Abstract
The poisoning with organophosphorus compounds represents a life threatening danger especially in the time of terroristic menace. No universal antidote has been developed yet and other therapeutic approaches not related to reactivation of acetylcholinesterase are being investigated. This review describes the main features of the cholinergic system, cholinergic receptors, cholinesterases and their inhibitors. It also focuses on the organophosphorus nerve agents, their properties, effects and a large part describes various possibilities in treatments, mainly traditional oxime therapies based on reactivation of AChE. Furthermore, non-cholinesterase coupled antidotal effects of the oximes are thoroughly discussed. These antidotal effects principally include oxime interactions with muscarinic and nicotinic receptors.
Keywords: Acetylcholinesterase, muscarinic receptors, nicotinic receptors, antidotes, nerve agents, ogranophosphates, cholinergic system
Current Medicinal Chemistry
Title: Interaction of Nerve Agent Antidotes with Cholinergic Systems
Volume: 17 Issue: 16
Author(s): O. Soukup, G. Tobin, U.K. Kumar, J. Binder, J. Proska, D. Jun, J. Fusek and K. Kuca
Affiliation:
Keywords: Acetylcholinesterase, muscarinic receptors, nicotinic receptors, antidotes, nerve agents, ogranophosphates, cholinergic system
Abstract: The poisoning with organophosphorus compounds represents a life threatening danger especially in the time of terroristic menace. No universal antidote has been developed yet and other therapeutic approaches not related to reactivation of acetylcholinesterase are being investigated. This review describes the main features of the cholinergic system, cholinergic receptors, cholinesterases and their inhibitors. It also focuses on the organophosphorus nerve agents, their properties, effects and a large part describes various possibilities in treatments, mainly traditional oxime therapies based on reactivation of AChE. Furthermore, non-cholinesterase coupled antidotal effects of the oximes are thoroughly discussed. These antidotal effects principally include oxime interactions with muscarinic and nicotinic receptors.
Export Options
About this article
Cite this article as:
Soukup O., Tobin G., Kumar U.K., Binder J., Proska J., Jun D., Fusek J. and Kuca K., Interaction of Nerve Agent Antidotes with Cholinergic Systems, Current Medicinal Chemistry 2010; 17 (16) . https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/092986710791111260
DOI https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/092986710791111260 |
Print ISSN 0929-8673 |
Publisher Name Bentham Science Publisher |
Online ISSN 1875-533X |
Call for Papers in Thematic Issues
Advances in Medicinal Chemistry: From Cancer to Chronic Diseases.
The broad spectrum of the issue will provide a comprehensive overview of emerging trends, novel therapeutic interventions, and translational insights that impact modern medicine. The primary focus will be diseases of global concern, including cancer, chronic pain, metabolic disorders, and autoimmune conditions, providing a broad overview of the advancements in ...read more
Cellular and Molecular Mechanisms of Non-Infectious Inflammatory Diseases: Focus on Clinical Implications
The Special Issue covers the results of the studies on cellular and molecular mechanisms of non-infectious inflammatory diseases, in particular, autoimmune rheumatic diseases, atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease and other age-related disorders such as type II diabetes, cancer, neurodegenerative disorders, etc. Review and research articles as well as methodology papers that summarize ...read more
Chalcogen-modified nucleic acid analogues
Chalcogen-modified nucleosides, nucleotides and oligonucleotides have been of great interest to scientific research for many years. The replacement of oxygen in the nucleobase, sugar or phosphate backbone by chalcogen atoms (sulfur, selenium, tellurium) gives these biomolecules unique properties resulting from their altered physical and chemical properties. The continuing interest in ...read more
Current advances in inherited cardiomyopathy
Describe in detail all novel advances in multimodality imaging related to inherited cardiomyopathy diagnosis and prognosis. Shed light to deeper phenotypic characterization. Acknowledge recent advances in genetics, genomics and precision medicineread more
- Author Guidelines
- Graphical Abstracts
- Fabricating and Stating False Information
- Research Misconduct
- Post Publication Discussions and Corrections
- Publishing Ethics and Rectitude
- Increase Visibility of Your Article
- Archiving Policies
- Peer Review Workflow
- Order Your Article Before Print
- Promote Your Article
- Manuscript Transfer Facility
- Editorial Policies
- Allegations from Whistleblowers
- Announcements
Related Articles
-
Cannabinoids: Occurrence and Medicinal Chemistry
Current Medicinal Chemistry The Multiple Aspects of Stroke and Stem Cell Therapy
Current Molecular Medicine The Role of Prostaglandins in Liver Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury
Current Pharmaceutical Design Insights into the Role of Matrix Metalloproteinases and Tissue Inhibitor of Metalloproteinases in Health and Disease
Current Chemical Biology The Pivotal Role of Nitric Oxide: Effects on the Nervous and Immune Systems
Current Pharmaceutical Design “Non-Taxifolin” Derived Flavonolignans: Phytochemistry and Biology
Current Pharmaceutical Design Obesity and Asthma
Recent Patents on Endocrine, Metabolic & Immune Drug Discovery Survival Signaling Pathways Activated by NMDA Receptors
Current Topics in Medicinal Chemistry Glucose Metabolism and Insulin Resistance in Sepsis
Current Pharmaceutical Design Physiological and Pathological Functions of Acid-Sensing Ion Channels in the Central Nervous System
Current Drug Targets Cutting through the Complexities of mTOR for the Treatment of Stroke
Current Neurovascular Research MicroRNA-542-3p Regulates P-glycoprotein Expression in Rat Epilepsy via the Toll-like Receptor 4/Nuclear Factor-kappaB Signaling Pathway
Current Neurovascular Research Factors Modulating Fibrates Response: Therapeutic Implications and Alternative Strategies
Endocrine, Metabolic & Immune Disorders - Drug Targets MicroRNAs: The New Challenge for Traumatic Brain Injury Diagnosis
Current Neuropharmacology Targeting Microglial Polarization to Improve TBI Outcomes
CNS & Neurological Disorders - Drug Targets Editorial [Hot Topic: Recent Perspectives on Nanoneuroprotection & Nanoneurotoxicity (Guest Editors: Hari Shanker Sharma and Aruna Sharma)]
CNS & Neurological Disorders - Drug Targets Current and Potential Anticancer Drugs Targeting Members of the UHRF1 Complex Including Epigenetic Modifiers
Recent Patents on Anti-Cancer Drug Discovery Oxidation of Potassium Channels in Neurodegenerative Diseases: A Mini- Review
CNS & Neurological Disorders - Drug Targets Activation of Latent HIV-1 Expression by Protein Kinase C Agonists. A Novel Therapeutic Approach to Eradicate HIV-1 Reservoirs
Current Drug Targets The Impact of Antidepressant-Associated Sexual Dysfunction on Treatment Adherence in Patients with Major Depressive Disorder
Current Psychiatry Reviews