission.
Current HIV Research
Title:Modulation of HIV Transmission by Neisseria gonorrhoeae: Molecular and Immunological Aspects
Volume: 10 Issue: 3
Author(s): Gary A. Jarvis and Theresa L. Chang
Affiliation:
Keywords: Neisseria gonorrhoea, GC-HIV co-infection, HIV transmission.
Abstract: Neisseria gonorrhoeae (GC), a major cause of pelvic inflammatory disease, can facilitate HIV transmission. In response to GC infection, genital epithelial cells can produce cytokines, chemokines and defensins to modulate HIV infection and infectivity. GC can also induce the production of cytokines and chemokines in monocytes and modulate T cell activation. In vivo, an increase in the number of endocervical CD4+ T cells has been found in GC-infected women. Additionally, GC appears to modulate HIV-specific immune responses in HIV-exposed sex workers. Interestingly, in vitro, GC exhibits HIV enhancing or inhibitory effects depending on the HIV target cells. This review summarizes molecular and immunological aspects of the modulation of HIV infection and transmission by GC. Future studies using a multi-cellular system or in animal models will offer insight into the mechanisms by which GC increases HIV transmission.
Export Options
About this article
Cite this article as:
A. Jarvis Gary and L. Chang Theresa, Modulation of HIV Transmission by Neisseria gonorrhoeae: Molecular and Immunological Aspects, Current HIV Research 2012; 10 (3) . https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/157016212800618138
DOI https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/157016212800618138 |
Print ISSN 1570-162X |
Publisher Name Bentham Science Publisher |
Online ISSN 1873-4251 |
Call for Papers in Thematic Issues
Management of HIV: Management of HIV: old challenges and new needs
The aim of this thematic issue is to provide the most recent updates regarding the effective management of HIV infection. Antiretroviral therapy (ART) has significantly decreased HIV-related mortality, leading to an enhancement in the quality of life and life expectancy for people living with HIV (PLWH). Despite the numerous advancements ...read more
- Author Guidelines
- Graphical Abstracts
- Fabricating and Stating False Information
- Research Misconduct
- Post Publication Discussions and Corrections
- Publishing Ethics and Rectitude
- Increase Visibility of Your Article
- Archiving Policies
- Peer Review Workflow
- Order Your Article Before Print
- Promote Your Article
- Manuscript Transfer Facility
- Editorial Policies
- Allegations from Whistleblowers
Related Articles
-
Antimicrobial and Antioxidant Properties of <i>Satureja Montana</i> L. and S. Subspicata Vis. (Lamiaceae)
Current Drug Targets The Double Identity of WSX-1 (IL-27R) as an Initiator and an Attenuator of Immune Responses
Current Immunology Reviews (Discontinued) Amplified Crosstalk Between Estrogen Binding and GFR Signaling Mediated Pathways of ER Activation Drives Responses in Tumors Treated with Endocrine Disruptors
Recent Patents on Anti-Cancer Drug Discovery Integration of Pharmacogenomics and Pharmacometrics to Support Drug Development, Regulatory and Therapeutic Decisions
Current Pharmacogenomics and Personalized Medicine Biologicals Dramatic Advances in the Treatment of Psoriasis
Current Pharmaceutical Design Editorial
Current Diabetes Reviews Calcium Ions in Inherited Cardiomyopathies
Medicinal Chemistry NPY and Receptors in Immune and Inflammatory Diseases
Current Topics in Medicinal Chemistry Immunological Aspects of the Complex Regional Pain Syndrome (CRPS)
Current Pharmaceutical Design The Renin-Angiotensin System: Emerging Concepts
Current Hypertension Reviews Post-Panning Computer-Aided Analysis of Phagotope Collections Selected with Neurocysticercosis Patient Polyclonal Antibodies Separation of Disease-Relevant and Irrelevant Peptide Sequences
Combinatorial Chemistry & High Throughput Screening Molecular Docking of Opiates and Opioid Peptides, a Tool for the Design of Selective Agonists and Antagonists, and for the Investigation of Atypical Ligand-Receptor Interactions
Current Medicinal Chemistry Nonviral Gene Therapy
Current Gene Therapy Preface
Current Pharmaceutical Design Gut Microbiome and Insomnia: A Mini-Review
New Emirates Medical Journal Other Future Targeting Therapy Beyond TNF-α Inhibitor in Patients with Spondyloarthropathy
Current Rheumatology Reviews Misoprostol Reverse Hippocampal Neuron Cyclooxygenase-2 Downstream Signaling Imbalance in Aluminum-Overload Rats
Current Alzheimer Research Platelet-Activating Factor (PAF) Antagonists Attenuate Inflammatory- Based Pain: Potential Cellular and Anatomical Sites of PAF Action
Central Nervous System Agents in Medicinal Chemistry Understanding Abnormal c-JNK/p38MAPK Signaling in Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis: Potential Drug Targets and Influences on Neurological Disorders
CNS & Neurological Disorders - Drug Targets Discovery of Small-Molecule Inhibitors of HCV NS3-4A Protease as Potential Therapeutic Agents against HCV Infection
Current Medicinal Chemistry