Abstract
Seizures is one of the most common neurological disorders in clinical medicine. Triggering mechanisms by which seizures form remain unclear, but are related to a rapid change in ionic composition, including an increase of intracellular potassium concentration and pH shifts within the brain. pH buffering of extra- and intracellular spaces is mainly carried out by the CO2 / HCO3 - buffer, the equilibration of the two species being assured by the zinc enzyme carbonic anhydrase (CA, EC 4.2.1.1). Some carbonic anhydrase inhibitors (CAIs) are used as anticonvulsants in the treatment of epilepsy. In this review, we will describe the link between CA and seizures on the basis of several putative mechanisms. Several CA isozymes have been pointed out for their contribution to epileptiform activity. An overview of the CA isozyme expression in the brain and of their specifics roles is also discussed. This article reviews the research achievements published on CA inhibitors, clinically used as anticonvulsant and those under development.
Keywords: Carbonic anhydrase, brain, seizures, epilepsy, pH, GABA (γ-aminobutyric), sulfonamides
Current Topics in Medicinal Chemistry
Title: Carbonic Anhydrase Inhibitors as Anticonvulsant Agents
Volume: 7 Issue: 9
Author(s): Anne Thiry, Jean-Michel Dogne, Claudiu T. Supuran and Bernard Masereel
Affiliation:
Keywords: Carbonic anhydrase, brain, seizures, epilepsy, pH, GABA (γ-aminobutyric), sulfonamides
Abstract: Seizures is one of the most common neurological disorders in clinical medicine. Triggering mechanisms by which seizures form remain unclear, but are related to a rapid change in ionic composition, including an increase of intracellular potassium concentration and pH shifts within the brain. pH buffering of extra- and intracellular spaces is mainly carried out by the CO2 / HCO3 - buffer, the equilibration of the two species being assured by the zinc enzyme carbonic anhydrase (CA, EC 4.2.1.1). Some carbonic anhydrase inhibitors (CAIs) are used as anticonvulsants in the treatment of epilepsy. In this review, we will describe the link between CA and seizures on the basis of several putative mechanisms. Several CA isozymes have been pointed out for their contribution to epileptiform activity. An overview of the CA isozyme expression in the brain and of their specifics roles is also discussed. This article reviews the research achievements published on CA inhibitors, clinically used as anticonvulsant and those under development.
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Cite this article as:
Thiry Anne, Dogne Jean-Michel, Supuran T. Claudiu and Masereel Bernard, Carbonic Anhydrase Inhibitors as Anticonvulsant Agents, Current Topics in Medicinal Chemistry 2007; 7 (9) . https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/156802607780636726
DOI https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/156802607780636726 |
Print ISSN 1568-0266 |
Publisher Name Bentham Science Publisher |
Online ISSN 1873-4294 |
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