New Synthetic Methods to 2-Pyridone Rings

Mercedes      Torres; Salvador      Gil; Margarita      Parra

Abstract

The synthesis of a substituted 2-pyridone ring is a topical area of continuing interest due to the number of biologically active molecules containing this moiety. Over the last decade, natural compounds with this structure have emerged as potent antitumor antiviral and attention, because those compounds may be studied as a simple model for investigating mechanisms of some enzymatic reactions or for discerning the behavior of nucleic acids bases in connection with mutation due to base mispairing or other mistaken helices. Recent studies have shown the usefulness of 2-pyridones as intermolecular connectors between building blocks in material science. Thus, despite the large number of methods known for their synthesis, new procedures are continuously being developed. Two main synthetic approaches can be found in the literature: from other heterocycles systems or condensation of acyclic systems. The latter can be further classified depending on the bond formed in the cyclization step: by C-C or C-N bond generation. The latter can be subclassified depending on the first condensation step. This is a review of new or improved methods for constructing 2-pyridone rings. This article will be restricted to ring formation, which can be included in the total synthesis of several compounds with specific biological or material properties. The pursuit of these properties requires efficient synthetic routes that allow rapid assembly and variation of multiple pendant substituents on the heteroaromatic case, which permits rapid analogsynthesis (RAS) [1].

Keywords: Camptothecin, Leporin A, Arylation, allyloxypyridines, intramolecular condensation, Imidoesters, Photoreaction, 2-azetidinone skeleton