Abstract
Cannabinoids are signalling molecules which elicit their vascular effects mainly via G protein-coupled CB1 receptors and transient receptor potential (TRP) channels (chiefly vanilloid TRPV1 receptors). Cannabinoids can act at prejunctional CB1 receptors to inhibit perivascular sympathetic neurotransmission. The effects of cannabinoids on perivascular capsaicin-sensitive sensory nerves are more complex. Certain cannabinoids can activate sensory nerves through actions on TRPV1 receptors and other TRP channels, which leads to sensory neurotransmitter release (mainly calcitonin generelated peptide) and vasorelaxation. However, activation of TRP/TRPV1 channels can also lead to desensitization and loss of sensory nerve activity. Concentration and time of exposure may be critical in determining which of these opposite effects of cannabinoids prevails. In addition, there is evidence for the expression of CB1 receptors on perivascular capsaicinsensitive sensory nerves, coupled to inhibition of neurotransmitter release. There is evidence that the archetypal cannabinoid anandamide is released as a neurotransmitter in the central nervous system, and from sensory ganglia, but a release of cannabinoids from perivascular nerves has yet to be clearly demonstrated. Hence, with regard to perivascular nerves, cannabinoids appear to act principally as prejunctional modulators of neurotransmission. The diverse prejunctional effects of cannabinoids may be novel targets for therapies designed to treat vascular disease.
Keywords: Anandamide, autonomic nervous system, cannabinoids, peripheral nervous system, sensory nerves, sympathetic nerves, vanilloids
Current Vascular Pharmacology
Title: Cannabinoid Modulation of Perivascular Sympathetic and Sensory Neurotransmission
Volume: 7 Issue: 1
Author(s): Vera Ralevic and David A. Kendall
Affiliation:
Keywords: Anandamide, autonomic nervous system, cannabinoids, peripheral nervous system, sensory nerves, sympathetic nerves, vanilloids
Abstract: Cannabinoids are signalling molecules which elicit their vascular effects mainly via G protein-coupled CB1 receptors and transient receptor potential (TRP) channels (chiefly vanilloid TRPV1 receptors). Cannabinoids can act at prejunctional CB1 receptors to inhibit perivascular sympathetic neurotransmission. The effects of cannabinoids on perivascular capsaicin-sensitive sensory nerves are more complex. Certain cannabinoids can activate sensory nerves through actions on TRPV1 receptors and other TRP channels, which leads to sensory neurotransmitter release (mainly calcitonin generelated peptide) and vasorelaxation. However, activation of TRP/TRPV1 channels can also lead to desensitization and loss of sensory nerve activity. Concentration and time of exposure may be critical in determining which of these opposite effects of cannabinoids prevails. In addition, there is evidence for the expression of CB1 receptors on perivascular capsaicinsensitive sensory nerves, coupled to inhibition of neurotransmitter release. There is evidence that the archetypal cannabinoid anandamide is released as a neurotransmitter in the central nervous system, and from sensory ganglia, but a release of cannabinoids from perivascular nerves has yet to be clearly demonstrated. Hence, with regard to perivascular nerves, cannabinoids appear to act principally as prejunctional modulators of neurotransmission. The diverse prejunctional effects of cannabinoids may be novel targets for therapies designed to treat vascular disease.
Export Options
About this article
Cite this article as:
Ralevic Vera and Kendall A. David, Cannabinoid Modulation of Perivascular Sympathetic and Sensory Neurotransmission, Current Vascular Pharmacology 2009; 7 (1) . https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/157016109787354114
DOI https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/157016109787354114 |
Print ISSN 1570-1611 |
Publisher Name Bentham Science Publisher |
Online ISSN 1875-6212 |
Call for Papers in Thematic Issues
Ischemic Cardiovascular Diseases: Mechanisms, Diagnosis and Therapy
Ischemic cardiovascular disease includes myocardial infarction, coronary atherosclerotic heart disease, angina pectoris, etc., constitute the leading cause of patient mortality by preventing tissues from getting sufficient oxygen and nutrients. Ischemic heart disease, as a clinical condition, is characterized by myocardial ischemia, causing an imbalance between myocardial blood supply and demand, ...read more
TREATMENT OF CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASE IN CHRONIC AND END STAGE KIDNEY DISEASE
Cardiovascular disease still remains the leading cause of death in Chronic and End Stage Kidney Disease, accounting for more than half of all deaths in dialysis patients. During the past decade, research has been focused on novel therapeutic agents that might delay or even reverse cardiovascular disease and vascular calcification, ...read more
- Author Guidelines
- Graphical Abstracts
- Fabricating and Stating False Information
- Research Misconduct
- Post Publication Discussions and Corrections
- Publishing Ethics and Rectitude
- Increase Visibility of Your Article
- Archiving Policies
- Peer Review Workflow
- Order Your Article Before Print
- Promote Your Article
- Manuscript Transfer Facility
- Editorial Policies
- Allegations from Whistleblowers
- Announcements
Related Articles
-
Pharmacology of Appetite Suppression: Implication for the Treatment of Obesity
Current Drug Targets Dual Acting Anti-Inflammatory Drugs
Current Topics in Medicinal Chemistry Impact of Hyperhomocyst(e)inemia on Endothelial Function
Vascular Disease Prevention (Discontinued) Results of Controlled Clinical Trials Comparing “Guideline Exposed” and “Guideline Naive” Physicians in the Treatment of Depression, Hypertension,and Diabetes: What can be Learned?
Current Psychiatry Reviews Emerging Targets for the Treatment of Dyslipidemia
Current Medicinal Chemistry Low Birth Weight and Risk of Obesity - A Potential Problem for the Japanese People
Current Women`s Health Reviews Vulnerable Plaque Versus Vulnerable Patient: Emerging Blood Biomarkers for Risk Stratification
Endocrine, Metabolic & Immune Disorders - Drug Targets The Immune System and the Brain: Crosstalk with a Broad Impact From Host Defense to Cognition
Current Neurovascular Research The Beneficial Role of Vitamin D in Human Immunodeficiency Virus Infection
Current HIV Research Antisense Oligonucleotides for the Treatment of Dyslipidemia
Current Pharmaceutical Design Is the Carotid Plaque Rupture a Pivotal Event in Stroke Pathogenesis? Update on the Role of the Intraplaque Inflammatory Processes
Current Vascular Pharmacology NMDA-antagonism (Memantine): An Alternative Pharmacological Therapeutic Principle in Alzheimers and Vascular Dementia
Current Pharmaceutical Design Resveratrol as a Potential Therapeutic Candidate for the Treatment and Management of Alzheimer's Disease
Current Topics in Medicinal Chemistry Targeting Heme Oxygenase-1 in Vascular Disease
Current Drug Targets Recent Clinical Aspects of Hyperprolactinemia Induced by Antipsychotics
Reviews on Recent Clinical Trials Structure, Function, and Pathogenesis of SHP2 in Developmental Disorders and Tumorigenesis
Current Cancer Drug Targets Editorial: Cures of Vascular Disease - The State
Current Vascular Pharmacology Hyperhomocysteinemia and Endothelial Dysfunction
Current Hypertension Reviews Gene Therapy (Part I)
Current Gene Therapy The Role of Trophoblast Nutrient and Ion Transporters in the Development of Pregnancy Complications and Adult Disease
Current Vascular Pharmacology