Abstract
Tetracyclines such as chlortetracycline and doxycycline with antimicrobial activity were reported to possess cytostatic and cytotoxic activity against mammalian tumor cells, often at high doses. Non-antimicrobial chemically modified tetracyclines (CMTs), with limited systemic toxicity but with significant tumor cell toxicity and anti-metastatic activity, are attractive for long term treatment for cancer. We recently reported one such CMT, 6-deoxy, 6-demethyl 4-dedimethylamino tetracycline (CMT-3) is a potent anti-tumor and anti-metastatic drug. Here we report on the anti-cell proliferation and anti-invasive activity of five nitro derivatives of CMT-3 (CMT-3N). All the five CMT-3Ns (CMT-302, CMT-303, CMT-306, CMT-308 and CMT-316) inhibited in vitro cell proliferation of prostate cancer cells. The 50 percent growth inhibition concentration (IC 50 ) of CMT-3Ns was similar to that of CMT-3. Although CMT-3 was by far the most potent anti-cell proliferation drug, all CMT-3Ns except CMT-303 and CMT-308 had similar anti-cell proliferation activity (IC 50 : 2.5 -5.7 micro g/ml). IC 50 s for CMT-303 and CMT-308 were - 8.1 and -12.4 micro g/ml, respectively. Activity against tumor cell invasion was tested in vitro using the Matrigel invasion assay. All CMT-3Ns had similar anti- invasive activity. While cytotoxic activity of CMT-3 was strongly associated with cell death-effector caspase activation, mitochondrial permeablization and apoptosis, the CMT-3Ns weakly induced apoptosis and did not activate Caspase-3. However, the CMT-3Ns were able to induce mitochondrial permeabilization. This dichotomous mechanism of cytotoxic activity of CMTs may have significance in their selection for clinical application.
Keywords: tumor cell invasio, modified tetracycluine, potent anti tumor, metastatic drugs, existing chemotherapeutics drugs, dedmethylamino tetracycline, culture conditioned medium, cell death assay, Chromatine fragmentation, phoshatidyl serine, capase activation, depolarization of mitochondria, cell proliferation, flow cytometry
Current Medicinal Chemistry
Title: Cytotoxic Activity and Inhibition of Tumor Cell Invasion by Derivatives of a Chemically Modified Tetracycline CMT-3 (COL-3)
Volume: 8 Issue: 3
Author(s): Bal L. Lokeshwar, Eva Escatel and Baoqian Zhu
Affiliation:
Keywords: tumor cell invasio, modified tetracycluine, potent anti tumor, metastatic drugs, existing chemotherapeutics drugs, dedmethylamino tetracycline, culture conditioned medium, cell death assay, Chromatine fragmentation, phoshatidyl serine, capase activation, depolarization of mitochondria, cell proliferation, flow cytometry
Abstract: Tetracyclines such as chlortetracycline and doxycycline with antimicrobial activity were reported to possess cytostatic and cytotoxic activity against mammalian tumor cells, often at high doses. Non-antimicrobial chemically modified tetracyclines (CMTs), with limited systemic toxicity but with significant tumor cell toxicity and anti-metastatic activity, are attractive for long term treatment for cancer. We recently reported one such CMT, 6-deoxy, 6-demethyl 4-dedimethylamino tetracycline (CMT-3) is a potent anti-tumor and anti-metastatic drug. Here we report on the anti-cell proliferation and anti-invasive activity of five nitro derivatives of CMT-3 (CMT-3N). All the five CMT-3Ns (CMT-302, CMT-303, CMT-306, CMT-308 and CMT-316) inhibited in vitro cell proliferation of prostate cancer cells. The 50 percent growth inhibition concentration (IC 50 ) of CMT-3Ns was similar to that of CMT-3. Although CMT-3 was by far the most potent anti-cell proliferation drug, all CMT-3Ns except CMT-303 and CMT-308 had similar anti-cell proliferation activity (IC 50 : 2.5 -5.7 micro g/ml). IC 50 s for CMT-303 and CMT-308 were - 8.1 and -12.4 micro g/ml, respectively. Activity against tumor cell invasion was tested in vitro using the Matrigel invasion assay. All CMT-3Ns had similar anti- invasive activity. While cytotoxic activity of CMT-3 was strongly associated with cell death-effector caspase activation, mitochondrial permeablization and apoptosis, the CMT-3Ns weakly induced apoptosis and did not activate Caspase-3. However, the CMT-3Ns were able to induce mitochondrial permeabilization. This dichotomous mechanism of cytotoxic activity of CMTs may have significance in their selection for clinical application.
Export Options
About this article
Cite this article as:
Lokeshwar L. Bal, Escatel Eva and Zhu Baoqian, Cytotoxic Activity and Inhibition of Tumor Cell Invasion by Derivatives of a Chemically Modified Tetracycline CMT-3 (COL-3), Current Medicinal Chemistry 2001; 8 (3) . https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/0929867013373516
DOI https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/0929867013373516 |
Print ISSN 0929-8673 |
Publisher Name Bentham Science Publisher |
Online ISSN 1875-533X |
Call for Papers in Thematic Issues
Advances in Medicinal Chemistry: From Cancer to Chronic Diseases.
