Abstract
The core or the building block is an important component in drug development. In this article, we propose and review p-aminobenzoic acid (PABA) as a building block used in the design of drugs or drug candidates. PABA is frequently found as a structure moiety in drugs. For example, in a database of 12111 commercial drugs, 1.5% (184 drugs) were found to contain the PABA moiety. These drugs have a wide range of therapeutic uses, such as: sun-screening, antibacterial, antineoplastic, local anesthetic, anticonvulsant, antiarrhythmic, anti-emetic, gastrokinetic, antipsychotic, neuroleptic, and migraine prophylactic. This article reviews the molecular targets and the mechanisms of these activities. Drugs containing PABA also show a wide range of structural diversity. Of the 184 PABA containing drugs identified, 95 different substitutions were found at the carboxylic group and 61 were found at the amino group of the building block. Substitution on the aromatic ring was also diverse. 13, 3, and 13 different side chains were found to modify positions 2, 3 and 5 of the aromatic ring respectively. In some drugs, the amino group is further substituted to form tertiary amine (4 different side chains). Substitutions at the carboxyl and amino groups of PABA are particularly suitable for the generation of combinatorial libraries. Just by reshuffling the identified side chains of the 184 PABA containing drugs, 4.5 million compounds can be generated. Consequently, PABA fits well as a building block for a general chemical library of “drug-like” molecules with a wide range of functional and structural diversity.
Keywords: drug, drug development, paraaminobenzoic acid, drug-like molecule, building block, combinatorial chemistry
Current Medicinal Chemistry
Title: Drug Evolution: p-Aminobenzoic Acid as a Building Block
Volume: 9 Issue: 21
Author(s): Alicja Kluczyk, Tomasz Popek, Taira Kiyota, Pierre de Macedo, Piotr Stefanowicz, Carmen Lazar and Yasuo Konishi
Affiliation:
Keywords: drug, drug development, paraaminobenzoic acid, drug-like molecule, building block, combinatorial chemistry
Abstract: The core or the building block is an important component in drug development. In this article, we propose and review p-aminobenzoic acid (PABA) as a building block used in the design of drugs or drug candidates. PABA is frequently found as a structure moiety in drugs. For example, in a database of 12111 commercial drugs, 1.5% (184 drugs) were found to contain the PABA moiety. These drugs have a wide range of therapeutic uses, such as: sun-screening, antibacterial, antineoplastic, local anesthetic, anticonvulsant, antiarrhythmic, anti-emetic, gastrokinetic, antipsychotic, neuroleptic, and migraine prophylactic. This article reviews the molecular targets and the mechanisms of these activities. Drugs containing PABA also show a wide range of structural diversity. Of the 184 PABA containing drugs identified, 95 different substitutions were found at the carboxylic group and 61 were found at the amino group of the building block. Substitution on the aromatic ring was also diverse. 13, 3, and 13 different side chains were found to modify positions 2, 3 and 5 of the aromatic ring respectively. In some drugs, the amino group is further substituted to form tertiary amine (4 different side chains). Substitutions at the carboxyl and amino groups of PABA are particularly suitable for the generation of combinatorial libraries. Just by reshuffling the identified side chains of the 184 PABA containing drugs, 4.5 million compounds can be generated. Consequently, PABA fits well as a building block for a general chemical library of “drug-like” molecules with a wide range of functional and structural diversity.
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Cite this article as:
Kluczyk Alicja, Popek Tomasz, Kiyota Taira, de Macedo Pierre, Stefanowicz Piotr, Lazar Carmen and Konishi Yasuo, Drug Evolution: p-Aminobenzoic Acid as a Building Block, Current Medicinal Chemistry 2002; 9 (21) . https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/0929867023368872
DOI https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/0929867023368872 |
Print ISSN 0929-8673 |
Publisher Name Bentham Science Publisher |
Online ISSN 1875-533X |
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