Abstract
Treatment of metastatic melanoma is a challenge for clinicians as most agents have failed to demonstrate improved survival in phase III trials. Despite the immunogenicity of this tumor entity, different immunological interventions including cytokine therapy, vaccination, biochemotherapy or allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation did not lead to a satisfactory response. However, continuous investigation on the immune mediated rejection of melanoma cells has led to the development of effective antibodies blocking cytotoxic T-lymphocyte antigen-4 (CTLA-4), a critical negative regulator of the antitumor T-cell response. Based on data from rodent models, the anti-CTLA-4 antibody ipilimumab was developed into clinical studies where it had encouraging activity in advanced melanoma with unusual response patterns. As in most immunostimulatory therapies, acute toxicities were severe and clearly mechanism-related. Although some patients developed signs of autoimmunity, the toxicities were overall manageable and mostly reversible.
This review summarizes different immunotherapeutical approaches against melanoma that have been applied in the past and focuses on CTLA-4 blockade with respect to its mechanism, clinical effectiveness and immunological side effects.
Keywords: Allogeneic transplantation, CTLA-4, immunotherapy, malignant melanoma
Current Stem Cell Research & Therapy
Title:Immunotherapy for Malignant Melanoma Robert
Volume: 7 Issue: 3
Author(s): Robert Zeiser, Marc Schnitzler, Hana Andrlová, Tina Hellige and Frank Meiss
Affiliation:
Keywords: Allogeneic transplantation, CTLA-4, immunotherapy, malignant melanoma
Abstract: Treatment of metastatic melanoma is a challenge for clinicians as most agents have failed to demonstrate improved survival in phase III trials. Despite the immunogenicity of this tumor entity, different immunological interventions including cytokine therapy, vaccination, biochemotherapy or allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation did not lead to a satisfactory response. However, continuous investigation on the immune mediated rejection of melanoma cells has led to the development of effective antibodies blocking cytotoxic T-lymphocyte antigen-4 (CTLA-4), a critical negative regulator of the antitumor T-cell response. Based on data from rodent models, the anti-CTLA-4 antibody ipilimumab was developed into clinical studies where it had encouraging activity in advanced melanoma with unusual response patterns. As in most immunostimulatory therapies, acute toxicities were severe and clearly mechanism-related. Although some patients developed signs of autoimmunity, the toxicities were overall manageable and mostly reversible.
This review summarizes different immunotherapeutical approaches against melanoma that have been applied in the past and focuses on CTLA-4 blockade with respect to its mechanism, clinical effectiveness and immunological side effects.
Export Options
About this article
Cite this article as:
Zeiser Robert, Schnitzler Marc, Andrlová Hana, Hellige Tina and Meiss Frank, Immunotherapy for Malignant Melanoma Robert, Current Stem Cell Research & Therapy 2012; 7 (3) . https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/157488812799859883
DOI https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/157488812799859883 |
Print ISSN 1574-888X |
Publisher Name Bentham Science Publisher |
Online ISSN 2212-3946 |
- Author Guidelines
- Graphical Abstracts
- Fabricating and Stating False Information
- Research Misconduct
- Post Publication Discussions and Corrections
- Publishing Ethics and Rectitude
- Increase Visibility of Your Article
- Archiving Policies
- Peer Review Workflow
- Order Your Article Before Print
- Promote Your Article
- Manuscript Transfer Facility
- Editorial Policies
- Allegations from Whistleblowers
- Announcements
Related Articles
-
Mesenchymal Stem Cells Derived from Wharton's Jelly of the Umbilical Cord: Biological Properties and Emerging Clinical Applications
Current Stem Cell Research & Therapy How Do Microtubule-Targeted Drugs Work? An Overview
Current Cancer Drug Targets New Spirocyclic Hydroxamic Acids as Effective Antiproliferative Agents
Anti-Cancer Agents in Medicinal Chemistry Cu-mediated synthesis of 2,3-dihydro-1H-pyrrolo[3,2,1-ij]quinolin-1-ones as potential inhibitors of sirtuins
Letters in Drug Design & Discovery AFM Applications to the Analysis of Plasma-Treated Surface Growth and Nanocomposite Materials
Current Nanoscience Synthesis and Antitumor Evaluation of Novel N-substituted Norcantharidin Imidazolium Derivatives
Current Organic Synthesis A Review of Therapeutic Effects of Curcumin
Current Pharmaceutical Design Innovative Therapeutic Potential of Cannabinoid Receptors as Targets in Alzheimer’s Disease and Less Well-Known Diseases
Current Medicinal Chemistry Virotherapy as An Approach Against Cancer Stem Cells
Current Gene Therapy Potential and Perspectives of Cyclonucleosides
Current Medicinal Chemistry Proteomic Analysis of Neutrophil Priming by PAF
Protein & Peptide Letters Inhibitors of 17β-Hydroxysteroid Dehydrogenases
Current Medicinal Chemistry Genetic Engineering of AAV Capsid Gene for Gene Therapy Application
Current Gene Therapy FoxO Transcription Factors and Regenerative Pathways in Diabetes Mellitus
Current Neurovascular Research Improving the Effect of FDA-Mandated Drug Safety Alerts with Internet- Based Continuing Medical Education
Current Drug Safety Modulating Co-Stimulation During Antigen Presentation to Enhance Cancer Immunotherapy
Immunology, Endocrine & Metabolic Agents in Medicinal Chemistry (Discontinued) New Insights about the Potential Application of the Association of Vitamins C (Sodium Ascorbate) and K3 (Menadione) as Auxiliary Therapy in Cancer Treatment
Medicinal Chemistry Reviews - Online (Discontinued) Soluble Adhesion Molecules in the Pathogenesis of Rheumatoid Arthritis
Current Pharmaceutical Design Drug Delivery Systems Using Immobilized Intact Liposomes: A Comparative and Critical Review
Current Drug Delivery Rational Targeting of the Urokinase Receptor (uPAR): Development of Antagonists and Non-Invasive Imaging Probes
Current Drug Targets