Abstract
Thalamocortical neurons in mammals fire action potentials in two different modes, burst or tonic, depending on the cellular state. The burst firing is driven by the low threshold Ca2+ spike that is generated by Ca2+ influx through T-type Ca2+ channels, and has long been implicated in the pathogenesis of absence epilepsy and the regulation of sleep rhythms. The recent availability of the knock-out mice for theα1G locus, encoding the predominant form of T-type channels in thalamocortical neurons, has provided an opportunity to examine those ideas at the level of organism. In this review we will describe recent results demonstrating the essential role of thalamic bursts in certain forms of absence seizures and in some of the sleep rhythms. Available information so far reveals the sensory gating role of thalamic bursts, and thus of 1G T-type channels. Understanding of the molecular targets involved in pathophysiological mechanisms will help develop drugs to control those pathological states.
Keywords: spike wave discharges (SWDs), GABA receptor, non-rapid eye movement (NREM), Sleep Oscillations, Human Absence Epilepsy
CNS & Neurological Disorders - Drug Targets
Title: Genetic Studies on the Role of T-Type Ca2+ Channels in Sleep and Absence Epilepsy
Volume: 5 Issue: 6
Author(s): Hee-Sup Shin, Jungryun Lee and Inseon Song
Affiliation:
Keywords: spike wave discharges (SWDs), GABA receptor, non-rapid eye movement (NREM), Sleep Oscillations, Human Absence Epilepsy
Abstract: Thalamocortical neurons in mammals fire action potentials in two different modes, burst or tonic, depending on the cellular state. The burst firing is driven by the low threshold Ca2+ spike that is generated by Ca2+ influx through T-type Ca2+ channels, and has long been implicated in the pathogenesis of absence epilepsy and the regulation of sleep rhythms. The recent availability of the knock-out mice for theα1G locus, encoding the predominant form of T-type channels in thalamocortical neurons, has provided an opportunity to examine those ideas at the level of organism. In this review we will describe recent results demonstrating the essential role of thalamic bursts in certain forms of absence seizures and in some of the sleep rhythms. Available information so far reveals the sensory gating role of thalamic bursts, and thus of 1G T-type channels. Understanding of the molecular targets involved in pathophysiological mechanisms will help develop drugs to control those pathological states.
Export Options
About this article
Cite this article as:
Shin Hee-Sup, Lee Jungryun and Song Inseon, Genetic Studies on the Role of T-Type Ca2+ Channels in Sleep and Absence Epilepsy, CNS & Neurological Disorders - Drug Targets 2006; 5 (6) . https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/187152706779025553
DOI https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/187152706779025553 |
Print ISSN 1871-5273 |
Publisher Name Bentham Science Publisher |
Online ISSN 1996-3181 |
Call for Papers in Thematic Issues
Diagnosis and treatment of central nervous system infectious diseases
Infectious diseases of the central nervous system (CNS) can be divided into bacterial, tuberculous, viral, fungal, parasitic infections, etc. Early etiological treatment is often the most crucial means to reduce the mortality rate of patients with central nervous system infections, reduce complications and sequelae, and improve prognosis. The initial clinical ...read more
Techniques of Drug Repurposing: Delivering a new life to Herbs & Drugs
Of late, with the adaptation of innovative approaches and integration of advancements made towards medical sciences as well as the availability of a wide range of tools; several therapeutic challenges are being translated into viable clinical solutions, with a high degree of efficacy, safety, and selectivity. With a better understanding ...read more
Trends and perspectives in the rational management of CNS disorders
Central nervous system (CNS) diseases enforce a significant global health burden, driving ongoing efforts to improve our understanding and effectiveness of therapy. This issue investigates current advances in the discipline, focusing on the understanding as well as therapeutic handling of various CNS diseases. The issue covers a variety of diseases, ...read more
- Author Guidelines
- Graphical Abstracts
- Fabricating and Stating False Information
- Research Misconduct
- Post Publication Discussions and Corrections
- Publishing Ethics and Rectitude
- Increase Visibility of Your Article
- Archiving Policies
- Peer Review Workflow
- Order Your Article Before Print
- Promote Your Article
- Manuscript Transfer Facility
- Editorial Policies
- Allegations from Whistleblowers
Related Articles
-
Early Prediction of Preeclampsia: Hope for Early Intervention?
Current Women`s Health Reviews The Role of Adenosine in Alzheimers Disease
Current Neuropharmacology Glycobiology of Neural Stem Cells
CNS & Neurological Disorders - Drug Targets Emerging Evidence for the Role of Neurotransmitters in the Modulation of T Cell Responses to Cognate Ligands
Central Nervous System Agents in Medicinal Chemistry Metabotropic Glutamate Receptor 5 in Down's Syndrome Hippocampus During Development: Increased Expression in Astrocytes
Current Alzheimer Research Graphical Abstracts
Current Neuropharmacology Takotsubo Cardiomyopathy: What we have Learned in the Last 25 Years? (A Comparative Literature Review)
Current Cardiology Reviews Current Prodrug Design for Drug Discovery
Current Pharmaceutical Design The Role of Melatonin in the Immuno-Neuro-Psychology of Mental Disorders
Recent Patents on CNS Drug Discovery (Discontinued) The Impact of Combination Therapy with a-Blockers and 5ARIs on the Progression of BPH
Current Drug Targets Development of Radioligands for the Imaging of α7 Nicotinic Acetylcholine Receptors with Positron Emission Tomography
Current Drug Targets Developing Pharmacotherapies for Cannabis and Cocaine Use Disorders
Current Neuropharmacology Meldrum's Acid in Organic Synthesis, an Outlook to Reaction Media
Current Organic Chemistry Design, Synthesis and in silico Studies of New 5-substituted-2-(2-(5-aryl- 1H-1, 2, 4-triazole-3-ylthio) acetyl) Hydrazine Carbothioamide/ Carboxamides for Anticonvulsant Activity
Letters in Drug Design & Discovery Potential Health Benefits of Passion Fruit Peel Flour
The Natural Products Journal Synthesis and Evaluation of Anticonvulsant Activity of Some N-[(4-Chlor- 2-methylphenoxy)ethyl]- and N-[(4-Chlor-2-methylphenoxy)acetyl]aminoalkanols
Letters in Drug Design & Discovery Progress and Outlooks in a Genetic Absence Epilepsy Model (WAG/Rij)
Current Medicinal Chemistry Neuro-psychopharmacogenetics and Neurological Antecedents of Posttraumatic Stress Disorder: Unlocking the Mysteries of Resilience and Vulnerability
Current Neuropharmacology Protective Mechanisms of Helminths Against Reactive Oxygen Species are Highly Promising Drug Targets
Current Medicinal Chemistry Polymeric Materials and Formulation Technologies for Modified-Release Tablet Development
Mini-Reviews in Medicinal Chemistry