The broad spectrum of the issue will provide a comprehensive overview of emerging trends, novel therapeutic interventions, and translational insights that impact modern medicine. The primary focus will be diseases of global concern, including cancer, chronic pain, metabolic disorders, and autoimmune conditions, providing a broad overview of the advancements in ...read more
Approaches to the treatment of chronic inflammation
Chronic inflammation is a hallmark of numerous diseases, significantly impacting global health. Although chronic inflammation is a hot topic, not much has been written about approaches to its treatment. This thematic issue aims to showcase the latest advancements in chronic inflammation treatment and foster discussion on future directions in this ...read more
Cellular and Molecular Mechanisms of Non-Infectious Inflammatory Diseases: Focus on Clinical Implications
The Special Issue covers the results of the studies on cellular and molecular mechanisms of non-infectious inflammatory diseases, in particular, autoimmune rheumatic diseases, atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease and other age-related disorders such as type II diabetes, cancer, neurodegenerative disorders, etc. Review and research articles as well as methodology papers that summarize ...read more
Chalcogen-modified nucleic acid analogues
Chalcogen-modified nucleosides, nucleotides and oligonucleotides have been of great interest to scientific research for many years. The replacement of oxygen in the nucleobase, sugar or phosphate backbone by chalcogen atoms (sulfur, selenium, tellurium) gives these biomolecules unique properties resulting from their altered physical and chemical properties. The continuing interest in ...read more
- Author Guidelines
- Graphical Abstracts
- Fabricating and Stating False Information
- Research Misconduct
- Post Publication Discussions and Corrections
- Publishing Ethics and Rectitude
- Increase Visibility of Your Article
- Archiving Policies
- Peer Review Workflow
- Order Your Article Before Print
- Promote Your Article
- Manuscript Transfer Facility
- Editorial Policies
- Allegations from Whistleblowers
- Announcements
Related Articles
-
Src Tyrosine Kinase Inhibition Suppresses Lymphangiogenesis In Vitro and In Vivo
Current Cancer Drug Targets Anti-Thrombotic Properties of Tomato
Recent Patents on Endocrine, Metabolic & Immune Drug Discovery Inflammatory Cytokines Pathways as Potential Therapeutic Targets for Gastric Cancer
Current Cancer Therapy Reviews Micro-/Nano-Scale Biointerfaces, Mechanical Coupling and Cancer Therapy
Current Topics in Medicinal Chemistry New Indications for Established Drugs: Combined Tumor-Stroma-Targeted Cancer Therapy with PPARγ Agonists, COX-2 Inhibitors, mTOR Antagonists and Metronomic Chemotherapy
Current Cancer Drug Targets The Interaction of Isoflavone Phytoestrogens with ER<sub>α</sub> and ER<sub>β</sub> by Molecular Docking and Molecular Dynamics Simulations
Current Computer-Aided Drug Design Ghetto Poverty and Pollution in Egypt: A Deadly Threat for Western Countries Caused by New and Infectious Mutants. A Cultural, Social and Microbiological Synopsis
Inflammation & Allergy - Drug Targets (Discontinued) Transport Mechanisms at the Blood-Cerebrospinal-Fluid Barrier: Role of Megalin (LRP2)
Recent Patents on Endocrine, Metabolic & Immune Drug Discovery Role of Flavonoids in Future Anticancer Therapy by Eliminating the Cancer Stem Cells
Current Stem Cell Research & Therapy 11C-Choline PET/CT based Helical Tomotherapy as Treatment Approach for Bone Metastases in Recurrent Prostate Cancer Patients
Current Radiopharmaceuticals Specific Direct Small Molecule p300/β-Catenin Antagonists Maintain Stem Cell Potency
Current Molecular Pharmacology Histone Lysine-Specific Methyltransferases and Demethylases in Carcinogenesis: New Targets for Cancer Therapy and Prevention
Current Cancer Drug Targets Clinical Trial Update and Novel Therapeutic Approaches for Metastatic Prostate Cancer
Current Medicinal Chemistry Recent Advances in Protein Tyrosine Phosphatase Detection Using Chemical Probes
Anti-Cancer Agents in Medicinal Chemistry Targeting the p53-Family in Cancer and Chemosensitivity: Triple Threat
Current Drug Targets Interaction Between Bone and Muscle in Older Persons with Mobility Limitations
Current Pharmaceutical Design Recent Patents of Gene Sequences Relative to the Phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase / Akt Pathway and their Relevance to Drug Discovery
Recent Patents on DNA & Gene Sequences Resveratrol, a Phytochemical Inducer of Multiple Cell Death Pathways: Apoptosis, Autophagy and Mitotic Catastrophe
Current Medicinal Chemistry NAD Precursors, Mitochondria Targeting Compounds and ADP-Ribosylation Inhibitors in Treatment of Inflammatory Diseases and Cancer
Current Medicinal Chemistry Stress, Depression and Hippocampal Apoptosis
CNS & Neurological Disorders - Drug Targets