Antiviral Unsaturated Nucleosides

Dimitri      Komiotis; Stella      Manta; Evangelia      Tsoukala; Niki      Tzioumaki

Abstract

In the search for effective, selective and nontoxic antiviral agents, a variety of nucleoside analogues have been synthesized, with different functionalities in the carbohydrate moiety. Unsaturated nucleoside analogues are recognized as an important class of biologically active compounds and appear to be prominent drugs in the management of several viral infections, including HSV, HIV, HBV, HCV and HCMV infections. Currently, unsaturated nucleoside mimetics, such as stavudine, abacavir and entecavir have been approved for the treatment of viral infections, while elvucitabine and β-L-2β- F-d4C are in clinical trials. The purpose of this review is to give an update of the recent developments on unsaturated nucleoside and nucleoside analogues, in both cyclic and acyclic forms, which possess promising therapeutic potential, mainly antiviral. It covers analogues with ring sizes from three to six and provides useful data, in the aim to enhance chemical reactivity or to study the fixation of the sugar conformation.

Keywords: Unsaturated nucleosides, carbocyclic, exomethylene, acyclic, antiviral