Abstract
Tumor cell migration and invasion play fundamental roles in cancer metastasis. The mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR), a highly conserved and ubiquitously expressed serine/threonine (Ser/Thr) kinase, is a central regulator of cell growth, proliferation, differentiation and survival. Recent studies have shown that mTOR also plays a critical role in the regulation of tumor cell motility, invasion and cancer metastasis. Current knowledge indicates that mTOR functions as two distinct complexes, mTORC1 and mTORC2. mTORC1 phosphorylates p70 S6 kinase (S6K1) and eukaryotic initiation factor 4E (eIF4E) binding protein 1 (4E-BP1), and regulates cell growth, proliferation, survival and motility. mTORC2 phosphorylates Akt, protein kinase C α (PKCα) and the focal adhesion proteins, and controls the activities of the small GTPases (RhoA, Cdc42 and Rac1), and regulates cell survival and the actin cytoskeleton. Here we briefly review recent knowledge of mTOR complexes and the role of mTOR signaling in tumor cell migration and invasion. We also discuss recent efforts about the mechanism by which rapamycin, a specific inhibitor of mTOR, inhibits cell migration, invasion and cancer metastasis.
Keywords: metastasis, invasion, cell motility, mTOR, Rapamycin
Current Protein & Peptide Science
Title: Role of mTOR Signaling in Tumor Cell Motility, Invasion and Metastasis
Volume: 12 Issue: 1
Author(s): Shile Huang and Hongyu Zhou
Affiliation:
Keywords: metastasis, invasion, cell motility, mTOR, Rapamycin
Abstract: Tumor cell migration and invasion play fundamental roles in cancer metastasis. The mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR), a highly conserved and ubiquitously expressed serine/threonine (Ser/Thr) kinase, is a central regulator of cell growth, proliferation, differentiation and survival. Recent studies have shown that mTOR also plays a critical role in the regulation of tumor cell motility, invasion and cancer metastasis. Current knowledge indicates that mTOR functions as two distinct complexes, mTORC1 and mTORC2. mTORC1 phosphorylates p70 S6 kinase (S6K1) and eukaryotic initiation factor 4E (eIF4E) binding protein 1 (4E-BP1), and regulates cell growth, proliferation, survival and motility. mTORC2 phosphorylates Akt, protein kinase C α (PKCα) and the focal adhesion proteins, and controls the activities of the small GTPases (RhoA, Cdc42 and Rac1), and regulates cell survival and the actin cytoskeleton. Here we briefly review recent knowledge of mTOR complexes and the role of mTOR signaling in tumor cell migration and invasion. We also discuss recent efforts about the mechanism by which rapamycin, a specific inhibitor of mTOR, inhibits cell migration, invasion and cancer metastasis.
Export Options
About this article
Cite this article as:
Huang Shile and Zhou Hongyu, Role of mTOR Signaling in Tumor Cell Motility, Invasion and Metastasis, Current Protein & Peptide Science 2011; 12 (1) . https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/138920311795659407
DOI https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/138920311795659407 |
Print ISSN 1389-2037 |
Publisher Name Bentham Science Publisher |
Online ISSN 1875-5550 |
Call for Papers in Thematic Issues
Advancements in Proteomic and Peptidomic Approaches in Cancer Immunotherapy: Unveiling the Immune Microenvironment
The scope of this thematic issue centers on the integration of proteomic and peptidomic technologies into the field of cancer immunotherapy, with a particular emphasis on exploring the tumor immune microenvironment. This issue aims to gather contributions that illustrate the application of these advanced methodologies in unveiling the complex interplay ...read more
Artificial Intelligence for Protein Research
Protein research, essential for understanding biological processes and creating therapeutics, faces challenges due to the intricate nature of protein structures and functions. Traditional methods are limited in exploring the vast protein sequence space efficiently. Artificial intelligence (AI) and machine learning (ML) offer promising solutions by improving predictions and speeding up ...read more
Nutrition and Metabolism in Musculoskeletal Diseases
The musculoskeletal system consists mainly of cartilage, bone, muscles, tendons, connective tissue and ligaments. Balanced metabolism is of vital importance for the homeostasis of the musculoskeletal system. A series of musculoskeletal diseases (for example, sarcopenia, osteoporosis) are resulted from the dysregulated metabolism of the musculoskeletal system. Furthermore, metabolic diseases (such ...read more
Protein Folding, Aggregation and Liquid-Liquid Phase Separation
Protein folding, misfolding and aggregation remain one of the main problems of interdisciplinary science not only because many questions are still open, but also because they are important from the point of view of practical application. Protein aggregation and formation of fibrillar structures, for example, is a hallmark of a ...read more
Related Journals
- Author Guidelines
- Graphical Abstracts
- Fabricating and Stating False Information
- Research Misconduct
- Post Publication Discussions and Corrections
- Publishing Ethics and Rectitude
- Increase Visibility of Your Article
- Archiving Policies
- Peer Review Workflow
- Order Your Article Before Print
- Promote Your Article
- Manuscript Transfer Facility
- Editorial Policies
- Allegations from Whistleblowers
Related Articles
-
Endocannabinoid System: Emerging Role from Neurodevelopment to Neurodegeneration
Mini-Reviews in Medicinal Chemistry Angiotensin II, Cell Proliferation and Angiogenesis Regulator: Biologic and Therapeutic Implications in Cancer
Current Vascular Pharmacology From Axonal Transport to Mitochondrial Trafficking: What Can We Learn from Manganese-Enhanced MRI Studies in Mouse Models of Alzheimers Disease?
Current Medical Imaging Vascular Targeting: A New Antitumor Activity
Drug Design Reviews - Online (Discontinued) Antisense Strategies in Therapy of Gliomas
Current Signal Transduction Therapy A Simple, Efficient and Environmentally Benign Synthetic Protocol for the Synthesis of Spirooxindoles Using Choline Chloride-Oxalic Acid Eutectic Mixture as Catalyst/Solvent System
Combinatorial Chemistry & High Throughput Screening The Functions of Heparanase in Human Diseases
Mini-Reviews in Medicinal Chemistry Vascular microRNAs
Current Drug Targets MMPs in Ovarian Cancer as Therapeutic Targets
Anti-Cancer Agents in Medicinal Chemistry Bortezomib in the Treatment of Cancer
Recent Patents on Anti-Cancer Drug Discovery Advances in Anticancer Antibody-Drug Conjugates and Immunotoxins
Recent Patents on Anti-Cancer Drug Discovery Imaging Methods in Gene Therapy of Cancer
Current Gene Therapy ZIP4 is a Novel Diagnostic and Prognostic Marker in Human Pancreatic Cancer: A Systemic Comparison Between EUS-FNA and Surgical Specimens
Current Molecular Medicine CD95 Signaling in Cancer Treatment
Current Pharmaceutical Design The Role of Integrins in Glioma Biology and Anti-Glioma Therapies
Current Pharmaceutical Design Taming Oncogenic Signaling at Protein Interfaces: Challenges and Opportunities
Current Topics in Medicinal Chemistry Network Pharmacology and Reverse Molecular Docking-Based Prediction of the Molecular Targets and Pathways for Avicularin Against Cancer
Combinatorial Chemistry & High Throughput Screening Role of Angiogenesis Inhibitors in Colorectal Cancer: Sensitive and Insensitive Tumors
Current Cancer Drug Targets Renal Cell Carcinoma Cancer Stem Cells as Therapeutic Targets
Current Signal Transduction Therapy Fibroblast Growth Factors, Fibroblast Growth Factor Receptors, Diseases, and Drugs
Recent Patents on Cardiovascular Drug Discovery