Abstract
A large amount of energy produced by active aerobic metabolism is necessary for the cochlea to maintain its function. This makes the cochlea vulnerable to blockade of cochlear blood flow and interruption of the oxygen supply. Although certain forms of human idiopathic sudden sensorineural hearing loss reportedly arise from ischemic injury, the pathological mechanism of cochlear ischemia-reperfusion injury has not been fully elucidated. Recent animal studies have shed light on the mechanisms of cochlear ischemia-reperfusion injury. It will help in the understanding of the pathology of cochlear ischemia-reperfusion injury to classify this injury into ischemic injury and reperfusion injury. Excitotoxicity, mainly observed during the ischemic period, aggravates the injury of primary auditory neurons. On the other hand, oxidative damage induced by hydroxyl radicals and nitric oxide enhances cochlear reperfusion injury. This article briefly summarizes the generation mechanisms of cochlear ischemia-reperfusion injury and potential therapeutic targets that could be developed for the effective management of this injury type.
Keywords: Cochlea, Blood flow, Ischemia-reperfusion injury, Excitotoxicity, Oxidative damage
Current Neuropharmacology
Title: Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury of the Cochlea: Pharmacological Strategies for Cochlear Protection and Implications of Glutamate and Reactive Oxygen Species
Volume: 8 Issue: 2
Author(s): Keiji Tabuchi, Bungo Nishimura, Shuho Tanaka, Kentaro Hayashi, Yuki Hirose and Akira Hara
Affiliation:
Keywords: Cochlea, Blood flow, Ischemia-reperfusion injury, Excitotoxicity, Oxidative damage
Abstract: A large amount of energy produced by active aerobic metabolism is necessary for the cochlea to maintain its function. This makes the cochlea vulnerable to blockade of cochlear blood flow and interruption of the oxygen supply. Although certain forms of human idiopathic sudden sensorineural hearing loss reportedly arise from ischemic injury, the pathological mechanism of cochlear ischemia-reperfusion injury has not been fully elucidated. Recent animal studies have shed light on the mechanisms of cochlear ischemia-reperfusion injury. It will help in the understanding of the pathology of cochlear ischemia-reperfusion injury to classify this injury into ischemic injury and reperfusion injury. Excitotoxicity, mainly observed during the ischemic period, aggravates the injury of primary auditory neurons. On the other hand, oxidative damage induced by hydroxyl radicals and nitric oxide enhances cochlear reperfusion injury. This article briefly summarizes the generation mechanisms of cochlear ischemia-reperfusion injury and potential therapeutic targets that could be developed for the effective management of this injury type.
Export Options
About this article
Cite this article as:
Tabuchi Keiji, Nishimura Bungo, Tanaka Shuho, Hayashi Kentaro, Hirose Yuki and Hara Akira, Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury of the Cochlea: Pharmacological Strategies for Cochlear Protection and Implications of Glutamate and Reactive Oxygen Species, Current Neuropharmacology 2010; 8 (2) . https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/157015910791233123
DOI https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/157015910791233123 |
Print ISSN 1570-159X |
Publisher Name Bentham Science Publisher |
Online ISSN 1875-6190 |
- Author Guidelines
- Graphical Abstracts
- Fabricating and Stating False Information
- Research Misconduct
- Post Publication Discussions and Corrections
- Publishing Ethics and Rectitude
- Increase Visibility of Your Article
- Archiving Policies
- Peer Review Workflow
- Order Your Article Before Print
- Promote Your Article
- Manuscript Transfer Facility
- Editorial Policies
- Allegations from Whistleblowers
- Announcements
Related Articles
-
FTIR Spectroscopy Analysis can Highlight Induced Damage in Neuronallike Cells and Bio-protective Effectiveness of Agmatine
Current Metabolomics Non-Viral Gene Delivery Methods
Current Pharmaceutical Biotechnology Discussion on the Structural Modification and Anti-tumor Activity of Flavonoids
Current Topics in Medicinal Chemistry Hyperglycemia Induced Changes in Liver: In vivo and In vitro Studies
Current Diabetes Reviews The Roles of Cytochrome P450 in Ischemic Heart Disease
Current Drug Metabolism Vitamin D in Acute Kidney Injury
Inflammation & Allergy - Drug Targets (Discontinued) The Use of Nitric Oxide Synthase Inhibitors in Inflammatory Diseases: A Novel Class of Anti-Inflammatory Agents
Current Medicinal Chemistry - Anti-Inflammatory & Anti-Allergy Agents Stimulated CB1 Cannabinoid Receptor Inducing Ischemic Tolerance and Protecting Neuron from Cerebral Ischemia
Central Nervous System Agents in Medicinal Chemistry Efficient Synthesis of Novel 3-(5-(2-Hydroxy-2-Phenylethylsulfonyl)-4- Phenyl-4H-1,2,4-Triazol-3-yl)-1,8-Naphthyridin-4(1H)-Ones
Letters in Organic Chemistry Induction and Amelioration of Environmental Stress in Isolated Islets Until Transplantation
Immunology, Endocrine & Metabolic Agents in Medicinal Chemistry (Discontinued) Ischemic Post-Conditioning Partially Reverses Cell Cycle Reactivity Following Ischemia/Reperfusion Injury: A Genome-Wide Survey
CNS & Neurological Disorders - Drug Targets Melatonin and Synthetic Melatoninergic Agonists in Psychiatric and Age-associated Disorders: Successful and Unsuccessful Approaches
Current Pharmaceutical Design Editorial (Thematic Issue: Novel Insights into the Role of Anesthetics and Opioids in Organ or Tissue Protection)
Current Pharmaceutical Design Regenerative Medicine: Does Erythropoietin have a Role?
Current Pharmaceutical Design Therapeutical Approaches of Vasoactive Intestinal Peptide as a Pleiotropic Immunomodulator
Current Pharmaceutical Design Regulation of Matrix Synthesis, Remodeling and Accumulation in Glomerulosclerosis
Current Pharmaceutical Design Roles of Arterial Baroreceptor Reflex During Bezold-Jarisch Reflex
Current Cardiology Reviews The Importance of Strict Blood Glucose Control with Insulin Therapy in the Intensive Care Unit
Current Diabetes Reviews Comparison of Artemisia annua Bioactivities between Traditional Medicine and Chemical Extracts
Current Bioactive Compounds Biomarkers of Subclinical Atherosclerosis and Natural Products as Complementary Alternative Medicine
Current Pharmaceutical Design