Planar Chip Sensors for Assessment of Nicotine

Nashwa      M. H. Rizk

Abstract

Two nicotine (NC)-selective electrode systems were developed with different techniques. Precipitation based technique with tungstophosphoric acid as cationic exchanger in poly (vinyl chloride) (PVC) matrix was used for sensor 1 fabrication. 2,9,16,23-tetra-tert-butylphethalocynine (TTBPC) based technique with and without potassium tetrakis[3,5- bis(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]borate (KTFPB), as fixed anionic site in poly (vinyl chloride) (PVC) matrix was used for sensors 2, 3 fabrication. Linear responses of 1× 10-2 to 5× 10× 5 M, 1× 10× 2 to 9× 10× 6 M and 1× 10× 2 to 7× 10× 6 M with slopes of 56.3, 57.1 and 58.6 mV/decade within pH 4 – 7 were obtained by using electrodes 1, 2 and 3, respectively. The percentage recoveries for determination of NC by the proposed NC-selective electrodes were 100.5±0.7, 100.8±1.1 and 99.0± 0.8% for sensors 1, 2, and 3, respectively. Determination of NC in pure nicotine solutions by the proposed electrodes revealed their applicability for determination of NC human serum and urine. The proposed method was compared with a reported one. Method was validated and no significant difference in both accuracy and precision was observed.

Keywords: Nicotine, Potentiometry, Poly(vinyl chloride), 2,9,16,23-tetra-tert-Butylphethalocynine, Potassium tetrakis[3,5- bis(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]borate, Planar Chip Sensors, High performance liquid chromatography, Gas chromatography, Sensor Calibration, Sensor Selectivity, Solid-phase extraction