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Current Topics in Medicinal Chemistry

Editor-in-Chief

ISSN (Print): 1568-0266
ISSN (Online): 1873-4294

Small Molecule 11β- Hydroxysteroid Dehydrogenase Type 1 Inhibitors

Author(s): Daqing Sun, Minghan Wang and Zhulun Wang

Volume 11, Issue 12, 2011

Page: [1464 - 1475] Pages: 12

DOI: 10.2174/156802611795860988

Price: $65

Abstract

11β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 1 (11β-HSD1) catalyzes the interconversion of inactive cortisone to active cortisol in a NADPH dependent manner. Excess cortisol or 11β-HSD1 leads to insulin resistance and metabolic syndrome. Inhibition of 11β-HSD1 activity has been pursued vigorously by the pharmaceutical industry as a potential therapeutic strategy for the treatment of type 2 diabetes. As a result, a large number of chemical classes have been identified as potent and selective small molecule inhibitors for 11β-HSD1. Here we review the recent progress in the discovery and development of small molecule inhibitors of 11β-HSD1 by highlighting the medicinal chemistry, SAR, in vivo pharmacodynamic effects and efficacy of a few representative classes of inhibitors in models of diabetes. Furthermore, we also review the structural characteristics of each class of inhibitors by analyzing the inhibitor co-crystal structures of 11β- HSD1.

Keywords: 11β-HSD1, 11β-HSD2, metabolic syndrome, type 2 diabetes, sulfonamide, amide, triazole, insulin resistance, SAR, pharmacodynamic effects, efficacy, co-crystal structures, Glucocorticoids, anti-inflammatory hormones


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