Abstract
Intracellular lipid homeostasis is regulated by multiple mechanisms devoted to the tight control of cholesterol levels. Cholesterol efflux to extracellular acceptors represents a cellular response to excess accumulation of lipids that occurs by both passive and active processes and was shown to exert a beneficial, antiatherosclerotic activity. Up to now 3 lipid transporters responsible for cholesterol removal from cells have been characterized: ATP Binding Cassette A1 (ABCA1), ATP Binding Cassette G1 (ABCG1) and Scavenger Receptor Class B Type I (SR-BI). These proteins widely differ in the pathway of efflux they mediate, as well as in the nature of extracellular acceptors they interact with. The experimental investigation of cholesterol efflux pathways can be efficiently performed in vitro, following precise criteria in the selection of cell types and extracellular acceptors to specifically investigate the mechanism involved. The aim of this review is to describe how lipid transporter-mediated cholesterol efflux influences the intracellular trafficking of cholesterol and to provide methodological considerations for experimental evaluation of this process.
Keywords: apolipoproteins, ATP binding cassette A1 (ABCA1), ATP binding cassette G1 (ABCG1), cholesterol, HDL, scavenger receptor class B type I (SR-BI), antiatherosclerotic activity, multiple mechanisms, cholesterol efflux pathways, eukaryotic cell membranes, lipid efflux, Atherosclerosis originates, macrophage apoptosis and necrosis, endogenous synthesis
Current Pharmaceutical Biotechnology
Title: Cellular Cholesterol Efflux Pathways: Impact on Intracellular Lipid Trafficking and Methodological Considerations
Volume: 13 Issue: 2
Author(s): Ilaria Zanotti, Elda Favari and Franco Bernini
Affiliation:
Keywords: apolipoproteins, ATP binding cassette A1 (ABCA1), ATP binding cassette G1 (ABCG1), cholesterol, HDL, scavenger receptor class B type I (SR-BI), antiatherosclerotic activity, multiple mechanisms, cholesterol efflux pathways, eukaryotic cell membranes, lipid efflux, Atherosclerosis originates, macrophage apoptosis and necrosis, endogenous synthesis
Abstract: Intracellular lipid homeostasis is regulated by multiple mechanisms devoted to the tight control of cholesterol levels. Cholesterol efflux to extracellular acceptors represents a cellular response to excess accumulation of lipids that occurs by both passive and active processes and was shown to exert a beneficial, antiatherosclerotic activity. Up to now 3 lipid transporters responsible for cholesterol removal from cells have been characterized: ATP Binding Cassette A1 (ABCA1), ATP Binding Cassette G1 (ABCG1) and Scavenger Receptor Class B Type I (SR-BI). These proteins widely differ in the pathway of efflux they mediate, as well as in the nature of extracellular acceptors they interact with. The experimental investigation of cholesterol efflux pathways can be efficiently performed in vitro, following precise criteria in the selection of cell types and extracellular acceptors to specifically investigate the mechanism involved. The aim of this review is to describe how lipid transporter-mediated cholesterol efflux influences the intracellular trafficking of cholesterol and to provide methodological considerations for experimental evaluation of this process.
Export Options
About this article
Cite this article as:
Zanotti Ilaria, Favari Elda and Bernini Franco, Cellular Cholesterol Efflux Pathways: Impact on Intracellular Lipid Trafficking and Methodological Considerations, Current Pharmaceutical Biotechnology 2012; 13 (2) . https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/138920112799095383
DOI https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/138920112799095383 |
Print ISSN 1389-2010 |
Publisher Name Bentham Science Publisher |
Online ISSN 1873-4316 |
Call for Papers in Thematic Issues
Artificial Intelligence in Bioinformatics
Bioinformatics is an interdisciplinary field that analyzes and explores biological data. This field combines biology and information system. Artificial Intelligence (AI) has attracted great attention as it tries to replicate human intelligence. It has become common technology for analyzing and solving complex data and problems and encompasses sub-fields of machine ...read more
- Author Guidelines
- Graphical Abstracts
- Fabricating and Stating False Information
- Research Misconduct
- Post Publication Discussions and Corrections
- Publishing Ethics and Rectitude
- Increase Visibility of Your Article
- Archiving Policies
- Peer Review Workflow
- Order Your Article Before Print
- Promote Your Article
- Manuscript Transfer Facility
- Editorial Policies
- Allegations from Whistleblowers
Related Articles
-
Mitophagy: A Novel Therapeutic Target for Treating DN
Current Medicinal Chemistry Demystifying the ACE Polymorphism: From Genetics to Biology
Current Pharmaceutical Design Blood Pressure Lowering and Outcomes in type 2 Diabetes: Implications of the Blood Pressure-Lowering Arm of the Advance Trial
Current Hypertension Reviews Action Mechanisms of Chinese Herbal Compound at the Molecular Level
Letters in Drug Design & Discovery Gene Patents in the Primary Prevention of Vascular Diseases
Recent Patents on DNA & Gene Sequences Effects of Cichorium Intybus Linn on Blood Glucose, Lipid Constituents and Selected Oxidative Stress Parameters in Streptozotocin-Induced Diabetic Rats
Cardiovascular & Hematological Disorders-Drug Targets 12-Lipoxygenase: A Potential Target for Novel Anti-Platelet Therapeutics
Cardiovascular & Hematological Agents in Medicinal Chemistry Impact of Nutrition Transition and Resulting Morbidities on Economic and Human Development
Current Diabetes Reviews Cannabidiol as a Putative Novel Therapy for Diabetic Retinopathy: A Postulated Mechanism of Action as an Entry Point for Biomarker-Guided Clinical Development
Current Pharmacogenomics and Personalized Medicine Sulfonyl Group-Containing Compounds in the Design of Potential Drugs for the Treatment of Diabetes and Its Complications
Current Medicinal Chemistry The Role of AGEs and AGE Inhibitors in Diabetic Cardiovascular Disease
Current Drug Targets Adipokines and Myokines: A Pivotal Role in Metabolic and Cardiovascular Disorders
Current Medicinal Chemistry Biology and Therapeutic Applications of Peroxisome Proliferator- Activated Receptors
Current Topics in Medicinal Chemistry Novel Treatments in Diabetic Nephropathy
Current Hypertension Reviews Shoulder Manifestations of Diabetes Mellitus
Current Diabetes Reviews Marine Algae As A Prospective Source For Antidiabetic Compounds – A Brief Review
Current Diabetes Reviews Endothelial Function Assessment in Complicated Hypertension
Current Pharmaceutical Design Histone Acetylation Regulates Natriuretic Peptides and Neprilysin Gene Expressions in Diabetic Cardiomyopathy and Nephropathy
Current Molecular Pharmacology Insights into the Relationship Between Hypertension and Albuminuria
Current Hypertension Reviews Synthesis and Biological Activity of 3-(substitutedphenyl)- 6-(4-methoxyphenyl)-7H-[1,2,4]triazolo[3,4-b][1,3,4]thiadiazine
Immunology, Endocrine & Metabolic Agents in Medicinal Chemistry (Discontinued)