Abstract
Spinal cord (SC) injury causes serious neurological alterations that importantly disturb the physical, emotional and economical stability of affected individuals. Damage to the neural tissue is primarily caused by the lesion itself and secondarily by a multitude of destructive mechanisms that develop afterwards. Unfortunately, the restoring capacity of the central nervous system is very limited because of reduced intrinsic growth capacity and non-permissive environment for axonal elongation. The regenerative processes are blocked by diverse factors such as growth inhibitory proteins and the glial scar formed in the site of lesion. In spite of these problems, central neurons regenerate if a permissive environment is provided. In line with this thought, some pharmacological compounds have been tested to achieve neuroregeneration. The main objective of this manuscript is to provide the state-of-art of chemotherapeutic treatments for spinal cord regeneration after injury in the field. The efficacy and usefulness of different therapeutic strategies will be reviewed, including Rho-ROCK inhibitors, cyclic AMPenhancers, glial scar inhibitors and immunophilin ligands. Aside from this, the use of hydrogels alone or in combination with drugs, growth factors or stem cells will also be revised.
Keywords: Cyclic AMP-enhancers, glial scar inhibitors, hydrogels, immunophilin ligands, paraplegia, regeneration, Rho pathway antagonists, spinal cord transection
Current Drug Discovery Technologies
Title: Pharmacological Approaches to Induce Neuroregeneration in Spinal Cord Injury: An Overview
Volume: 6 Issue: 2
Author(s): Susana Martinon and Antonio Ibarra
Affiliation:
Keywords: Cyclic AMP-enhancers, glial scar inhibitors, hydrogels, immunophilin ligands, paraplegia, regeneration, Rho pathway antagonists, spinal cord transection
Abstract: Spinal cord (SC) injury causes serious neurological alterations that importantly disturb the physical, emotional and economical stability of affected individuals. Damage to the neural tissue is primarily caused by the lesion itself and secondarily by a multitude of destructive mechanisms that develop afterwards. Unfortunately, the restoring capacity of the central nervous system is very limited because of reduced intrinsic growth capacity and non-permissive environment for axonal elongation. The regenerative processes are blocked by diverse factors such as growth inhibitory proteins and the glial scar formed in the site of lesion. In spite of these problems, central neurons regenerate if a permissive environment is provided. In line with this thought, some pharmacological compounds have been tested to achieve neuroregeneration. The main objective of this manuscript is to provide the state-of-art of chemotherapeutic treatments for spinal cord regeneration after injury in the field. The efficacy and usefulness of different therapeutic strategies will be reviewed, including Rho-ROCK inhibitors, cyclic AMPenhancers, glial scar inhibitors and immunophilin ligands. Aside from this, the use of hydrogels alone or in combination with drugs, growth factors or stem cells will also be revised.
Export Options
About this article
Cite this article as:
Martinon Susana and Ibarra Antonio, Pharmacological Approaches to Induce Neuroregeneration in Spinal Cord Injury: An Overview, Current Drug Discovery Technologies 2009; 6 (2) . https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/157016309788488320
DOI https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/157016309788488320 |
Print ISSN 1570-1638 |
Publisher Name Bentham Science Publisher |
Online ISSN 1875-6220 |
- Author Guidelines
- Graphical Abstracts
- Fabricating and Stating False Information
- Research Misconduct
- Post Publication Discussions and Corrections
- Publishing Ethics and Rectitude
- Increase Visibility of Your Article
- Archiving Policies
- Peer Review Workflow
- Order Your Article Before Print
- Promote Your Article
- Manuscript Transfer Facility
- Editorial Policies
- Allegations from Whistleblowers
- Announcements
Related Articles
-
Osteoprotegerin and Diabetes-Associated Pathologies
Current Molecular Medicine Autonomic Nervous System Alterations in Rett Syndrome
Current Pediatric Reviews Evaluation of Pregabalin Therapy in Peripheral Neuropathy
Immunology, Endocrine & Metabolic Agents in Medicinal Chemistry (Discontinued) Nicotinamide Phosphoribosyltransferase as a Target in Inflammation- Related Disorders
Current Topics in Medicinal Chemistry Melatonin Therapy of Pediatric Sleep Disorders: Recent Advances, Why it Works, Who are the Candidates and How to Treat
Current Pediatric Reviews Trends in Mitochondrial Therapeutics for Neurological Disease
Current Medicinal Chemistry In Vivo Imaging of the Diseased Nervous System: An Update
Current Pharmaceutical Design α-Synuclein Misfolding and Neurodegenerative Diseases
Current Protein & Peptide Science 9th International Meeting on Metabotropic Gglutamate Receptors (Taormina, Sicily, October 1-6, 2017).
Current Neuropharmacology The Expanding Universe of Neurotrophic Factors: Therapeutic Potential in Aging and Age-Associated Disorders
Current Pharmaceutical Design The Role of Uric Acid and Methyl Derivatives in the Prevention of Age-Related Neurodegenerative Disorders
Current Topics in Medicinal Chemistry Contribution of Catecholamine Reactive Intermediates and Oxidative Stress to the Pathologic Features of Heart Diseases
Current Medicinal Chemistry Novel Neuroendocrine and Metabolic Mechanism Provides the Patented Platform for Important Rejuvenation Therapies: Targeted Therapy of Telomere Attrition and Lifestyle Changes of Telomerase Activity with the Timing of Neuron-Specific Imidazole-Containing Dipeptide-Dominant Pharmaconutrition Provision
Recent Patents on Endocrine, Metabolic & Immune Drug Discovery Propofol Inhibits Caspase-3 in Astroglial Cells: Role of Heme Oxygenase-1
Current Neurovascular Research Recent Progress in the Development of Selective TRPV1 Antagonists for Pain
Current Topics in Medicinal Chemistry Editorial: Smart Drug Delivery Systems (Part 1)
Current Drug Targets Extracellular Hsp70: Export and Function
Current Protein & Peptide Science P75NTR Exacerbates SCI-induced Mitochondrial Damage and Neuronal Apoptosis Depending on NTRK3
Current Neurovascular Research The Neurotrophins and Their Role in Alzheimers Disease
Current Neuropharmacology Tissue Injury and Related Mediators of Pain Exacerbation
Current Neuropharmacology