Abstract
Acetylcholinesterase (AChE; EC 3.1.1.7) is a primary target of many insecticides including organophosphates (OP) and carbamates (CB). Because AChE is expressed in all invertebrate and vertebrate animals as a key enzyme of the cholinergic system, the toxicity of anticholinesterase insecticides to mammals and non-target species such as beneficial insects has been a great concern. In addition, the intensive use of OP and CB insecticides has resulted in the development of resistance in many insect pests, which has limited the use of anticholinesterase insecticides. Many aces encoding AChEs have been sequenced from a variety of vertebrates, insects and other invertebrates, and crystal structures of four AChEs have been determined in the past 20 years. Although the primary motifs and the three dimensional (3D) structures of different AChEs are similar, differences among AChEs are obvious. The catalytic properties and inhibition kinetics of AChEs from different groups of insects and mammals may be quite different, and two AChEs from a single insect may also show distinct differences. These differences may provide new opportunities for designing more selective insecticides for pest management.
Keywords: Acetylcholinesterase, insect AChE, selective insecticide, anti-resistant insecticide, AChE differences, inhibitor, mutation, pesticide, 3D structure, vertebrate animals
Current Drug Targets
Title: Can Acetylcholinesterase Serve as a Target for Developing More Selective Insecticides?
Volume: 13 Issue: 4
Author(s): Guo-Jun Lang, Kun Yan Zhu and Chuan-Xi Zhang
Affiliation:
Keywords: Acetylcholinesterase, insect AChE, selective insecticide, anti-resistant insecticide, AChE differences, inhibitor, mutation, pesticide, 3D structure, vertebrate animals
Abstract: Acetylcholinesterase (AChE; EC 3.1.1.7) is a primary target of many insecticides including organophosphates (OP) and carbamates (CB). Because AChE is expressed in all invertebrate and vertebrate animals as a key enzyme of the cholinergic system, the toxicity of anticholinesterase insecticides to mammals and non-target species such as beneficial insects has been a great concern. In addition, the intensive use of OP and CB insecticides has resulted in the development of resistance in many insect pests, which has limited the use of anticholinesterase insecticides. Many aces encoding AChEs have been sequenced from a variety of vertebrates, insects and other invertebrates, and crystal structures of four AChEs have been determined in the past 20 years. Although the primary motifs and the three dimensional (3D) structures of different AChEs are similar, differences among AChEs are obvious. The catalytic properties and inhibition kinetics of AChEs from different groups of insects and mammals may be quite different, and two AChEs from a single insect may also show distinct differences. These differences may provide new opportunities for designing more selective insecticides for pest management.
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Cite this article as:
Lang Guo-Jun, Yan Zhu Kun and Zhang Chuan-Xi, Can Acetylcholinesterase Serve as a Target for Developing More Selective Insecticides?, Current Drug Targets 2012; 13 (4) . https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/138945012799499712
DOI https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/138945012799499712 |
Print ISSN 1389-4501 |
Publisher Name Bentham Science Publisher |
Online ISSN 1873-5592 |
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