Abstract
Cancers arise as a result of stepwise accumulation of mutations which may occur at the nucleotide level and/or the gross chromosomal level. Many cancers particularly those of the colon display a form of genomic instability which may facilitate and speed up tumor initiation and development. In few instances, a “mutator mutation” has been clearly implicated in driving the accumulation of other carcinogenic mutations. For example, the post-replicative DNA mismatch repair deficiency results in dramatic increase in insertion/deletion mutations giving rise to the microsatellite instability (MSI) phenotype and may predispose to a spectrum of tumours when it occurs in the germline. Although many sporadic cancers show multiple mutations suggesting unstable genome, the role of this instability in carcinogenesis, as opposed to the power of natural selection, has been a matter of controversy. This review gives an update of the latest data on these issues particularly recent data from genome-wide, high throughput techniques as well as mathematical modelling. Throughout this review, reference will be made to the relevance of genomic instability to the pathogenesis of colorectal carcinoma particularly its hereditary and familial subsets.
Keywords: Genomic instability, Genetic instability, chromosomal instability, microsatellite instability, colorectal cancer, Lynch syndrome, HNPCC, familial colorectal cancer type-X, mismatch repair
Current Genomics
Title: Genomic Instability and Carcinogenesis: An Update
Volume: 9 Issue: 8
Author(s): Wael M. Abdel-Rahman
Affiliation:
Keywords: Genomic instability, Genetic instability, chromosomal instability, microsatellite instability, colorectal cancer, Lynch syndrome, HNPCC, familial colorectal cancer type-X, mismatch repair
Abstract: Cancers arise as a result of stepwise accumulation of mutations which may occur at the nucleotide level and/or the gross chromosomal level. Many cancers particularly those of the colon display a form of genomic instability which may facilitate and speed up tumor initiation and development. In few instances, a “mutator mutation” has been clearly implicated in driving the accumulation of other carcinogenic mutations. For example, the post-replicative DNA mismatch repair deficiency results in dramatic increase in insertion/deletion mutations giving rise to the microsatellite instability (MSI) phenotype and may predispose to a spectrum of tumours when it occurs in the germline. Although many sporadic cancers show multiple mutations suggesting unstable genome, the role of this instability in carcinogenesis, as opposed to the power of natural selection, has been a matter of controversy. This review gives an update of the latest data on these issues particularly recent data from genome-wide, high throughput techniques as well as mathematical modelling. Throughout this review, reference will be made to the relevance of genomic instability to the pathogenesis of colorectal carcinoma particularly its hereditary and familial subsets.
Export Options
About this article
Cite this article as:
Abdel-Rahman M. Wael, Genomic Instability and Carcinogenesis: An Update, Current Genomics 2008; 9 (8) . https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/138920208786847926
DOI https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/138920208786847926 |
Print ISSN 1389-2029 |
Publisher Name Bentham Science Publisher |
Online ISSN 1875-5488 |
Call for Papers in Thematic Issues
Advanced AI Techniques in Big Genomic Data Analysis
The thematic issue on "Advanced AI Techniques in Big Genomic Data Analysis" aims to explore the cutting-edge methodologies and applications of artificial intelligence (AI) in the realm of genomic research, where vast amounts of data pose both challenges and opportunities. This issue will cover a broad spectrum of AI-driven strategies, ...read more
Advanced Computational Algorithms and Artificial Intelligence in Clinical Pharmacogenomics
In the era of personalized medicine, understanding the relationship between genetics and drug response is crucial. This issue delves into innovative methodologies, leveraging deep computational analysis and artificial intelligence, to enhance the field of Clinical Pharmacogenomics. The interdisciplinary approach harnesses the power of advanced high-throughput genotyping technologies, sophisticated computational analysis, ...read more
Applications of Single-cell Sequencing Technology in Reproductive Medicine
Single cell sequencing (SCS) technology utilizes individual cells' genetic material to sequence their genome, transcriptome, and epigenetics at the molecular level. It offers insights into cell heterogeneity and enables the study of limited biological materials. Since its recognition as a valuable technique in 2011, single cell sequencing has yielded numerous ...read more
Big Data in Cancer Research
Cancer is a significant threat to human life and health, remaining a highly aggressive killer. It is a leading cause of death worldwide and represents a crucial medical issue for humanity. However, in the past decade, the effectiveness of new synthetic anticancer agents has not matched the current clinical speculation. ...read more
Related Journals
- Author Guidelines
- Graphical Abstracts
- Fabricating and Stating False Information
- Research Misconduct
- Post Publication Discussions and Corrections
- Publishing Ethics and Rectitude
- Increase Visibility of Your Article
- Archiving Policies
- Peer Review Workflow
- Order Your Article Before Print
- Promote Your Article
- Manuscript Transfer Facility
- Editorial Policies
- Allegations from Whistleblowers
- Announcements
Related Articles
-
Malignancy in Common Variable Immune Deficiency: Report of Two Rare Cases of Gastrointestinal Malignancy and a Review of the Literature
Cardiovascular & Hematological Disorders-Drug Targets Targeting Inflammatory Bowel Diseases by Nanocarriers Loaded with Small and Biopharmaceutical Anti-Inflammatory Drugs
Current Pharmaceutical Design HLA-G - From Fetal Tolerance to a Regulatory Molecule in Inflammatory Diseases
Current Immunology Reviews (Discontinued) Mast Cells in Allergic and Inflammatory Diseases
Current Pharmaceutical Design Apoptosis Signalling Activated by TNF in the Lower Gastrointestinal Tract-Review
Current Pharmaceutical Biotechnology Risk Communication of Vaccines: Challenges in the Post-Trust Environment
Current Drug Safety Monoclonal Antibodies in Clinical Oncology
Anti-Cancer Agents in Medicinal Chemistry Advances in the Researches on the Biological Activities and Inhibitors of Phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase
Anti-Cancer Agents in Medicinal Chemistry Colorectal Cancer in Elderly Patients: From Best Supportive Care to Cure
Anti-Cancer Agents in Medicinal Chemistry Headache: One of the Most Common and Troublesome Adverse Reactions to Drugs
Current Drug Safety Ovarian Cancer - Angiogenesis and Targeted Therapy
Current Angiogenesis (Discontinued) Recent Advances in Sepsis Research: Novel Biomarkers and Therapeutic Targets
Current Medicinal Chemistry New Entrants into Clinical Trials for Targeted Therapy of Breast Cancer: An Insight
Anti-Cancer Agents in Medicinal Chemistry Structure-Based Rationale for Interleukin 5 Receptor Antagonism
Current Pharmaceutical Design Targeted Therapies in the Treatment of Advanced Renal Cell Carcinoma
Recent Patents on Anti-Cancer Drug Discovery Reducing the Burden of Cervical Cancer in the Developing World
Current Women`s Health Reviews Selectins as Targets in Inflammatory Diseases
Current Medicinal Chemistry - Anti-Inflammatory & Anti-Allergy Agents Using Pharmacologic Data to Plan Clinical Treatments for Patients with Peritoneal Surface Malignancy
Current Drug Discovery Technologies AAV Vectorization of DSB-mediated Gene Editing Technologies
Current Gene Therapy Clinical Utility of Combined 18F-Fluoro-2-deoxyglucose Positron Emission Tomography – Computed Tomography in the Evaluation of Gastrointestinal Malignancies
Current Medical Imaging