Palliative Combined Percutaneous Balloon Aortic Valvuloplasty and Unprotected Left Main Stenting in End Stage Renal Disease

Todd   A.   Dorfman; Raed      Aqel

Abstract

With the aging population and high prevalence of atherosclerosis, an increasing number of patients presenting with heart failure and angina are found to have severe coronary artery disease and severe valvular disease. These patients tend to have multiple co-morbidities such as end stage renal disease and are considered high-risk for surgery. In patients with severe coronary artery disease, severe aortic stenosis, and heart failure with depressed left ventricular systolic function, the options are limited as they are not usually offered surgery, but palliative percutaneous high-risk procedures might be a viable alternative. Though long term results after balloon aortic valvuolpasty are not promising, there is a role for these procedures in highrisk inoperable patients for either palliation or as a bridge to surgery. Unprotected left main percutaneous interventions are also feasible with low complication rates. This review provides mounting evidence that it is reasonable to perform combined palliative balloon aortic valvuolpasty and high-risk coronary artery stenting in certain inoperable patients. An illustrative case is presented that extends the findings of the current literature and demonstrates that combined balloon aortic valvuolpasty and left main stenting could be a safe and effective alternative in the setting of heart failure, left ventricular dysfunction, and end stage renal disease.

Keywords: Aortic stenosis, critical left main disease, percutaneous balloon aortic valvuoplasty, unprotected left main stenting, palliative high risk percutaneous interventions